• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.7-34
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• 2018

Finding distinguishing characteristics of Southeast Asia has proven to be a significant challenge: by focusing on the encounters which primarily colonial British writers had with the region's state rulers, it becomes possible to recover the early conceptualizations of regional governance. The writings of Henry Yule, Anna Leonowens, Sir George Scott, and Hugh Clifford all document the "orientalist" features of Western discourses because these writers at once were affected by it as they contributed to it. The discourse about royalty and rulers was central to many of the tropes associated with orientalism, but also with 'ornamentalism'. David Cannadine has shown that ornamentalism (in which British conceptualized many imperial practices in relation to their own hierarchical conceptions of society) was as critical a feature of imperial outlook as was orientalism. The need to understand ruling elites was at the heart of the imperialist project. Tracing the ways in which colonizing powers represented the region's ruling elite offers a new avenue for recognizing the affinities of the regional experience. Beyond orientalism, the paper explores questions about the representation and presentation of authority. Understanding the conceptualizations of rulers is connected to the comprehension of social organization-including representations of "traditional society."

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2020.11a
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• pp.183-186
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• 2020

방대한 비디오 데이터의 지능형 분석을 수행하는 기계를 위한 비디오 부호화 기술의 필요성이 대두되면서 MPEG 에서는 VCM(Video Coding for Machine) 표준화를 시작하였다. VCM 은 지능형 머신(machine)의 임무 수행을 위한 비디오 또는 비디오 특징(feature)의 압축 표준 기술로 기술 탐색 단계의 표준화를 진행하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 머신비전(machine vision) 네트워크에서 추출되는 대용량의 특징 압축을 위한 전처리 단계로 보다 효과적인 특징 표현 방법을 제시한다. 제안하는 특징 표현 방법은 정규화, 양자화 과정을 거쳐 특징 데이터 크기를 감소시킨다. 실험에서 특징을 4 개의 값으로 양자화 했을 때, 원본 대비 16 배의 데이터 크기가 감소되지만 mAP 평가 성능은 35.4592 로 높은 수준으로 유지함을 확인하였다.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.557-560
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• 2023

In this paper, we introduce a pre-training method leveraging the capabilities of the Vision Transformer (ViT) for disease diagnosis in conventional Fundus images. Recognizing the need for effective representation learning in medical images, our method combines the Vision Transformer with a Masked Autoencoder to generate meaningful and pertinent image augmentations. During pre-training, the Masked Autoencoder produces an altered version of the original image, which serves as a positive pair. The Vision Transformer then employs contrastive learning techniques with this image pair to refine its weight parameters. Our experiments demonstrate that this dual-model approach harnesses the strengths of both the ViT and the Masked Autoencoder, resulting in robust and clinically relevant feature embeddings. Preliminary results suggest significant improvements in diagnostic accuracy, underscoring the potential of our methodology in enhancing automated disease diagnosis in fundus imaging.

• Journal of Popular Narrative
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.175-209
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• 2020

