• 한국사회복지학
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• 제68권4호
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• pp.75-96
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• 2016

본 연구는 접촉이론에 근거하여 정신장애인과의 다양한 접촉경험을 통한 친숙함이 두려움을 감소시키고, 돕고자 하는 의향을 증가시켜 차별을 의미 있게 감소시킬 수 있다는 가설을 설정하였다. 전국에서 표집된 성인 922명을 대상으로 조현병, 우울증, 알코올중독의 모의 사례 중 1사례를 무작위로 제시하였다. 가설검증을 위해, 제시된 해당사례에 대한 친숙함이 두려움(경로 1)과 도움의향(경로 2)을 매개로 차별에 대한 예측력을 Baron과 Kenny의 분석법을 활용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 조현병의 경우, 경로 1과 경로 2 모두 지지되어 조현병 사례에 대한 친숙함은 두려움을 감소시키고, 도움의향을 증가시켜 차별을 의미 있게 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 우울증의 경우, 경로 2만 지지되어 우울증 사례에 대한 친숙함은 도움의향을 증가시켜 차별을 의미 있게 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 알코올중독의 경우 친숙함이 차별을 의미 있게 예측하지 못해 정서의 매개효과 뿐만 아니라 직접 효과도 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 연구자들은 정신장애 유형별로 반낙인 전략이 달라져야 함을 주장하였다.

• 과학기술학연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.59-85
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• 2014

이 글은 생명과학기술의 또 다른 그늘로서 유전자차별의 사회학적 함의를 조명하기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 유전자차별과 관련된 주요개념과 세 가지 시각(예외주의, 표현주의, 인권적 담론)을 검토하고, 미국의 "유전자차별금지법(GINA)"과 우리나라 "생명윤리 및 안전에 관한 법"에 나타난 사회적 함의와 한계를 분석하였다. 또한 기존의 유전자차별에 대한 인식결과(차별인식, 차별경험, 차별의 두려움, 차별에 대한 대응)에 기반하여 향후 유전자차별의 연구 및 정책을 위한 몇 가지 함의를 제시하였다. 우선, 유전자차별에 대한 개념적 합의와 함께 인권주의 시각의 중요성이 요구된다. 둘째, 공적 영역뿐만 아니라 사적 영역에서의 차별에 대한 관심과 유전소인을 가진 인구집단의 시각을 반영한 연구가 필요하다. 셋째, 법제도적 장치뿐만 아니라 국민과 의료인들에게 유전자차별 의식을 고양하고, 유전소인을 가진 사람들을 위해 유전자차별의 두려움을 낮출 수 있는 심리사회적 대응방안이 개발되어야 한다.

• 음성과학
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2008

Various acoustic features were extracted and analyzed to estimate the inter- and intra-speaker variability of emotional speech. Tokens of vowel /a/ from sentences spoken with different modes of emotion (sadness, neutral, happiness, fear and anger) were analyzed. All of the acoustic features (fundamental frequency, spectral slope, HNR, H1-A1 and formant frequency) indicated greater contribution to inter- than intra-speaker variability across all emotions. Each acoustic feature of speech signal showed a different degree of contribution to speaker discrimination in different emotional modes. Sadness and neutral indicated greater speaker discrimination than other emotional modes (happiness, fear, anger in descending order of F-ratio). In other words, the speaker specificity was better represented in sadness and neutral than in happiness, fear and anger with any of the acoustic features.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.125-138
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• 2019

본 연구는 북한이탈주민의 자기효능감이 그들의 남한사회문화적응에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 살펴보았다. 이를 위하여 인천, 서울, 안산, 원주에 거주하는 북한이탈주민 209명을 대상으로 설문조사하였다. 연구결과 북한이탈주민은 남한사회에서 거주기간이 길어질수록, 연령이 낮아질수록 남한사회에 대한 언어나 문화적인 측면에서 이질감이 낮게 나타났다. 반면, 나이나 거주기간이 탈북이주민의 낮은 사회적 지위에 대한 지각, 차별감 및 편견을 극복하는데 사회적응에 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 북한이탈주민은 남한에 오랜 기간 거주해도 그들에 대한 차별감이나 편견을 극복하지 못하며 대부분 살아가고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 북한이탈주민이 남한사회에서 사회문화적응에 가장 높은 영향을 미치는 요인은 개인의 내적요인인 자기효능감임이 밝혀졌다. 이 자기효능감은 남한사회에서 사회문화적응뿐만 아니라 경제적 적응을 하기 위해 필요한 자신의 능력과 업무에 대한 유능감에 영향을 주어 그들이 사회현장에서 자신감을 가지고 생활하게 하며 이밖에 외부의 다양한 스트레스를 극복해 가면서 나아갈 수 있도록 작용하고 있음이 검증되었다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.243-253
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• 2023

