• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.221-230
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• 2010

Citizens' demand, which has been previously focused on welfare, is now expanding to include elements for higher quality of life such as employment, housing, culture, and sports. Accordingly, the government, with an aim of effectively delivering resident services that satisfy various demands, is committed to transforming the central government-oriented service system into the integrated service system based on public-private partnership. The government is also dedicated to expanding services to 8 areas including not only welfare but also healthcare, employment, housing, education, sports, culture, and tourism, which are directly related to everyday lives of residents. This project is designed to support such reforms in the citizen service delivery system in order to enhance quality of life of local residents. This study is to draw implications from analysis for implementing the citizen service integrated information system in order to reform the citizen service delivery system effectively through examinations and analyses of citizen services provided by the central government. Especially focus on public utility charges depreciation simplification citizen service. Its implications are expected to offer a real contribution for central and local Governments that want to increase the productivity of implementing eGovernment service.

• 대한의사협회지
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• 제61권11호
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• pp.638-642
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• 2018

Surgery is a very hands-on area of medical care, in that surgeons identify problems in patients' bodies and directly change them through operations. Therefore, it is not only necessary for surgeons to have a high level of expertise, but also to take considerable responsibility for the outcomes of each operation. However, surgery, which was once an object of envy, has long been a process to avoid, due to various circumstances, such as abnormal medical expenses in the medical field and social phenomena that avoids difficult work. It is unfortunate that medical professionals do not receive sympathy from others within the same medical field because of the general difficulties of the profession. The fundamental problem in this situation is the abnormal profit structure of the Korean medical system. Efforts by various related organizations will be needed to objectively evaluate the problems of the current medical insurance system and to make reasonable adjustments considering the difficulty, frequency, and resource-intensiveness of medical care.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.119-130
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to estimate the rate of credit card payment for private education. The results of study can be used to improve credit card handling problems of private educational institutes, leading toward improvements in income transparency, increase in tax burden equity and long-term economic welfare improvement for individual households. 424 households out of 586 household that were surveyed in September of 2002 had 1,700 cases private extracurricular education. 67 of the 1,700 cases that did not have expenditure records were removed from the analysis. Only 3.67％ out of 1,633 cases were paid by a credit cards and the amount of credit card payment were only 5.65％ of the total amount spent for private education. The average fee of private educational institutes that allow credit card payment was higher than the fees of private institutes which don't allow a credit card payment or those of private institutes where consumers don't know whether a credit card payment was allowed. The average fee of private education paid by credit cards was 34,465.46 won higher than that paid by cash. Credit card payments to private educational institutions is an important social issue with respect to fair tax collection and tax burden equity since most private educational services operate in fairly small sizes and are offered by the self-employed, and the expense of private education is a fairly large proportion of the household income. It is also important for consumers if credit card acceptance expands alternatives that consumers can choose in private education. Therefore, credit card payment should be encouraged in private extracurricular education. To do this, private education providers should be forced to join a credit card payment service by the National Tax Service. A regulation that prohibits the refusal of credit card payments should be required, and credit card service charges of private education providers should be incrementally decreased. Also, consumer education and public promotions for credit card use instead of cash in paying for private education fees are recommended.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.17-40
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• 2006

With the prospect of rapidly growing health insurance expenditures, particularly spending for ambulatory care, the introduction of a case-based payment method is discussed as an alternative to the current fee-for-service based method. A system to measure case mixes of providers is a core component of such payment systems. The objective of this study were to develop a classification system for ambulatory care, Korean Ambulatory Patient Group (KAPG) based on the U.S. APG version 2.0 and to evaluate the classification accuracy of the system. A database of 64,258,386 records was constructed from insurance claims submitted to the Health Insurance Review Agency (HIRA) during three months from August 2002. A total of 41,347,307 records with a single visit was used for the development and 7% random sample of the database was used for the evaluation. Additional groups were defined to include both physician and hospital fees in the classification, age splits were added to classify the entire population as well as the population older than 65, and the definition of medical groups used by the HIRA was adopted. The variance reduction in charges achieved by KAPGs was computed to evaluate the accuracy of classification. A total of 474 KAPGs was defined compare to 290 groups in the U.S. APG. The variance reduction for charges of all visits ranged from 20% to 37% depending on the type of provider, and ranged from 22% to 42% for non-outliers, that were better than those achieved by the system currently used by the .HIRA for its internal review purpose. Although further study is required to improve the classification for complicated care in larger hospitals, the results indicated that KAPGs could be used for better management of costs for ambulatory care.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.7-27
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• 1996