This paper examines how the cinematic representation of the Japanese military "comfort women" stimulates 'imagination' in the realm of everyday life and in the memory of the masses, creating a common awareness and affect. The history of the Japanese military "comfort women" was hidden for a long time, and it was not until the 1990s that it entered the field of public recognition. Such a transition can be attributed to the external and internal chronopolitics that made possible the testimony of the victims and the discourse of the "comfort women" issue. It shows the peculiar status of the comfort women history as 'politics of time'. In the same vein, the cinematic representations of the Japanese military "comfort women" can be found in similar chronopolitics. The 'comfort women' films have shown the dual time frame of the continuity and discontinuity of the 'silence'. In Korean film history, the chronotope of the reproduction of "comfort women" can be divided into four phases: 1) the fictional representations of "comfort women" before the 1990s 2) documentaries in the late 1990s as the work of testimony and history writing, 3) melodramatic transformation in the feature films in the 2000s, and 4) the diffusion of media and categories. The purpose of this article is to focus on the first phase and the third phase in which the issue of 'comfort women' is represented in the category of popular fiction films. While the "comfort women" representations before 1990 were strictly adhering to the framework of commercial movies and pursued the sexual exploitation of "comfort women" history, the recent films since the 2000s are experimenting with various attempts in the style of popular imagination. Especially, the emergence of 'comfort women' feature films in the 2000s, such as Spirit's Homecoming, I Can Speak, and Herstory, raise various questions as to whether we are "properly" aware of issues and how to remember and present the "cultural memory" of comfort women. Also, focusing on the cinematic representation strategies of the 2000s "comfort women", this article discusses the popular politics of melodrama, the representation of victims and violence, and the feature of 'comfort women' as meta-memory. As a melodramatic imagination and meta-memory for the historical trauma, the "comfort women" drama shows the historical, political, and aesthetic gateways to which the "comfort women" problem must pass. As we have seen in recent fiction films, the issue of "comfort women" goes beyond transnational relations between Korea and Japan; it demands a postcolonial task to dismantle the old colonial structure and explores a transnational project in which women's movements and human rights movements are linked internationally.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.185-191
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• 1999

Mathematical morphology based on set theory has been applied to various areas in image processing. Pitas proposed a object recognition algorithm using Morphological Shape Decomposition(MSD), and a new representation scheme called Morphological Shape Representation(MSR). The Pitas's algorithm is a simple and adequate approach to recognize objects that are rotated 45 degree-units with respect to the model object. However, this recognition scheme fails in case of random rotation. This disadvantage may be compensated by defining small angle increments. However, this solution may greatly increase computational complexity because the smaller the step makes more number of rotations to be necessary. In this paper, we propose a new method for object recognition based on MSD. The first step of our method decomposes a binary shape into a union of simple binary shapes, and then a new tree structure is constructed which ran represent the relations of binary shapes in an object. finally, we obtain the feature informations invariant to the rotation, translation, and scaling from the tree and calculate matching scores using efficient matching measure. Because our method does not need to rotate the object to be tested, it could be more efficient than Pitas's one. MSR has an intricate structure so that it might be difficult to calculate matching scores even for a little complex object. But our tree has simpler structure than MSR, and easier to calculated the matchng score. We experimented 20 test images scaled, rotated, and translated versions of five kinds of automobile images. The simulation result using octagonal structure elements shows 95% correct recognition rate. The experimental results using approximated circular structure elements are examined. Also, the effect of noise on MSR scheme is considered.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.693-715
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• 2014

Stochastic processes are used to represent phenomena in many diverse fields. Numerical simulation method is widely applied for the solution to stochastic problems of complex structures when alternative analytical methods are not applicable. In some practical applications the stochastic processes show non-Gaussian properties. When the stochastic processes deviate significantly from Gaussian, techniques for their accurate simulation must be available. The various existing simulation methods of non-Gaussian stochastic processes generally can only simulate super-Gaussian stochastic processes with the high-peak characteristics. And these methodologies are usually complicated and time consuming, not sufficiently intuitive. By revealing the inherent coupling effect of the phase and amplitude part of discrete Fourier representation of random time series on the non-Gaussian features (such as skewness and kurtosis) through theoretical analysis and simulation experiments, this paper presents a novel approach for the simulation of non-Gaussian stochastic processes with the prescribed amplitude probability density function (PDF) and power spectral density (PSD) by amplitude modulation and phase reconstruction. As compared to previous spectral representation method using phase modulation to obtain a non-Gaussian amplitude distribution, this non-Gaussian phase reconstruction strategy is more straightforward and efficient, capable of simulating both super-Gaussian and sub-Gaussian stochastic processes. Another attractive feature of the method is that the whole process can be implemented efficiently using the Fast Fourier Transform. Cases studies demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed algorithm.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.469-478
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• 2000

