• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
• /
• v.30 no.7
• /
• pp.694-701
• /
• 2013

The gear-reduction units of Korean high-speed trains consist of a motor reduction unit, an axle gear box reduction unit, and a tripod joint shaft. A reduction gear unit is a gearbox used to reduce the rotational speed of the input shaft to a slower rotational speed on the output shaft. This reduction in output speed helps to increase torque. Defective reduction gear units in high-speed trains are caused by damage to the gear or by gear fatigue. To diagnose potential problems, it is important to know the vibration characteristics of the reduction gear units. In this study, we analyzed the vibration characteristics of reduction gears under various conditions. The test setup included a full-scale test rig to evaluate reduction gear under both normal and extreme operating conditions.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.391-406
• /
• 2008

This study attempts to develop a real-time debonding monitoring system for carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) strengthened structures by continuously inspecting the bonding condition between the CFRP layer and the host structure. The uniqueness of this study is in developing a new concept and theoretical framework of nondestructive testing (NDT), in which debonding is detected without relying on previously-obtained baseline data. The proposed reference-free damage diagnosis is achieved based on the concept of time reversal acoustics (TRA). In TRA, an input signal at an excitation point can be reconstructed if the response signal measured at another point is reemitted to the original excitation point after being reversed in the time domain. Examining the deviation of the reconstructed signal from the known initial input signal allows instantaneous identification of damage without requiring a baseline signal representing the undamaged state for comparison. The concept of TRA has been extended to guided wave propagations within the CFRP-strengthened reinforced concrete (RC) beams to improve the detectibility of local debonding. Monotonic and fatigue load tests of large-scale CFRP-strengthened RC beams are conducted to demonstrate the potential of the proposed reference-free debonding monitoring system. Comparisons with an electro-mechanical impedance method and an inferred imaging technique are provided as well.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.460-471
• /
• 2011

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the levels of anxiety, depression, physical symptoms, and supportive care needs in patients with hematologic malignancy and to identify predictive factors of supportive care needs. Methods: The data were collected from 100 subjects undergoing treatments during 2010 in Korea. The questionnaires included the Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale, the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory, and the Supportive Care Needs Survey-Short Form 34. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Forty percent of the subjects had anxiety and 58% had depression. Thirty-eight percent of the subjects reported to have moderate-to-severe levels of physical symptoms. The most severe physical symptom was lack of appetite, followed by fatigue and pain. In terms of supportive care needs, the health system and information domain showed the highest among all domains. Supportive care needs had a significant positive correlation with anxiety, depression, and physical symptoms. And its predictive factors were identified as anxiety, physical symptoms and marital status, with the explanatory power of 48.9%. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that anxiety and physical symptoms should be assessed and treated to meet the supportive care needs of patients with hematologic malignancies.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.133-140
• /
• 2002

Objective : This study was designed to report the clinical effects of Cheonggan-soyosan-gamibang on patients who have suffered from UL-symptom(鬱症). Method : Patients complained of a headache, dizziness, chest discomfort, burning feeling, indigestion. Anorexia, insomnia, and fatigue, etc. We concluded that these symptoms are UL-symptoms(鬱症). Therefore, we treated patients with oriental medicine, especially Cheonggan-soyosan-gamibang, and found that those symptoms and signs were improved by VAS, which is visual analogue scale. Result : After patients were treated with Cheonggan-soyosan-gamibang, symptoms and signs were improved by VAS. Conclusion : Through this study, Cheonggan-soyosan-gamibang on patients who have suffered from UL-symptoms(鬱症), proved to be effective.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.39 no.5
• /
• pp.949-954
• /
• 2018

Objective: This case reports the management of a chronic pyelonephritis patient treated with Hyeonsamjihwang-tang. Methods: The patient suffered from swelling and fatigue and was diagnosed with Soyangin Mangeum-syndrome. The patient was treated with Hyeonsamjihwang-tang for a 40 day period. Hematology, urinalysis, and the numerical rating scale were used to evaluate the effects. Results: After treatment with Hyeonsamjihwang-tang, the patient's complaints of symptoms decreased, and improvements were shown in hematology and urinalysis. Conclusions: Hyeonsamjihwang-tang has an effect on patients with chronic pyelonephritis.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.229-242
• /
• 2012

