• Title/Summary/Keyword: Fatty acid compositions

Search Result 679, Processing Time 0.024 seconds

Effects of Soy Protein Concentrate and Age on Plasma Lipids and Phospholipid Fatty Acid Patterns in Female Rats (콩 단백 성분 및 연령이 암컷 흰쥐의 혈장 지질 농도와 인지질 지방산 패턴에 미치는 영향)

  • 정은정;김수연;김지영;안지영;박정화;차명화;이양자
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
    • /
    • v.32 no.2
    • /
    • pp.269-277
    • /
    • 2003
  • Effects of soy protein concentrate (SPC) containing isoflavone and casein diets on plasma phospholipid (PLs)-fatty acid patterns were investigated in 7-& 40- wk old female rats. Diets containing 16% SPC (soy/young:SY, soy/old: SO) and casein (casein/young : CY, casein/ old: CO) supplemented with 0.5% cholesterol were fed for 4 wks. Fatty acid compositions of plasma PLs were determined by TLC and GLC. Compared to the dietary protein effects, age effects on serum lipids were more profound. The levels of total cholesterol (Chol.), triglyceride, HDL-Chol., (LDL+VLDL)-Chol. and atherogenic index (AI) were higher in older groups (OC & OS) than younger groups (YC &. YS). Soy groups had higher Ell)L-Chol. level and lower (LDL+ VLDL)-Chol. and AI, compared with casein groups. The compositions of C22:0, Cl8:1 $\omega$9 and sum of MUFA in plasma PLs were significantly higher in casein group (CY & CO) than soy group (SY & SO), but those of sum of SFA were higher in soy group. The compositions of C22:0, Cl8:1 $\omega$9, C22:1, Cl8:3$\omega$3 and C22:4$\omega$6 were higher and those of C22:6$\omega$3, sum of $\omega$3, Cl8: 2$\omega$6 C20:4$\omega$6, sum of $\omega$6 and sum of PUFA were lower in plasma PLs of younger rats. The average P/S and $\omega$3/$\omega$6 ratio in older group was higher. The $\Delta$-7 desaturation index (16:0⇒16:1$\omega$7) and $\Delta$-9 desaturation index (18:0⇒18:1$\omega$9) were lower in soy group than casein group, while $\Delta$-6 and $\Delta$-5 desaturation index were not affected by dietary protein. The $\Delta$-4 desaturation index (22:4$\omega$6⇒22:5$\omega$6) were higher and elongation index (20:4$\omega$6⇒22:4$\omega$6) were lower in older group. The ratio of the products of $\omega$3 fatty acid series (Cl8:3) was significantly higher in older group, which indicated that age affected the plasma PUFA metabolism. On the other hand, older rats had higher serum cholesterol level compared with younger rats. Taken together, these changes in fatty acid composition might cause minimal changes in tile membrane fluidity induced by the increase serum cholesterol level.

A Comparative Study on the Dietary Attitudes and Nutritional Status of Preschoolers in Different Income Levels in Seoul and Kyunggi-Do: 2. Focusing on Preschoolers' Nutrients and Fatty Acid Intakes (서울과 경기 일부지역의 소득수준별 미취학 아동의 식생활 태도 및 영양상태에 관한 비교 연구: 2. 영양소 및 지방산 섭취실태를 중심으로)

  • Chung, Eun-Jung;Nam, Hae-Won;Um, Young-Sook
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
    • /
    • v.13 no.4
    • /
    • pp.293-305
    • /
    • 1998
  • According to economical status, under-nutrition and over-nutrition coexist in preschool children in Korea. Subjects consumed more than RDA in most nutrients, and children in of the upper income class tended to have more nutrients than those of the low income class. Especially in case of energy, protein, fat, vitamin $B_2$, and P there were significant differences among the different classes. The mean calorie compositions of carbohydrates, protein and fat were $57{\sim}59:\;16{\sim}17:\;26{\sim}27$ and fat calorie percentage was higher than quantity recommended for Korean adults. Energy, protein, Fe, vitamin A, $B_1$ and C intakes were taken mostly from plant food sources. In the upper income class group, intakes of protein and vitamin $B_2$ from animal food sources were higher than in any other income classes. Intakes of iron, vitamin A, $B_1$ and C were largely provided by plant food group. Especially 44-45% of vitamin A were taken from vegetable and fruits group, which indicated that about 50% of vitamin A intake was the form of ${\beta}-carotene$. Also compared with other groups, in the upper income class group, the intakes of energy, protein, Ca, p, vitamin $B_1$ and vitamin $B_2$ from cereal and potatoes were significantly lower, and those of Ca and P from milks and meats, fishes & eggs were significantly higher(p<0.05). The mean fat intake in all subjects was $38{\sim}43g/day$. Regardless of income class, oleic acid($6.6{\sim}8.4g$) and linoleic acid($6.7{\sim}8.1g$) were the most abundant fatty acids contained in the diet. The upper class group consumed significantly more total saturated fatty acids and total monounsaturated fatty acids(p<0.05). In polyunsaturated fatty acids, there were no differences between 3 different income classes, but intakes of total ${\omega}6$ fatty acids in the upper class tended to be higher and those of total o3 fatty acids in low class tended to be higher. Therefore, ${\omega}6/{\omega}3$ tended to be higher in the upper class group. Regardless of income classes, P/M/S and ${\omega}6/{\omega}3$ ratios in all subjects were $0.9{\sim}l.3/1.0{\sim}1.1/1.0$ and $5.2{\sim}7.4/1.0$, respectively and were in a desirable range. Cholesterol intake of subject was 184-218 mg/day, which was comparable to the value of Korean adult intake.

