• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2009년도 제38회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.53-53
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• 2010

Car industry has required light-weight steels, but still with strong mechanical strength. To meet this requirement, a variety of researches on Fe-Al alloys have been performed. As Al is being added in a disordered manner, alloys become more ductile and show higher yield stress. At a certain concentration of Al, however, the Fe-Al alloy system falls in a second phase whose mechanical strength is worsened. To understand the microscopic role of Al, we investigate the stability and the elastic properties of various Fe-Al alloys using ab initio density functional theory. At agiven Al concentration, the equilibrium geometry is obtained among several disordered Fe-Al alloy structures by performing the geometry relaxation. The formation energies and elastic properties such as bulk moduli of the equilibrium structures are also computed as a function of Al concentration. We also investigate the effects of different elements such as Si and Mn. Fe-Si alloy systems exhibit unusual mechanical behaviors requiring further investigation to understand their physical origin. Especially, the microscopic role of Mn is investigated to find its physical origin of preventing the Fe-Al alloy system from forming an unfavorable second phase. The effect of manganese on mechanical properties of Fe-based alloys is also explored.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.46-51
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• 1999

A solid-HDDR characteristics of the Nd-Fe-B-type alloys magnetic properties of the solid-HDDR treated materials have been investigated using three types of alloys; $Nd_{15}Fe_{77}B_8 (alloy A), Nd_{16}Fe_{75.9}B_8Zr_{0.1}(alloy B), and Nd_{12.6}Fe_{68.7}Co_{11.6}B_8Ga_{1.0}Zr_{0.1} $(alloy C). It has been found that the four-components alloy B and six-components alloy C have showed higher hydrogenation temperatures than the ternary alloy A. The alloys A and B appeared to absorb more hydrogen gas more rapidly as well compared to the alloy C. The disproportionation temperature of hydrogenated materials was exhibited no significant difference among the alloys. The thermal stability of the hydrided materials of the three types of alloys was found to become more stable in order of number of components. The disproportionation and the recombination kinetics were significantly sluggish in the solid-HDDR manner with respect to the conventional manner. Some degree of anisotropic nature was found to exist in the ingot and this anisotropic nature was retained even after the solid-HDDR treatment. It was suggested the solid-HDDR treatment may possibly be used for a preparation of an isotropic or anisotropic Nd-Fe-B-type cast magnets.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.158-161
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• 2008

It is well known that iron is one of the most common impurity elements found in aluminum and its alloys. Iron in the aluminum forms an intermetallic compounds such as $FeAl_3$. The $FeAl_3$ particles on the aluminum surface are one of the most detrimental phases to the corrosion process and anodizing procedure for aluminum and its alloys. Trial and error surface treatment will be carried out to find the preferential and effective removal of $FeAl_3$ particles on the surfaces without dissolution of aluminum matrix around the particles. One of the preferable surface treatments for the aim of getting $FeAl_3$ free surface was an electrochemical treatment such as cathodic current density of $-2kAm^{-2}$ in a 20-30 mass% $HNO_3$ solution for the period of 300s. The corrosion characteristics of aluminum surface with $FeAl_3$ free particles are examined in a $0.1kmol/m^3$ NaCl solution. It is found that aluminum with free $FeAl_3$ particles shows higher corrosion resistance than aluminum with $FeAl_3$ particles.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.34-40
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• 2002

고에너지 Nd-Fe-B 소결자석 제조용 strip-cast 합금의 미세조직 개선을 위하여, Nd-Fe-B 합금을 다양한 조건하에서 strip casting법으로 제조한 후, 제조 조건이 상 형성, 상 분포 및 조직 형성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 냉각속도 즉, wheel speed가 5 m/s 이하일 때 고특성 소결자석 제조에 적합한 미세조직을 갖는 Strip 합금들을 제조할 수 있었으며, 이때의 한계 조성은 Nd$_{14}$Fe$_{79}$B$_{7}$ 정도로 추정되었다. 또한 조성에 상관없이 5 m/s 이하에서는 strip 표면에 수직한 방향으로 <001> preferred orientation이 발생하였는데, 이것은 궁극적으로 합금의 분쇄.성형시 결정립 배향도 향상에 유리하게 작용할 것으로 보인다. 한편 냉각속도가 증가할수록 Nd$_2$Fe$_{14}$B 결정립의 미세화로 인하여 보자력이 증가하였으나, Nd 함량이 감소할 경우 $\alpha$-Fe 정출의 증가로 인하여 보자력이 감소하였다.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.277-283
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• 1993

세개의 오스테 나이트계의 Fe-Cr-Ni 스테인레스 합금강들의 DC 자화율의 온도의존성을 4.2-300 K 온도영역에서 측정하였다. 측정결과 두개의 합금강들은 two-magnetic-phase 모델(spin glass와 초상자성)을 만족하였으며 나머지 하나는 자기적 2중 천이현상을 나타내었다. 또한 Ni/Cr의 비가 증가할수록 자화율의 최 대값이 증가하고 이 값을 나타내는 온도는 감소하였다.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 1996

An externally applied magnetic field during heat treating the $Nd_2Fe_{14}B/Fe_3B$ based spring magnet was found to enhance the exchange coupling between the hard and soft magnetic grains. More than 30% increase in $M_r/M_s$ values for melt-spun $Nd_2Fe_{73.5}Co_3$$(Hf_{1-x}Ga_x)B_{18.5}$ (x=0, 0.5, 1) alloys was resulted from a uniform distribution of $Fe_3B, \alpha-Fe$ and $Nd_2Fe_{14}B$ phases, and also from a reduced grain size of those phases by 20%. The externally applied magnetic field induced a uniform distribution of fine grains. A study of Mossbauer effect also report that the enhancement of total magnetization of nanocomposite $Nd_2Fe_{14}B/Fe_3B$ alloys is attributed to an increased formation of $Fe_3$B after magnetic annealing.

