• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.851-860
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• 2015

참나무류와 리기다소나무 간벌재 칩을 사용하여 각각 60, 90, 120분 동안 증기 가열(증해) 처리하여 조사료를 제조하고 정유 함량을 비교하였다. 두 수종 모두 증해 처리 시간이 증가됨에 따라 정유 함량이 감소하였으며, 90분과 120분 처리했을 때 $0.1m{\ell}/kg$ 이하의 정유 함량을 보였다. 90분 증해 처리하여 제조된 조사료의 사료로써의 가치를 화학성분 조성, NRC (National Research Counsil) 모델링, 반추위 소화율, 영양성분 대비 상대적 경제 가치 분석을 통해 평가하였다. 참나무류 조사료의 DM (dry matter; 건물), CP (crude protein; 조단백), EE (ether extract; 조지방), NDF (neutral detergent fiber; 중성세제섬유소), ADF (acid detergent fiber; 산성세제섬유소), ADL (acid detergent lignin; 산성세제리그닌), NFC (nonfiber carbohydrate; 비섬유소탄수화물) 함량은 각각 95.4, 1.36, 3.11, 90.05, 83.85, 17.33, 6.50 %로 측정되었고, 리기다소나무 조사료는 각각 94.37, 1.33, 5.48, 87.89, 86.88, 30.56, 6.32%로 측정되었다. NRC 모델링을 이용한 영양평가에서는 참나무류 조사료가 TDN (total digestible nutrient) 40.55%, DE (digestible energy) 1.79 Mcal/kg이었고 리기다소나무 조사료가 TDN 31.22%, DE 1.38 Mcal/kg으로 나타나 참나무류 조사료가 더 높은 영양가를 가진 것으로 사료되었다. 반추위 내 건물소화율은 참나무류 조사료(18.07%)가 리기다소나무 조사료(10.02%)보다 높았다. 영양성분 대비 상대적 경제 가치는 참나무류 조사료는 235원, 리기다소나무 조사료는 210원으로 나타났다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.259-267
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• 2003

비태인의 산란계 급여가 산란율과 지질 대사, 삼투압 조절에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 18주령 ISA Brown 산란계를 이용하여 42주령까지 두 번의 사양실험을 실시하였다. 실험 1에서, 산란계 360수를 공시하여 조단백질 16%와 대사에너지 2,800 kcal/kg, methionine 0.33%를 함유한 옥수수-대두박 위주의 실험사료에 비태인 0, 300, 600, 1200 ppm을 첨가 급여하였다. 8주마다 산란율과 난중, 사료섭취량, 사료 요구율, 난품질을 측정하였으며 간과 계란의 비태인 함량과 복강지방, 혈중 cholesterol, total protein, albumin 함량을 측정하였다. 실험 2에서 33주령 ISA Brown 산란계 20수를 케이지에 개체수용하여 2주간 사료와 물 섭취량을 측정하였으며 급여한 사료는 실험 1과 같다. 실험 종료후 산란계를 모두 희생시켜 혈청과 회장 내용물의 삼투압, arginine vasotocin(AVT), 간의 수분함량을 측정하였다. 실험 1에서, 초기 8주간은 산란율에 차이를 보이지 않았으나 산란율이 최고에 달한 이후 비태인 600ppm 이상 급여구에서 산란율이 현저히 증가하였다(P<0.05). 그러나 난중은 초기 8주간은 현저히 감소하였으나 이후 차이를 보이지 않았다. 사료요구율은 비태인 급여구에서 개선되는 경향을 보였으나 난품질은 차이를 보이지 않았다. 간의 비태인 함량은 비태인의 급여로 대조구보다 증가하였으나 계란의 비태인 함량은 비태인의 급여로 감소하였다. 비태인의 급여는 혈중 총콜레스테롤과 중성지방을 증가시켰으나 비태인 급여 수준에 따라서는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 복강지방 함량은 비태인의 급여로 증가하였으나 간 지방은 감소하였다. 실험 2에서 음수량은 비태인 300과 600ppm 급여구에서 현저히 증가하였으며(P<0.05) 회장 소화물의 삼투압도 증가하였다. 그러나 간의 수분함량은 영향을 받지 않았으며 AVT는 비태인의 급여로 증가하였다. 이상의 결과에서 비태인의 급여는 산란율을 증가시키고 지질 대사를 개선할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2008

An inducer is employed in a modern rocket feed system because it allows a turbopump system to operate at a high speed with low inlet pressures so as to minimize the weight and the size of the system. Cavitation performance can be improved by installing an inducer to the pump, enabling to increase the operational speed of the pump. The main purpose of an inducer is to increase the static pressure prior to an impeller to enable the impeller to operate satisfactorily under cavitation environments. In the present study the effects of axial distance between the inducer and the impeller on the performance of the pump were studied using both experimental and computational methods. Two inducers with different axial length were used for the experiments and the pump performances were measured. The experimental results show that the suction performance decreases as the axial gap between the inducer and impeller is increased.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
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• pp.2232-2237
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• 2007

Steam reforming and catalytic reforming of $CH_4$ conversion to produce synthesis gas require both high temperatures and high pressure. Non-thermal plasma is considered to be a promising technology for the hydrogen rich gas production from methane. In this study, three phase AC GlidArc plasma system was employed to investigate the effects of gas composition, gas flow rate, catalyst reactor temperature and applied electric power on the $CH_4$ and $H_2$ yield and the product distribution. The studied system consisted of three electrode and it connected AC generate power system different voltages. In this study, air was used for the partial oxidation of methane. The results showed that increasing gas flow rate, catalyst reactor temperature, or electric power enhanced $CH_4$ conversion and $H_2$ concentration. The reference conditions were found at a $O_2$/C molar ratio of 0.45, a feed flow rate of 4.9 ${\ell}$/min, and input power of 1kW for the maximum conversions of $CH_4$ with a high selectivity of $H_2$ and a low reactor energy density.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.76-81
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• 2014