  • PDF

Physicochemical Comparison of Two Different Shark Meats Used for Preparation of Dombaeki (돔배기용 상어육의 이화학적 성분 비교)

  • Kim, Eun-Ok;Yu, Myeong-Hwa;Lee, Ki-Teak;Kim, Seon-Bong;Choi, Sang-Won
    • Food Science and Preservation
    • /
    • v.15 no.5
    • /
    • pp.711-718
    • /
    • 2008
  • Dombaeki, a traditional salted shark meat, has been widely used as a customary religious food in the Daegu-Gyeongbuk area of Korea. Two different sharks, Sphyrna zygaena (SZ) and Isurus oxyrinchus (IO) are traditionally used to prepare Dombaeki. Chemical components, lipid classes, fatty acid levels, and sterol compositions of meats prepared from the two sharks were investigated. There were no significant differences in chemical composition between the two dried shark meats. Major amino acids in shark meat were leucine, lysine, arginine, proline, isoleucine, valine, phenylalanine, glutamic acid, and asparagine, which together accounted for about 40% of total amino acids. Levels of amino acids in IO meat were higher than in SZ meat. Major fatty acids in the two shark meats were palmitic ($C_{16:0}$), stearic ($C_{18:0}$), oleic ($C_{18:1}$), arachidonic ($C_{20:4}$), and docosahexanoic (DHA, $C_{22:6}$) acids, which accounted for about 80% of total fatty acids. Notably, IO meat showed higher amounts of DHA (31.8%) and eicosapentanoic acid (EPA, 1.8%) than did SZ meat. The two shark meats showed similar dry weight levels of total lipids, with triacylglycerols, free fatty acids, sterols, and phospholipidscomprising on average 5.0, 2.0, 13.0 and 63.0% of total lipids, respectively. The dominant classes of phospholipids were mainly phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). PC content in the two shark meats was higher than that of PE, although the differencewas not great. The major fatty acids in phospholipids were myristic, palmitoleic, stearic, and docosanoic acids. Total volatile basic nitrogen content and the pH of SZ meat were lower than those of IO meat, whereas the Hunter's 'a' and 'b' values of SZ meat were higher than those of IO meat. These results suggest that shark meat may be useful as a functional food to prevent several degenerative diseases.

Serum Phospholipid Fatty Acids in Benign Breast Tumor and Breast Cancer (양성 유방 종양과 유방암 환자의 혈청 인지질 지방산 조성)

  • Shim, Eu-Gene;Ahn, Sei-Hyun;Hwang, You-Jeong;Leekim, Yang-Cha
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
    • /
    • v.42 no.3
    • /
    • pp.213-220
    • /
    • 2009
  • Studies on the relationship between blood fatty acids and the risk of breast cancer have not yielded definite conclusions. The role of fatty acids in the development and progression of breast cancer is unclear. We conducted a case-control study to determine serum phospholipid fatty acid composition in benign breast tumor and breast cancer. Subjects consisted of 27 benign breast tumor and 68 breast cancer patients, and 28 matched controls. The levels of fatty acids were measured by gas chromatography. Higher arachidonic and palmitic acids were observed in breast cancer patients as compared with control and benign breast tumor patients. The percentage of total saturated fatty acids in breast cancer was higher than in control and benign breast tumor patients. The level of stearic acid was lower in benign breast tumor and breast cancer patients. Saturation index, the ratio of stearic to oleic acid, was lower in benign breast tumor and breast cancer patients compared to the control. Moreover, stearic acid was negatively and arachidonic acid was positively correlated with the cancer stage. In conclusion, our results support that serum phospholipid compositions of specific fatty acids are associated with the risk of benign breast tumor as well as breast cancer. Further studies are necessary to investigate mechanisms linked to the breast cancer etiology.