On the advent of digital era, ECDIS has emerged as a new navigation aid that should result in significant benefits to safe navigation. More than simply a graphics display, ECDIS is a new concept navigation system capable of providing integrated information of geographical and texual data. As an official vector data for ECDIS, ENC consists of spatial and feature data to describe objects in form of points, lines and areas. IHO published International Standards for ENC, such as S-52(Specification for Chart Content and Display Aspects of ECDIS) and S-57(IHO Transfer Standard for Digital Hydrographic Data). This paper deals with the implementation of an ENC representation system which meets S-52 presentation specification and S-57 transfer standards by analyzing S-57 data structures and converting them to an appropriate internal data structures and representing them onto screen adopting S-52 presentation specification.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.237-257
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• 2001

This paper investigates the idiosyncratic understanding of universal quantifiers such as every, each or all by young children at the ages of 4 to 7, and argues that the phenomenon is explicable in terms of the maturation of both the cognitive system and the linguistic system. Evidence for this dual explanation comes from the fact that the visual input, a picture, plays a key role in determining the children’s conceptual representation, suggesting the need for the central integration of visual and linguistic elements; and from the fact that a quantifier in the linguistic input has an intrinsic property, i.e. a <+focus> feature. I have tried to explain the nature of the cognitive factors in terms of the function of the central system, suggesting a modified form of Smith & Tsimpli’s (1995) version of Fodor’s (1983) modularity hypothesis. Conceptual representations of two kinds are in competition with each other and they are integrated into a neutral LOT (Language of Thought) representation at some point . In the process of this integration, the representations from the visual input predominate over those from the auditory input, though the quantize. (treated as new information provided by the latter) is salient in the final representations. When visual conceptual representations predominate over purely linguistic ones, quantifier spreading errors occur. By contrast, when the relevant grammatical knowledge has developed sufficiently to counteract the conceptual representations, this peculiar behaviour by children should disappear. It is argued that children have to learn two kinds of grammatical fact with regard to universal quantification: (i) they have to learn the status of the quantifier as a functional head of DP so that it has to be positioned inside DP; and (ii) they have to learn the Left-Branch Condition which specifies that movement of an element in the left-branch position is possible only by pied-piping the entire phrase.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.146-150
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• 1999

On the advent of digital era, ECDIS has emerged as a new navigation aid that should result in significant benefits to safe navigation. More than simply a graphics display, ECDIS is a new concept navigation system capable of providing integrated information of geographical and texual data. As an official vector data for ECDIS, ENC consists of spatial and feature data to describe objects in form of points, lines and areas. IHO published International Standards for ENC, such as S-52(Specification for Chart Content and Display Aspects of ECDIS and S-57(IHO Transfer Standard for Digital Hydrographic Data). This paper deals with the implementation of an EUC representation system which meets S-52 presentation specification and S-57 transfer standards by analyzing S-57 data structures and converting then to an appropriate internal data structures and representing them onto screen adopting S-52 presentation specification.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.97-105
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• 2004

The reason that an intelligent agent cannot understand the representation of its own perception or activity is caused by the traditional syntactic approach that translates a semantic feature into a simulated string, To implement an autonomously learning intelligent agent, Cohen introduces a experimentally semantic approach that the system learns a contentful representation of physical schema from physically interacting with environment using its own sensors and effectors. We propose that negation is a meta-level schema that enables an agent to recognize its own physical schema, To improve the planner's efficiency, Graphplan introduces the control rule that manipulates the inconsistency between planning operators, but it cannot cognitively understand negation and suffers from redundancy problem. By introducing a negative function not, IPP solves the problem, but its approach is still syntactic and is inefficient in terms of time and space. In this paper, we propose that, to represent a negative fact, a positive atom, which is called opposite concept, is a very efficient technique for implementing an cognitive agent, and demonstrate some empirical results supporting the hypothesis.