It is very costly to construct transportation facilities such as roads, bridges, tunnels, and public parking lots mainly because land price is very high in metropolis like Seoul. Private car oweners use these facilities more extensively than public transportation users. However, the government does not impose proper charges for using these facilities. Such improper charge causes traffic congestion and then decreases social welfare in efficiency and equity. To solve problem, many traffic demand management policies are used. Traffic management policies which are currently used or under consideration by the City Government of Seoul include the imposition of road tolls, increase of parking fees in public parking lots, increase of gasoline taxes, expanded implementation of bus only lanes, and shippujae, which requires one(1) non-driving day for 10 calendar days. This study examined the impacts of such policies on the different income classes using simulation analysis. We found that the impacts of market-oriented policies such as the imposition of road tolls and the increase of gasoline taxes is regressive. Also, we found that while the low and middle income private car users have incentive have incentive for public transportation use, the high income private car users have no incentive for public transportation use in many cases.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.185-196
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• 2015

Background: Issues concerning with the classification accuracy of Korean Outpatient Groups (KOPGs) have been raised by providers and researchers. The KOPG is an outpatient classification system used to measure casemix of outpatient visits and to adjust provider risk in charges by the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service in managing insurance payments. The objective of this study were to refine KOPGs to improve the classification accuracy and to evaluate the refinement. Methods: We refined the rules used to classify visits with multiple procedures, newly defined chemotherapy drug groups, and modified the medical visit indicators through reviews of other classification systems, data analyses, and consultations with experts. We assessed the improvement by measuring % of variation in case charges reduced by KOPGs and the refined system, Enhanced KOPGs (EKOPGs). We used claims data submitted by providers to the HIRA during the year 2012 in both refinement and evaluation. Results: EKOPGs explicitly allowed additional payments for multiple procedures with exceptions of packaging of routine ancillary services and consolidation of related significant procedures, and discounts ranging from 30% to 70% were defined in additional payments. Thirteen chemotherapy drug KOPGs were added and medical visit indicators were streamlined to include codes for consultation fees for outpatient visits. The % of variance reduction achieved by EKOPGs was 48% for all patients whereas the figure was 40% for KOPGs, and the improvement was larger in data from tertiary and general hospitals than in data from clinics. Conclusion: A significant improvement in the performance of the KOPG was achieved by refining payments for visits with multiple procedures, defining groups for visits with chemotherapy, and revising medical visit indicators.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2023