• Metals and materials international
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.1213-1220
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• 2018

The effects of Cr and Fe addition on the mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloys prepared by direct energy deposition were investigated. As the Cr and Fe concentrations were increased from 0 to 2 mass%, the tensile strength increased because of the fine-grained equiaxed prior ${\beta}$ phase and martensite. An excellent combination of strength and ductility was obtained in these alloys. When the Cr and Fe concentrations were increased to 4 mass%, extremely fine-grained martensitic structures with poor ductility were obtained. In addition, Fe-added Ti-6Al-4V resulted in a partially melted Ti-6Al-4V powder because of the large difference between the melting temperatures of the Fe eutectic phase (Ti-33Fe) and the Ti-6Al-4V powder, which induced the formation of a thick liquid layer surrounding Ti-6Al-4V. The ductility of Fe-added Ti-6Al-4V was thus poorer than that of Cr-added Ti-6Al-4V.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.173-179
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• 1997

급속응고(melt spinning)법이 Fe-Nd-C의 경우와 마찬가지로 보자력이 높은 Fe-Pr-C 합금을 얻는데에 효과적인지 알아보기 위하여, 급속응고된 Fe-Pr-C 리본에 대하여 냉각속도 및 열처리의 변화에 따른 상, 미세조직 및 자기특성의 변화를 조사하였다. 냉각속도(wheel speed)가 증가할수록 as-spun 리본의 비정질화가 증가하여 40m/s에서 제조된 리본합금은 거의 비정질화하였다. 10m/s에서 제조된 결정질 리본의 상분포는 주소상태의 상분포와 유사하여 .alpha. -Fe가 일차상, Fe$_{17}$Pr$_{2}$C$_{x}$가 이차상으로 존재하였다. 20m/s에서도 결정질이 우세하게 나타나나, 이때에는 .alpha. -Fe의 정출이 약간 억제되는 반면 Fe$_{17}$Pr$_{2}$C$_{x}$의 정출이 현저하였으며, 30m/s에서는 비정질이 우세하여 소량의 결정질만이 존재하였다. 따라서 강자성 Fe$_{14}$Pr$_{2}$C 상은 as-spun 상태에서는 존재하지 않거나 미량이었으며, 주조합금의 경우와 마찬가지로 고상변태를 통해서 얻을 수 있었다. 일반적으로 as-spun리본이 비정질화할수록 비교적 낮은 온도에서 수분의 열처리만으로 완전한 Fe$_{14}$Pr$_{2}$C 상을 얻을 수 있었으며, 결정화가 완벽할수록 Fe$_{14}$Pr$_{2}$C를 얻기 위한 열처리 시간은 증가하였다. 이와 같이 얻은 Fe$_{14}$Pr$_{2}$C는 대부분 1 .mu. m 이하의 미세한 결정립을 가지고 있었으며, as-spun 리본의 비정질화가 완벽한 경우보다 덜 완벽한 경우(30m/s) 또는 결정질과 약간의 비정질이 혼합된 경우 (20m/s)에 열처리에 의한 보자력의 향상이 뚜렷하였다. 일반적으로 변태온도 구역안에서 열처리 온도가 높을수록 10분 이하의 짧은 열처리가 보자력의 향상에 효과적이었다.이었다.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.427-431
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• 1995

The influence of Nd and B contents on the magnetic properties and structures of ${\alpha}-Fe$ based Nd-(Fe,Co)-B-Mo-Cu alloys was investigated. $Nd_{4}{(Fe_{0.9}Co_{0.1})}_{92-x}B_{x}Mo_{3}Cu_{1}$ and $Nd_{x}{(Fe_{0.9}Co_{0.1})}_{86-x}B_{10}Mo_{3}Cu_{1}$ amorphous alloys prepared by rapid solidification process were crystallized to form nanocrystalline structure. The increase of B content in $Nd_{4}{(Fe_{0.9}Co_{0.1})}_{92-x}B_{x}Mo_{3}Cu_{1}$ nanocrystalline resulted in the change of stucture of soft phase in the sequence of ${\alpha}-Fe$->${\alpha}-Fe+Fe_{3}B$->$Fe_{3}B$. The coercivitis of the alloys were increased with increasing B content and was 263 kA/m at x=18. On the contrary, the remanence has shown an opposite trends. The increase of Nd content in $Nd_{x}{(Fe_{0.9}Co_{0.1})}_{86-x}B_{10}Mo_{3}Cu_{1}$ nanocrystalline containing ${\alpha}-Fe$ as main phase had no effect on the structure and improved coercivity up to 256 kA/m. However, the remanence was decreased from 1.4 T to 1.15 T according to the increase of Nd content.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2014

We report the correlation between the magnetic properties and lattice parameter of $Fe_xCo_{100-x}$ alloys as a function of constituent concentration. The saturation magnetization increases with Fe content and has a maximum value at approximately x=70 at.%. However, collapse in relative saturation magnetization is observed at approximately 30 at.% to 70 at.% of Fe in $Fe_xCo_{100-x}$ alloys. The collapse is due to the formation of Co-Co and Fe-Fe antibonding states instead of Fe-Co bonds. The lattice parameter also shrinks at approximately 30 at.% to 70 at.% of Fe. This shrinkage is due to an increase in the number of nearest neighbor antisite atoms, which then leads to a decrease in the long range order parameter.