Purpose: This study conducted a concept analysis to clarify the meaning of anxiety in hospitalized patients with infectious diseases who have been placed in isolation. Methods: This study used Walker and Avant's process of concept analysis. Results: Anxiety in hospitalized patients with infectious diseases who have been placed in isolation can be defined by the following attributes: 1) fear, 2) guilt, 3) isolation, 4) discrimination, 5) frustration, 6) shame, and 7) uncertainty. The antecedents of anxiety were as follows: 1) a lack of information about infectious diseases, 2) restrictions of movement, 3) blockage of the social support system, 4) helplessness, and 5) negative biases. The consequences of anxiety were 1) internalized stigma, 2) loss of confidence, 3) lack of social activities and avoidance, 4) insomnia, 5) poor quality of life. Conclusion: The definition and attributes of anxiety identified in this study can be applied to enhance the understanding of anxiety in hospitalized patients with infectious diseases who have been placed in isolation. Systematic suppose should also be provided to reduce anxiety in these patients.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Objective : To translate and adapt the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale into Korean and validate the Korean version of the social appearance anxiety scale, which measures the fear and anxiety about being negatively evaluated by others based on one's overall appearance, including body shape. Methods : For item translation and adaptation, six bilingual translators participated in the process of forward-adaptation and back-adaptation. Data were collected from undergraduate students. The sample size is 105 for Study 1 and 212 for Study 2. Classical item discrimination and difficulty analyses, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and reliability analysis were performed. Results : A unidimensional structure was found with a high internal consistency (Cronbach's α=0.95) and a high test-retest reliability (r=0.918). In addition, the concurrent validity was examined by correlations of the scale and several other scales measuring constructs related to social appearance anxiety. Conclusion : K-SAAS appears to be a reliable and valid scale for screening and assessing social appearance anxiety.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.312-324
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• 2021

Purpose: Tuberculosis is an infectious condition with a high disease burden, and the stigma in patients with tuberculosis causes negative health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to define and clarify the concept of self-stigma among patients with tuberculosis. Methods: The analysis was conducted using Walker and Avant's conceptual approach. Twenty-seven studies met the selection criteria. Results: Self-stigma in patients with tuberculosis can be defined by the following attributes: 1) self-esteem decrement; 2) fear; 3) negative emotions to oneself; 4) social withdrawal; and 5) discrimination. The antecedents identified were 1) inappropriate knowledge of tuberculosis, 2) spread of improper health information through media and social communications, 3) stereotypes and prejudices, 4) visibility due to symptoms appearing, 5) recognizing the risk of infection, and 6) low financial status. The consequences were 1) concealing the disease, 2) treatment delay, 3) poor treatment adherence, 4) poor quality of life, and 5) deterioration in or lack of social activities. Conclusion: The definition and attributes of self-stigma identified by this study can be applied to enhance the understanding of stigma in tuberculosis patients and to improve communications between healthcare providers and researchers. It can also be used to develop theories and measurements related to stigma in patients with tuberculosis.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.263-272
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• 2022