Studies on the Lipid Components of Korean Rapeseed Oil (한국산(韓國産) 평지씨 기름의 지방질(脂肪質) 성분(成分)에 관한 연구)

  • Kang, Sook;Lee, Kang-Hyon;Shin, Hyo-Sun
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.12 no.2
    • /
    • pp.115-121
    • /
    • 1980
  • The oils extracted with n-hexane from 6 samples of rapeseed (5 Korean samples and 1 Canadian sample) and samples of rapeseed salad oil at the market in Korea were examined. The physical and chemical characteristics of the oils were determined, and the lipid components of the oils were determined by column, thin layer-and gas liquid chromatography. The results obtained were as follows 1. The average crude fat contents in rapeseed was 43.3 % and the content of Korean was higher than that of Canadian by about 3 %. 2. The average values of specific gravity-, refractive-index, saponification value, iodine value, acid value and nonsaponifiable content of the crude oils extracted from Korean rapeseed were 0.9133, 1.4726, 103.6, 0.51 and 1.17%, respectively. 3. The average content of polar and nonpolar in total lipids were 2.7 % and 97.3 % respectively. Triglyceride was the predominant in nonpolar fraction, averaging 92.7 % of total lipids while sterol esters and diglycerides constituted 1.5 % and 1.2 % of the total. Monoglycerides, free fatty acids and free sterols were minor components of the nonpolar fraction. The polar lipids were primarily phospholipids(1.8%), but a significant amount of glycolipid (0.7%) was also found in each oil. 4. The fatty acid compositions in the total lipids showed the Korean rapeseeds averaged 46.7 % erucic, 15 % oleic, 13.4 % linoleic, 9.3 % eicosenoic and 4.3 % palmitic acids. The Canadian rapeseed, however, contained only 0.7 % of erucic acid. 5. The fatty acid compositions in nonpolar lipid fractions was similar to the pattern in those of the total lipids. But phospholipid and glycolipid fractions were lower in erucic acid content than nonpolar lipid fractions.

  • PDF

Influence of Filler and Cure Systems on Whitening of EPDM Composites by Formation of Metal Salt (충전 시스템과 가교 시스템이 금속염 형성에 의한 EPDM 복합체의 백화에 미치는 영향)

  • Chung, Hye-Seung;Choi, Sung-Seen
    • Elastomers and Composites
    • /
    • v.47 no.3
    • /
    • pp.210-215
    • /
    • 2012
  • Whitening phenomena of the EPDM composites with different inorganic filler compositions which were aged at $90^{\circ}C$ for 7 days in air and tap water atmospheres, respectively, were investigated. The aged samples in tap water containing stearic acid exhibited severe whitening phenomena, while all the samples aged in air did not show any whitening. Depending on the filler compositions, there was no big difference in the whitening phenomena. The whitening materials were analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), image analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The whitening materials were identified to be salts of stearic acid. The salts of stearic acid were formed by reaction of metal cation in tap water and stearic acid in the sample.

Studies on the Manufacture of Undaria pinnatifida Laver and It's Physicochemical Properties -II. Chemical Composition- (미역김의 제조와 이화학적 특성에 관한 연구 -제 2 보 : 미역김의 조성-)

  • Kim, Kil-Hwan;Kim, Chang-Sik
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.15 no.3
    • /
    • pp.277-281
    • /
    • 1983
  • The chemical composition of Undaria pinnatifida Laver (U.P. Laver) were determind. 1. Proximate compositions of U.P. Laver were 22.1% crude protein, 1.3% crude fat, 10.2% crude ash, 66.4% N.F.E, 3 0% crude fiber and 22.8% alginic acid. 2. U.P. Laver protein was chiefly composed of glutamic acid (3.24%) and aspartic acid (2.22%) and considerable quantities of leucine (1.98%), alanine (1.56%), valine (1.32%), lysine (1.22%) and phenylalanine (1.15%). 3. The major fatty acid contents of the lipid extracted from U.P. Laver were linolenic acid (45.2%), palmitic acid (26.14%) and linoleic acid (11.27%) and the minor fatty acid were myristic acid (8.41%), oleic acid (8.11%), and stearic acid (0.87%), respectively. The saturated and unsaturated fatty acid ratio of the oil extracted from U.P. Laver was 35.42/64.58 4. The vitamin contents of U. P. Laver were $28.1{\mu}g/g$ niacin, $25.0{\mu}g/g$ vit. E, $18.8{\mu}g/g$ vit. C. The minerals were composed 1.52% calcium, 0.32% phosphorus, 0.88% magnesium, 0.49% potassium and the others were small quantities.

