• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.98-105
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• 2018

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of pelleted and expanded sorghum-based feeds prepared with different moisture levels and particle size of ingredients on metabolizable energy, ileal digestibility of amino acids and broiler performance. Methods: The experiment was performed with 720 male broiler chicks of the Cobb strain, with treatments of six replications, with 15 birds each; they were arranged in a completely randomized design and $2{\times}2{\times}2$ factorial scheme (pelleted or expanded feed processing, 0.8% or 1.6% moisture addition in the mixer, and particle size of 650 or 850 microns). Results: Higher pellet quality (pellets, % and pellet durability index [PDI]) was obtained in expanded diets and inclusion of 1.6% moisture. The particle size of 850 microns increased the PDI of final diet. All studied treatments had no significant effect on weight gain and broiler carcass and cut yields. Lower feed conversion occurred for birds fed pelleted feed at 42 d. The highest apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and apparent metabolizable energy corrected to zero nitrogen balance (AMEn) values of feed in the initial rearing phase (10 to 13 days) were observed in birds fed pelleted feed or for feed prepared with 1.6% moisture. The highest ileal digestibility coefficients of amino acids were obtained with the consumption of pelleted feed prepared with a particle size of 650 microns and 1.6% moisture. Conclusion: Pelleted feed prepared with a milling particle size of 650 microns and 1.6% moisture provided increased ileal digestibility of amino acids and AMEn in the starter period. However, the expanded feed improved pellet quality and feed conversion of broilers at 42 days of age. We conclude that factors such as moisture, particle size and processing affect the pellet quality, and therefore should be considered when attempting to optimize broiler performance.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.595-602
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• 2023

Feed processing methods can substantially enhance the nutrient value of feed. The aim of our study was to compare the effects of mash or crumble feed on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, back-fat thickness, and carcass quality of growing-finishing pigs. In total, 50 ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) growing pigs with initial body weight of 46.24 ± 3.57 kg were randomly assigned to two dietary treatment groups. The two dietary treatments were: 1) mash and 2) crumble feed forms for 14 weeks of trials. Five replication pens per treatment, comprised five pigs (2 males and 3 females) each. Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, back-fat thickness, and carcass quality were observed at different weeks. There were no significant differences in growth performance, nutrient digestibility, back-fat thickness, and carcass quality throughout the experimental trial. Further study is required to understand the effects of mash and crumble feed on growing-finishing pigs.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.68-72
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• 2012

Al2017 is typical Duralumin of self-hardening aluminum alloy. It is lightweight, formability and machinability so throughout the industries have widely used automobile, electronics, semiconductor and aircraft as material. A variety of CNC machine tool processing technology, scientific principles and experience have been studied in order to increase accuracy and productivity. Using a machining center is to constant amount of side step and cutting characteristics studied changing depth of cut, revolution per minute and feed rate.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1993년도 Proceedings of International Conference for Agricultural Machinery and Process Engineering
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• pp.768-778
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• 1993

The system is designed for the production and processing of feed, fertilizer, sugar , and grain. It can be used to weigh and transport automatically their pellet, power or nonstickness materials. In this system, we use discontinuous totalising automatic weighing instruments to weigh materials. It is a closed-cycle control system controlled by industrial controlling computer STD bus. The system used for processing grain and feed can improve the quality of products , carry out scientific management, increase productivity and decrease the intensity of labour

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.319-327
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• 2022

An eight-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of a diet consisting of different onion juice processing by-product (OJPB) levels on juvenile black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii growth, feed utilization, and, lysozyme and antioxidant enzymes activities. Juvenile rockfish (2.2 g) were randomly distributed into 15 flow-through tanks (30 fish/tank). Five experimental diets were prepared in triplicate. The experimental diets were supplemented with OJPB at different levels of 0 (control), 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1% (designated as OJPB0, OJPB0.25, OJPB0.5, OJPB0.75 and OJPB1, respectively). At the end of the feeding trial, the results revealed that the fish that were fed the OJPB0.75 and OJPB1 diets showed enhancement in growth (weight gain and specific growth rate) and feed utilization (feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio) compared with the fish that were fed other diets. Plasma lysozyme, glutathione concentration, and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities significantly increased in the fish that were fed the OJPB0.75 and OJPB1 diets. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 0.75-1% OJPB in juvenile rockfish diet improved the growth performance and antioxidant status.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.465-470
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• 1999