This study investigated small and medium-sized hospital workers' knowledge of COVID-19, the infection-control-related fatigue and stress levels, and the factors that impacted their performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a cross-sectional design, data were collected from 137 hospital workers from four small and medium-sized hospitals in S and C cities. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, a t-test, analysis of variance(ANOVA), Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression analysis. Small and medium-sized hospital workers' knowledge of COVID-19 revealed a correct answer rate of 66%. An average of 3.00 points out of 4 for infection control performance and 3.32 and 3.17 points out of 5 for infection-control-related fatigue and stress, respectively, were found. The level of knowledge regarding COVID-19 significantly differed by age and marriage (p<0.05), while infection control performance significantly differed by age, marriage, and infection control education experience (p<0.05). Infection-control-related fatigue and stress differed depending on the COVID-19 control education experience, economic and social prejudice, and fear of discrimination. There were positive correlations between knowledge and infection control performance, and infection control performance and infection-control-related fatigue and stress (p<0.001). This study showed that the factors that affected small and medium-sized hospital workers' performance included knowledge of "environmental management," "difficulties due to new role requirements," "presence or absence of infection education experience," "job type," and "age." These results suggest that practical and detailed education programs should be systematically developed and implemented for effective infection control.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.84-97
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• 2023

Background: The concept of high-impact chronic pain (HICP) has been proposed for patients with chronic pain who have significant limitations in work, social life, and personal care. Recognition of HICP and being able to distinguish patients with HICP from other chronic pain patients who do not have life interference allows the necessary measures to be taken in order to restore the physical and emotional functioning of the affected persons. The aim was to reveal the risk factors and predictors associated with HICP. Methods: Patients with chronic pain without life interference (grade 1 and 2) and patients with HICP were compared. Significant data were evaluated with regression analysis to reveal the associated risk factors. Receiving operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate predictors and present cutoff scores. Results: One thousand and six patients completed the study. From pain related cognitive processes, fear of pain (odds ratio [OR], 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87-0.98; P = 0.007) and helplessness (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.01-1.12; P = 0.018) were found to be risk factors associated with HICP. Predictors of HICP were evaluated by ROC analysis. The highest discrimination value was found for pain intensity (cut-off score > 6.5; 83.8% sensitive; 68.7% specific; area under the curve = 0.823; P < 0.001). Conclusions: This is the first study in our geography to evaluate HICP with measurement tools that evaluate all dimensions of pain. Moreover, it is the first study in the literature to evaluate predictors and cut-off scores using ROC analysis for HICP.

• 한국보건간호학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국보건간호학회 2002년도 제27회 보건종합학술대회
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• pp.224-227
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• 2002

Alcoholism affects not only the individuals who depend on it, but also their families. Children who have an alcohol dependent parent have various problems and need help, but little attention has been given to them. Many references report only negative characteristics of these children. In order to help the children of alcohol dependent parents, health professionals need more information. A wholistic understanding and analysis of these children is needed as a basis for the development of suitable programs of help them. A phenomenological methodology was used to identify the experience of children whose fathers were addicted to alcohol. The findings portray the essence of the lived experience of children of alcohol dependent fathers. Nine adolescents participated in in-depth inverviews and observation with the researcher, done between October and December 2001. The data were recorded on audio tape and transcribed. Sampling was continued until the data were theorectically saturated. The Colaizzi's method was used for data analysis. The results of this study are as follows. Three themes and twenty six meanings were identified. The first theme is Living Alone: living abusively as partner to an alcohol dependent father, living dangerously like an explosive fury, living as an object that ha no self, living with rejection of fatherly being, living with felt responsibility but having no power to help mother who suffers patiently with pain and abuse, living along with no shoulder to lean on, and living with the prejudice of sex discrimination. The second theme is Paradoxical Coping in Life. The meanings are obsessive behavior as a way to control father's behavior, always on the defensive due to anxiety and tension, being afraid of life alone due to paranoid thoughts, contradictory expectation about father's drinking behavior due to life with chronic tension, stress becoming familiar and life being boring and tendious without stimulation, life that is fake and filled with misinterpretations about reality, affection sought from others due to loneliness, compensatory life within peer group, negative expectation about the future due to negative experiences, controling others to protect ego, denial of real emotion to protect self from hurt, life of regretting self, and strong need for approval from others. The third theme is sustaining life. The meanings are ambivalence between revenge on father and pity, struggle for desirable self against fear of gather-like image, understanding father through self reflection, hope to find fatherly being through father's recovery, being able to stand through emotional control and cognitive restructuring, nurturing the seed of hope for the future while in a situation of desperation. The contribution of this study is to give a wholistic understanding of the empirical reality of children of alcohol dependent parents and to develop substantive theory in nursing knowledge. In nursing practice, the results of this study can provide a foundation for the development of programs for children of alcohol dependent parents.