• Title/Summary/Keyword: Feeds

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관상조류 전용 가공사료 개발 연구

  • 장병귀;김상호;유동조;이진건;서옥석;강양수;하형돈
    • Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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    • 2003.11a
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    • pp.133-134
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    • 2003

  • This study was conducted to develop ornamental bird granule-type feeds for shortening working hours and improving productivity at the bird farms. We developed two kinds of Common finch feeds for the growing and layer birds. The ME level was 3,200 kcal/kg, respectively and the CP was 16and 20 ％, respectively. The developed feeds and traditional mixed-seed feeds were compared to investigate the egg production and hatching rate in Common finch. There was no significant differences between the two feeds indicating that the developed feeds can be used at the bird farms. However morphological shape changes of the developed feeds will be needed for effective assumption.

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Feed Energy Evaluation for Growing Pigs

  • Kil, D.Y.;Kim, B.G.;Stein, H.H.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.26 no.9
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    • pp.1205-1217
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    • 2013

  • Pigs require energy for maintenance and productive purposes, and an accurate amount of available energy in feeds should be provided according to their energy requirement. Available energy in feeds for pigs has been characterized as DE, ME, or NE by considering sequential energy losses during digestion and metabolism from GE in feeds. Among these energy values, the NE system has been recognized as providing energy values of ingredients and diets that most closely describes the available energy to animals because it takes the heat increment from digestive utilization and metabolism of feeds into account. However, NE values for diets and individual ingredients are moving targets, and therefore, none of the NE systems are able to accurately predict truly available energy in feeds. The DE or ME values for feeds are important for predicting NE values, but depend on the growth stage of pigs (i.e., BW) due to the different abilities of nutrient digestion, especially for dietary fiber. The NE values are also influenced by both environment that affects NE requirement for maintenance ($NE_m$) and the growth stage of pigs that differs in nutrient utilization (i.e., protein vs. lipid synthesis) in the body. Therefore, the interaction among animals, environment, and feed characteristics should be taken into consideration for advancing feed energy evaluation. A more mechanistic approach has been adopted in Denmark as potential physiological energy (PPE) for feeds, which is based on the theoretical biochemical utilization of energy in feeds for pigs. The PPE values are, therefore, believed to be independent of animals and environment. This review provides an overview over current knowledge on energy utilization and energy evaluation systems in feeds for growing pigs.

  • https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2013.r.02 인용 PDF KSCI

Nutritional Evaluation of Imported Organic Feeds and Locally Produced Agricultural By-products for Organic Ruminant Farming (유기 반추동물 전용 수입산 유기사료 및 국내산 유기 부산물의 사료적 가치 평가)

  • Park, Joong-Kook;Kim, Chang-Hyun
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.513-528
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    • 2011

  • This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of locally produced organic agricultural by-products to substitute imported organic feeds for organic ruminant farming. Imported organic feeds (corn grain, soybean meal, soybean seed, oat grain, barley grain, wheat grain, buckwheat, sunflower seed meal) and byproducts (rice bran, grape seed meal, rice straw, soybean hull, soybean curd, rice hull, green kernel rice, and crushed rice grain) were analyzed for chemical composition and NDF, ADF, mineral, and amino acid contents and anti-nutritional factors. Dry matter, NDF and ADF contents in organic feeds were higher than those in conventional feeds. Especially, the 9.65% fat content of organic soybean meal was 6 times higher than the 1.95% fat content of conventional soybean meal. Fat contents of rice bran, grape seed meal, green kernel rice, and crushed rice grain were 25.66, 6.09, 3.57 and 1.59%, respectively. Protein contents of soybean hull and soybean curd were 14.68 and 19.87%, respectively, which are highest among organic by-products. Levels of aflatoxin in all feeds were below the safety level. Therefore, organic rice bran, green kernel rice and crushed rice as energy source, and soybean hull and soybean curd as protein source could partial replace imported feeds for organic ruminant farming.

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In Situ Dry Matter, Nitrogen and Phosphorous Disappearance of Different Feeds for Ruminants

  • Islam, M.R.;Ishida, M.;Ando, S.;Nishida, T.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.15 no.6
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    • pp.793-799
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    • 2002

  • Four feeds, three concentrates (rice bran, soybean meal and flaked corn) and one forage (corn silage) were incubated in four ruminally fistulated Holstein steers over three one week periods in a 3${\times}$4 incomplete latin square design where steers served as blocks and feeds as treatment. The objectives of the study were to investigate in situ DM, N and P degradability characteristics of feeds in order to assess availability of these nutrients by ruminants. In each period, all feeds were incubated in quadruplets (corn silage in triplicates) in the rumen of each steer in a reverse order for 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 and 48 h. The DM 'a' fraction was higher and lower (p<0.001) in corn silage and rice bran respectively. Although corn silage contained the lowest (p<0.01) DM 'b' fraction, flaked corn contained the highest. Rate of DM degradation of flaked corn and corn silage were half (p<0.05) of the rate of DM degradation of either rice bran or soybean meal. Potential or effective DM degradability (p<0.05 to 0.001) at various passage rates were the lowest for rice bran and the highest for soybean meal. Corn silage N 'a' and 'b' was the highest and lowest, respectively (p<0.01). N 'c' of corn silage and rice bran was higher (p<0.001) than other feeds. Potential N degradability was the lowest in flaked corn (p<0.05). P 'a' was high (p<0.01) for corn silage and rice bran. P 'b' fraction was very high (p<0.001) in soybean meal but was absent in corn silage. Availability of DM (p<0.01 or 0.001), N (p<0.001) and P (p<0.05) differed between feeds at various passage rates except P availability at k=0.02 per h (p>0.05). The results demonstrate that the availability of DM, N and P by ruminants depends on feed as well as categories of animal.

  • https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2002.793 인용 PDF KSCI