Many researchers have, nowadays, studied on spinning which can produce highly qualified products by CNC spinning machine equipped with hydraulic devices. The products have continuous metal flow which improves fatigue life, yield point, tensile strength and hardness. This study is to investigate the influence of various working conditions on the spinnability of cylindrical cups such as feed rate(ν), feed pitch(p), angle of roller holder(α), and the inclination angle of first roller path. Through experiments the feed rate of (0.4∼0.7) mm/rev was shown to give the drawing ratio of 2.5 when the angle of roller holder was 5°, However, by increasing the angle of roller holder from 5°to 20°, the range of feed rate which can produce deeper cups became wider and the spinnability was also improved. The optimum working conditions, for the maximum formability of aluminum sheet metal as well as dimensional accuracy of spun cups, are presented and discussed.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.62-69
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• 1993

The accuracy of machine tools is the major factor concerned with the acuracy of the processed work. The feed errors of feed system in machine tool, therfore, make the machining errors of work directly on processing. In this point, this study focused on the generative elements of feed errors in CNC cylindrical grinding machine, such as supporting method of ball screw, the effect of pitch and yaw error and the position detecting method in servo system when operating its shaft of grinding wheel head. Furthermore, in order to improve the driving accuracy of this machine tool, feed errors are measured by a laser interferometer. Results obtained in this study provide some useful informations to attain high accuracy of CNC machine tool.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2020

A ceramic vacuum chamber feedthrough ceramic insulator is made of Al2O3; the manufacturing process involves filling alumina powder into a urethane mold and pressing it with a rubber press to produce a molded body. Thereafter, manufacturing is completed through primary shape processing, sintering, and secondary shape processing in the green body, which is a pressurized molding body, This work is intended to prevent defects in the first shape processing by improving the ceramic insulator in the green body, and to improve the productivity of the ceramic insulator by determining the optimal processing conditions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.303-316
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• 1994

Microbial digestion of feed in the rumen involves a sequential attack culminating in the formation of fermentation products and microbial cells that can be utilized by the host animal. Most feeds are protected by a cuticular layer which is in effect a microbial barrier that must be penetrated or circumvented for digestion to proceed. Microorganisms gain access to digestible inner plant tissues through damage to the cuticle, or via natural cell openings (e.g., stomata) and commence digestion from within the feed particles. Primary colonizing bacteria adhere to specific substrates, divide to form sister cells and the resultant microcolonies release soluble substrates which attract additional microorganisms to the digestion site. These newly attracted microorganisms associate with primary colonizers to form complex multi-species consortia. Within the consortia, microorganisms combine their metabolic activities to produce the diversity of enzymes required to digest complex substrates (e.g., cellulose, starch, protein) which comprise plant tissues. Feed characteristics that inhibit the microbial processes of penetration, colonization and consortia formation can have a profound effect on the rate and extent of feed digestion in the rumen. Strategies such as feed processing or plant breeding which are aimed at manipulating feed digestion must be based on an understanding of these basic microbial processes and their concerted roles in feed digestion in the rumen.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제66권1호
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• pp.219-231
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• 2024

Feed has a great influence on the composition of swine manure, which is the principal cause of odor. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to simply change the shape of pig feed and control calories to find a suitable feed form for reducing the smell of swine manure. The experiment was conducted on 15 pigs from July to August 2021, and a total of three measurements were done. Three types of feed were evaluated in this study. The analysis items related to odor of swine manure are complex odor, ammonia, sulfur-based odors, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In the case of complex odor, dilution multiples tended to decrease over time, except for type A feed. The concentration of ammonia in all types of feed decreased over time. Most sulfur-based odorous substances except hydrogen sulfide at the first measurement were not detected. Representatively, Decane, 2,6-Dimethylnonane, and 1-Methyl-3-propylcycolhexane were detected in VOCs generated from swine manure. The major odorous substansces in swine manure have changed from ammonia and sulfur compounds to VOCs. In order to reduce the odor caused by swine manure, it is ad-vantageous to use low-calorie feed consisting of pellet-type.