  • PDF

Comparision of Chemical Compositions between Cultured and Wild Fishes (1) Comparision between Cultured and Wild Eel Lipids (양식 및 천연산 어류의 화학성분에 관한 연구 1) 양식 및 천연산 뱀장어의 지질성분)

  • KIM Kyong-Sam;OK Kwans-Soo;LEE Eung-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
    • /
    • v.17 no.6
    • /
    • pp.506-510
    • /
    • 1984
  • The muscle lipids of cultured and wild eel, Anguilla japonica, were analysed by gas chromatography for fatty acid compositions of total lipid(TL), neutral lipid(NL), phospholipid(PL) and glycolipid(GL). And high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) patterns of NL were analysed by HPLC. The lipid contents of dorsal muscle of cultured fish are slightly lower than that of wild fish. The contents of TL, NL and PL of wild fish were similar to those of cultured fish, while GL content of wild fish was higher than that of cultured one. In the fatty acid compositions of TL, NL and PL, percentages of $C_{16:0},\;C_{18:1}\;and\;C_{22:6}$ in cultured fish are higher than these in wild one, while percentage of $C_{16:1}$ is lower. Elution patterns in HPLC of NL of wild and cultured eel were slightly different.

  • PDF

Research and Development on the Traditional Fishery fermented Foods - Chemical composition of Helice tridens tientsinensis preserved in Brine - (한국 전통수산발효식품의 연구 및 개발 - 갈게(Helice tridens tientsinensis)장의 화학적 성분)

  • Choe, Sun-Nam;Kim, Jong-Bae;Yun, Sang-Sik
    • Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
    • /
    • v.18 no.3
    • /
    • pp.209-217
    • /
    • 2006
  • In this study, chemical compositions of Helice tridens tientsinensis(Htt, sea crab) and changes of chemical compositions in fermented sea crab tested according to different storage days(10, 16, 20, 25, 29, 55, 61, 67). The average amount of chemical compositions in raw Htt, it contains 77.12% of moisture, 1.96% of ash, 18.93% of crude protein, 0.26% of crude lipid. During storage time the amount of moisture and crude protein decreased, but crude lipid and ash increased. The amount of volatile basic nitrogen in Htt showed 6.56 mg/100g. The fermented sea crab in brine stored at the temperature of $5^{\circ}C$ showed 23.72 mg/100g of freshness even after 55 days. It showed first stage of decomposition(31.69 mg/100g) after 61 days. it is most efficient to store fermented sea crab at a low temperature. The amount of free amino acid composition in fresh Htt, was measured as follow ;arginine(1140.88 mg/100g), alanine(311.26 mg/100g), prorine(214.63 mg/100g), serine(113.56 mg/100g), taurine(90.80 mg/100g). The amount of amino acid in fermented sea crab increased as the storage days increased. Fatty acid contents in fresh Htt showed the largest amount of erucic acid (27.39 area%) and pentadecenoic acid (19.44 area%), oleic acid (17.68 area%), palmitic acid (11.00 area%), stearic acid (6.89 area%), and elaidic acid (6.15 area%) in order. In fermented sea crab, a small change was noticed in quantity, but the obvious increased composions were palmitoleic and heneicosanoic acid etc.

Comparison of Lipid Composition of Rice Varieties with the Different Sensory Quality (관능적 식미 특성이 다른 쌀 품종의 지질 조성 비교)

  • 김인호;박광희;신명곤;김현정;이상효
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
    • /
    • v.25 no.5
    • /
    • pp.727-734
    • /
    • 1996
  • Lipid composition was compared among rice varities such Dongjin, Jinmi and Tamjin as high, medium and low sensory quality, respectively Total and purified lipid contents of Jinmi were 1.7~2.2 times higher than those of Dongjin and Tamjin, and the lipid contents had not showed a tendency in the rice varieties with different sensory quality Dongjin of high sensory quality had high contents as 9.2~13.5% of neutral lipid and 3.1~4.7% of phospholipid, and low content as 12.3~18.2% of glycolipid compared with Jinmi and Tamjin of medium and low sensory quality. The rice varieties had not showed a tendency as a difference of sensory quality in compositions of neutral and phospholipid. As the sensory quality increased in the rice varieties, monogalactosyl diglycerides, steryl glycosides had high contents as 0.4~19.24% and 14.4~17.1%, and esterified steryl glycosides, celebrosides and digalactosyl diglycerides had low contents 15.3~28.1%, 1.2~5.7% and 2.8~3.8%, respectively, in glycolipid. Fatty acid composition also had no tendency as a difference of sensory quality of the rice varities in compositions of neutral and phospholipid. Palmitic acid, however, had a high content as 0.4~22.6% and linoleic acid had a low content as 5.0~12.0% in fatty acid composition of glycolipid.

  • PDF