현재, 에너지 효율 향상으로 소비감축을 시행하는 새로운 에너지 시스템이 대두되고 있다. 이에 스마트그리드가 확산되면서 계시별 요금제가 확대되고 있다. 계시별 요금제는 계절별 / 시간별로 요금을 다르게 적용해 사용량에 따라 요금을 내는 요금제이다. 본 연구에서는 에너지 전력 사용량 데이터를 예측하기 위해, 온도/요일/시간/계절 등 외부 요인을 고려하고 시계열 예측 모델인 LSTM을 활용한다. 이러한 에너지 사용량 예측 모델을 기반으로 기기별 사용패턴을 분석하여 전력 에너지를 최대부하시간대에서 경부하시간대로 수요이전 함으로써 에너지 사용요금을 절감한다. 기기별 사용패턴을 분석하기 위해서는 시간대별로 기기의 사용량 패턴을 학습 및 분류하는 clustering 기법을 사용한다. 정리하자면, 본 연구에서는 사용자의 전력 데이터 사용량을 기반으로 사용량과 사용 요금을 예측 및 기기별 사용패턴을 분석하고 분석 기반의 맞춤형 수요이전 서비스를 제공함으로써 사용자에게 요금 절감 효과를 가져다 준다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.302-312
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a resource-based relative value scale (RBRVS) and its conversion factor for advanced nursing practices carried out by critical care nurse practitioners (CCNP) in intensive care units. Methods: The methodology was developed by calculating CCNP's RBRVS for 32 advanced nursing services based on CCNP's workload and time spent in the context of national health insurance. A cost analysis was performed to estimate the conversion factor of CCNP's RBRVS. The share of CCNP's contribution to fee-for-service in intensive care units was also analyzed. Results: Calculation of the RBRVS of 32 advanced nursing practices showed a range of points from 100.0 to 1,181.4 and an average of 296.1 points. The relevant conversion factor for advanced nursing practices in CCNP were estimated at 37.3-48.4 won. The contribution rate of CCNP's advanced nursing practices in the relative value scale of the national health insurance was estimated at 0.1-31.3%. Conclusion: Measuring the economic value of advanced nursing services will be a basis for esta-blishing a reimbursement system for CCNP's practices and thus encourage a social demand for advanced nurse practitioners.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2022

정부의 배출자 부담 원칙에 따라 배출량에 비례하여 수수료를 차등 부과하는 RFID 기반 음식물류폐기물 종량제가 2012년 전면 시행되었다. 2018년말 기준 전국 149개 지자체, 공동주택 아파트를 기준으로 약 40%의 보급률을 보이고 있다. 장비 도입으로 약 20~30%의 감량 효과가 나타났다. 이와 더불어 기존 장비들에 대한 문제점도 나타나기 시작하였다. 본 연구는 이러한 투입구의 근본적인 문제점의 해결책으로 기존에 나와 있는 기술들을 응용하고 통합하여 개선하고자 하였다. 즉, 음식물쓰레기 종량기 내부의 음식물쓰레기통 안쪽으로 호퍼를 깊숙이 들어가도록 설계를 변경하여 음식물쓰레기가 만수가 되어 수거통 교체 시 원활하도록 고안하여 음식물쓰레기종량기 주변 환경을 개선하고자 한다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.767-785
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 수질배출부과금제도의 부과체계를 분석하고 개선 방안을 연구하였다. 수질배출부과금제도는 환경오염 원인자에게 처리비용을 부담시켜 환경자원을 효율적으로 사용하도록 하는 경제적 유인 목적을 가지고 있으나 현행 수질배출부과금제도는 행정 규제적 성격이 강하다. 즉, 배출허용기준을 설정하여 이를 위반한 배출업소에 대하여 사업장 규모, 지역, 위반 횟수, 오염물질별 초과율을 고려한 누증적 부과계수를 적용하여 실제 환경오염 비용을 훨씬 초과하는 형벌적 성격의 부과금을 부과하고 있다. 그러나 과도한 부과금 부과로 배출부과금 징수율은 환경관련 부과금 중 가장 낮은 수준이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 규제적 성격의 부과체계를 개편하여 경제적 유인제도로 수질배출부과금제도를 개편하는 부과체계 개편안을 연구하였으며 이에 따른 부과액 및 징수액 변화 효과를 추정하였다. 추정 결과를 보면 현행 부과금 부과액은 오염물질 처리단가의 약 4배 이상을 부과하고 있어 환경자원의 비효율적 배분을 초래하고 있음을 보여준다. 아울러 과도한 부과금 부과체계를 개선하는 경우에는 징수율도 제고되어 수질배출부과금제도의 기능을 회복할 수 있음을 보여준다.