• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to determine whether a relationship existed between foot type and the location of plantar callus in healthy subjects. Twenty-five healthy subjects with plantar callus were recruited for this study. Foot deformities were classified according to the operational definitions as 1) a compensated forefoot varus, 2) an uncompensated forefoot varus or forefoot valgus, or 3) a compensated rearfoot varus. The location of plantar callus was divided into two regions. Fourteen of the 19 feet with compensated forefoot varus and six of the 9 feet showed plantar callus at the second, third or fourth metatarsal head. Five of the 6 feet with uncompensated forefoot varus and twenty of the 16 feet with forefoot valgus showed plantar callus at the first or fifth metatarsal head. A significant relationship was found between foot type and location of callus (p<.01). The results support the hypothesis that certain foot types are associated with characteristic patterns of pressure distribution and callus formation. We believe diabetic patients with insensitive feet and with the types of foot deformity should be fit with foot orthoses and footwears that accommodate their respective deformity in a position as near to the subtalar joint as possible with the goal of preventing plantar ulceration.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2003

Purpose: To provide baseline data for prevention and education of diabetic foot in Korea. Materials and Methods: 216 diabetic patients are included in this survey. The average age is 58.64 year old with average 9.92 years of diabetes mellitus periods. Among them, 41% used insulin injection, 42% oral medication, 14% both and 3% diet were used for their blood sugar control. The diabetic foot survey was done. Results: The survey of patients symptom and disease of their feet results: 49% had sensory decrease in their feet. Associated disease in foot were callus(15%), heel pain(10%), bunion(4%), toe deformity(2%), Tinea pedis were 9%, tingle sensation were 17%, and swelling on feet were 2%, The survey of patients privious history of foot problems are: 8% had previous operation history on their feet and 17% had history of infection on their feet, 23% had bullae history, The survey of patients prevention and education are: Those who have had more than one diabetic foot education were 45.7%, and among them 24% had routine regular foot check up. Only 5% wear special diabetic shoe and 3% had custom orthotics. Conclusion: Interests to diabetic foot care is increasing in diabetic patients in Korea. However still we need more education, and efforts for prevention. Special education and diabetic shoe is still low, The survey data could be good baseline for diabetic prevention and education.

• 대한한방체열의학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2004

Cold hypersensitivity means a condition feeling cold at a temperature when one should not feel so. Cold hypersensitivity has been diagnosed based on the patient's subjective complaints. But these days, cold hypersensitivity can be diagnosed by the help of D.I.T.I.(Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging) This study is designed to verify the validity of diagnosis of cold hypersensitivity by D.I.T.I. Thermographic findings of 100 outpatients who visited the Kangnam Korean Hospital, KyungHee University, Seoul, Korea, from June 2000 to November 2000 were analyzed. The experimental group consisted of 50 patients who complained cold hypersensitivity, and for the control group, 50 patients who did not complain cold hypersensitivity. For the diagnosis of cold hypersensitivity of the hands, thermographic measurements were performed on two pairs of areas(palm-upper arm and back of hand-upper arm). And for that of the feet, other two pairs of areas(anterior thigh-top of the feet and posterior thigh-heel). When the criterion for thermal deviation between the palm and the upper arm was appointed as higher than $0.3^{\circ}C$, the sensitivity was 94.0% and the specificity, 90.0%. And when the criterion for that between the anterior thigh and the top of feet was appointed higher than $2.0^{\circ}C$, the sensitivity was 94.0% and the specificity, 76.0%. Through this study, the diagnostic standard for cold hypersensitivity of hands and feet could be presented.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2009

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine changes of postural sway and weight distribution after cooling the foot. Methods: Ten men with no history of sensory, neurological and orthopedic disorders were participated in this study. They performed four methods: (1) non-treated feet group(control group); (2) both feet treated group; (3) right foot treated group; and (4) left foot treated group. The feet of them were put into ice box, then they stood more than forty seconds on EMED system with bared feet. Data on the moving length, velocity, and maximum velocity of COP and the weight distributions during thirty seconds only were measured in standing position. Results: (1) The moving length and velocity of COP were significant difference between control group and both feet treated group only(p<0.05). (2) The maximum velocity of COP was significant difference among control group and all experimental groups. (3) The changes of weight distribution were significant difference among control group and right/left foot treated groups. Conclusions: Cooling the foot led to increased postural sway and changed weight distribution patterns.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.12-28
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• 2023