The Engineering ceramics have some excellent properties as materials for modern mechanical and electrical components. It is, however, not easy to polish them efficiently because they are strong and hard. This study is carried out to obtain a mirror surface on engineering ceramics by surperfinishing with high efficiency. To achieve this, we conducted a series of polishing experiments using representative engineering ceramics, such as $Al_2O_3$, SiC, $Si_3N_4$ and $ZrO_2$, using diamond abrasive film from the perspective of oscillations peed, the rotational speed of the workpiece, contact roller hardness, contact pressure and feed rate. Furthermore, the polishing efficiency and characteristics for engineering ceramics are discussed on the basis of optimal polishing time and surface roughness. Our results confirmed that efficient superfinishing conditions and polishing characteristics of engineering ceramics can be determined.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제43회 하계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.79-79
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• 2012

A high temperature and a low temperature plasma process technologies were developed and demonstrated for synthesis, hybrid formation, surface treatment and CVD engineering of nano powder. RF thermal plasma is used for synthesis of spherical nano particles in a diameter ranged from 10 nm to 100 nm. A variety of nano particules such as Si, Ni, has been synthesized. The diameter of the nano-particles can be controlled by RF plasma power, pressure, gas flow rate and raw material feed rate. A modified RF thermal plasma also produces nano hybrid materials with graphene. Hemispherical nano-materials such as Ag, Ni, Si, SiO2, Al2O3, size ranged from 30 to 100 nm, has been grown on graphene nanoplatelet surface. The coverage ranged from 0.1 to 0.7 has been achieved uniformly over the graphene surface. Low temperature AC plasma is developed for surface modification of nano-powder. In order to have a three dimensional and lengthy plasma treatment, a spiral type of reactor has been developed. A similar plasma reactor has been modfied for nano plasma CVD process. The reactor can be heated with halogen lamp.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.550-557
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• 2005

The multivariate statistical analysis methods, using both multiple linear regression(MLR) and partial least square(PLS), have been applied to predict the reactor properties and the product quality of a direct esterification reactor for polyethylene terephthalate(PET) synthesis. On the basis of the set of data including the flow rate of water vapor, the flow rate of EG vapor, the concentration of acid end groups of a product and other operating conditions such as temperature, pressure, reaction times and feed monomer mole ratio, two multi-variable analysis methods have been applied. Their regression and prediction abilities also have been compared. The prediction results are critically compared with the actual plant data and the other mathematical model based results in reliability. This paper shows that PLS method approach can be used for the reasonably accurate prediction of a product quality of a direct esterification reactor in PET synthesis process.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.72-79
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• 2006

The objective of this work is to simulate the etching characteristics for the optimization on the etching process of Lead-Frame. The etching characteristics such as etching factor, etching uniformity were investigated under different the actual operating conditions. The correlation between the etching characteristics and the spray ones were analyzed to simulate the etching characteristics in the etching process. To improve the etching characteristics in the etching process, effects of the various operating conditions such as pressure, distance from nozzle tip, pipe pitch, and feed speed should be understood in detail. The spray characteristics obtained by experiment using PDA system were simulated by the Monte-Carlo simulation. The etching process model was coded by Java language. It was found that the spray characteristics were correlated with the etching ones and simulation results generally agreed well with the measured results of etching characteristics in the etching process of Lead-Frame. The optimal operating parameters were successfully found under variable conditions.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.19-26
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• 1999

Thermal output in a nuclear power plant is verified with calorimetric heat balance on the secondary plant. The calorimetry involves the precise measurement of the feedwater flow rate. However, the correct indication of feedwater flow rate obtained by a pressure-difference measurement across a venturi can be affected by instrument errors, fouling or a poorly developed velocity profile. This can result in an inaccurate mass flow rate and consequently an inaccurate estimate of power. The purpose of this study is to develop verification methods with accuracy better than $0.5\%$ for high precision flow measurement to be used for measuring feedwater flow rate. This chemical tracer method is a testing process that uses tracers which can be applied to quantify losses in electrical output due to the incorrect measurements of feedwater flow rate. And this system has good response to the variation of the flow rate. Accuracy of better than 0.5 percent can be expected for feedwater flow measurement, providing that the system can be stabilized during the test. This methodology is applicable to other flow systems well.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2004년도 춘계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.49-55
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• 2004

This paper addresses a numerical simulation of the flow and heat transfer in a simplified model of helically coiled tube steam generator using a general purpose computational fluid dynamic analysis computer code. The steam generator model is comprised of a cylindrical shell and helically coiled tubes. A cold feed water entered the tubes is heated up, evaporates. and finally become a superheated steam with a large amount of heat transferred continuously from the hot compressed water at higher pressure flowing counter-currently through the shell side. For the calculation of tube side two-phase flow field formed by boiling, inhomogeneous two-fluid model is used. Both the internal and external turbulent flows are simulated using the standard k-e model. The conjugate heat transfer analysis method is employed to calculate the conduction in the tube wall with finite thickness and the convections in the internal and external fluids simultaneously so as to match the fluid-wall-fluid interface conditions properly. The numerical calculations are peformed for helically coiled tubes of steam generator at an integral type pressurized water reactor under normal operation. The effects of tube-side inlet flow velocity are discussed in details. The results of present numerical simulation are considered to be physically plausible based on the data and knowledge from previous experimental and numerical studies where available.