Introduction This study reports case series of Soyangin patients with coldness in hands and feet using Sasang constitutional medicine approach. This study suggests a value of using constitutional medicine indicators as both prognostic and diagnostic tools. Methods Among patients who visited an outpatient clinic, 7 patients were selected based on the criteria. These selected patients were exclusively treated with herbal medicine and monitored every 2 to 4 weeks retrospectively. Results The average treatment period was 8 weeks. Patients with a favorable pattern showed the improvement within 8 weeks, while those with an unfavorable pattern required more time. Discussion This study confirms the significance of Sasang constitutional medicine approach in Soyangin exterior cold syndrome with coldness in hands and feet. It also validates the current coldness in hands and feet as meaningful diagnostic indicator of Soyangin exterior cold syndrome. Furthermore, it highlights the value of original symptoms as prognostic tools.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.656-661
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• 2023

The aims of this study were to optimize the preparation of low-molecular-weight collagen using a proteolytic enzyme (alcalase) derived from the feet of Korean native chickens, and to characterize the process of collagen hydrolysis. Foreign bodies from chicken feet were removed using ultrasonication at 28 kHz with 1.36 kW for more than 25 min. The hydrolytic pattern and molecular weight distribution of enzyme-treated collagen from chicken feet were analyzed using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. Ideally, chicken feet should be treated at 100℃ for 8 h to obtain a high collagen content using hot water extraction. The collagen content of the chicken foot extract was 13.9 g/100 g, and the proportion of low-molecular-weight collagen increased with increasing proteolytic enzyme concentration and reaction time. When treated with 1% alcalase, the average molecular weight of collagen decreased rapidly to 4,929 Da within 5 h and thereafter decreased at a slower rate, reaching 4,916 Da after 7 h. Size exclusion chromatography revealed that low-molecular-weight collagen peptides of approximately 1,000-5,000 Da were obtained after hydrolysis with 1% alcalase for 1 h.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2004년도 춘계 학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.257-260
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• 2004

This study aims to define the isochronism of English feet. 275 feet, which consist of 66 lines of 13 poems written by 12 modem poets(The Poet Speaks, 1982), were used for analysis of durational measurement. To assess the average value of a foot, the study is, first, to set up a way of measuring the duration of each foot on its types in English meter. Secondly, with the measurement of the average duration of feet in modern poets' English poetries through Praat (version 4.119, 2003), it clarifies the foot isochronism in the fixed meter. With the two ways of measuring the isochronism, it clarifies the fact the foot isochronism permits the difference scope of the perceptive gap of 555.4-974.5msec. per foot in case of iambic meters in English poetry.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2010년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.771-772
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• 2010

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.963-973
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the limits of stability(LOS) at different sensory conditions in normal 20 years of age. The LOS was measured at stable surface, and unstable surface and the subjects stood with the feet contacted and 4 inches between the feet with the eyes open and the eyes closed. In this study, 20 physical therapy major subjects were evaluated at Wonkwang Public Health Junior College. In this study applied the paired t-test, and Kruskal-Wallis 1-way ANOVA to determine the statistical significance of results at 0.01 level of significance. The results were as follows: 1. The mean of lateral limits of stability was b.67 degree at stable surface with the eyes open and standing with the feet contacted. 2. The mean of anteroposterior limits of stability was 9.78 degree at stable surface with the eyes open and standing with the feet contacted. 3. The mean of lateral limits of stability was 15.10 degree at stable surface with the eyes open and standing with 4 inches between the feet. 4. The mean of anteroposterior limits of stability was 11.72 degree at stable surface with the eyes open and standing with 4 inches between the feet. 5. The anterior-posterior and lateral limits of stability significantly decreased with the eyes closed(p<0.01). 6. The anterior-posterior and lateral limits of stability significantly decreased at unstable surface(p<0.01). 7. There was no significant difference of limits of stability as the height and foot length(p>0.01).

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.149-174
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• 2020

Objectives: This study was aimed to figure out the effect of Onkyung-tang (OKT) on cold hypersensitivity on feet in female patients. Methods: This study was designed to implement multi-center randomized clinical trial in three korean medical hospitals. The female patients who were enrolled in this study were 112 women who suffered from cold hypersensitivity on feet. They were randomly allocated into OKT group or control group in 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome was change in score of visual analogue scale of hypersensitivity on feet, and the secondary outcomes were thermometer of LU4, PC8, ST32, LR3, visual analogue scale of hypersensitivity on hands, result of cold stress test, and score of World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF. Results: In both group, the VAS of hypersensitivity on feet and hands was decreased while taking the medicine, and the effect of decreasing the VAS continues for the 4 weeks after the end of medication (p<0.001, 0.003, 0.001). In OKT group, the body temperature difference in lower extremity (ST32-LR3) was steadily decreased at every visit and it was statistically significant(p=0.003, <0.001). On the other hand, in control group, the body temperature difference in lower extremity was decreased only while taking the medicine (p<0.001). Conclusions: OKT significantly reduced discomfort coldness on feet in patients, and the effect of treatment was maintained at least for four weeks after medication.