Objectives : This case report presents a 68-year-old female patient. Her chief complaint was fatigue and depressed mood. During the therapeutic period, she experienced a sudden onset of unconsciousness. After two days, she became alert. We diagnosed her with conversion disorder. Methods : We treated her with Korean traditional herbal medicine (Chungsimyeonja-eum, Soum-In Bojungyikgi-tang, Hyeongbangjiwhang-tang) and oriental psychotherapy for 21 days. The effects of treatment were measured by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Zung Depression Rating Scale (SDS), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-X-1). Results : After treatment, the chief complaint and accompanying symptoms have been subsided and improved. Further, BDI, SDS, STAI-X-1 score were decreased. Conclusions : In this case, we recognized that Korean traditional herbal medicine and oriental psychotherapy could be effective for clinical symptoms of conversion disorder.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.12 no.8
• /
• pp.3820-3841
• /
• 2018

Most of the accidents occur due to drowsiness while driving, avoiding road signs and due to driver's distraction. Driver's distraction depends on various factors which include talking with passengers while driving, mood disorder, nervousness, anger, over-excitement, anxiety, loud music, illness, fatigue and different driver's head rotations due to change in yaw, pitch and roll angle. The contribution of this paper is two-fold. Firstly, a data set is generated for conducting different experiments on driver's distraction. Secondly, novel approaches are presented that use features based on facial points; especially the features computed using motion vectors and interpolation to detect a special type of driver's distraction, i.e., driver's head rotation due to change in yaw angle. These facial points are detected by Active Shape Model (ASM) and Boosted Regression with Markov Networks (BoRMaN). Various types of classifiers are trained and tested on different frames to decide about a driver's distraction. These approaches are also scale invariant. The results show that the approach that uses the novel ideas of motion vectors and interpolation outperforms other approaches in detection of driver's head rotation. We are able to achieve a percentage accuracy of 98.45 using Neural Network.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.166-172
• /
• 1996

The alopecia is classified to Alopecia areata, Telogen effluvium, Anagen effluvium and Androgenetic alopecia. The exact cause of alopecia is not known, but a inherent and immunologic anc psychosomatic and endocrinic factors are suspected. We analysed clinical study in 77 patients, who had visited to the Dept. of Dermatology, Hospital of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University to treat alopecia from June, 1994 to March, 1995. The results were summarized as follows; 1. In the series of 77 patients, $52\%\;were\;male\;and\;48\%$ were female. The peak incidence of age group was 20 to 29 ($55\%$). 2. The peak incidence of age group at on set was 20 to 29 ($49\%$). 3. The most frequent feature was insomnia ($25\%$). Frequent appeared signs and symptoms in descending order were head itching, head scale, fatigue and dizziness. 4. The personal history of patient were seborrheic dermatitis ($17\%$), atopic dermatitis, disorder of thyroid gland and acne in descending order. 5. The patients with family history occupied $25\%$. 6. Shineung Yangjin Dan was most used in treatments as $36\%$.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.983-999
• /
• 2014

The structural design of the ships includes two main issues which should be checked carefully, namely the extreme structural response (yielding & buckling) and the fatigue structural response. Even if the corresponding failure modes are fundamentally different, the overall methodologies for their evaluation have many common points. Both issues require application of two main steps: deterministic calculations of hydro-structure interactions for given operating conditions on one side and the statistical post-processing in order to take into account the lifetime operational profile, on the other side. In the case of ultra large ships such as the container ships and in addition to the classical quasi-static type of structural responses the hydroelastic structural response becomes important. This is due to several reasons among which the following are the most important: the increase of the flexibility due to their large dimensions (Lpp close to 400 m) which leads to the lower structural natural frequencies, very large operational speed (> 20 knots) and large bow flare (increased slamming loads). The correct modeling of the hydroelastic ship structural response, and its inclusion into the overall design procedure, is significantly more complex than the evaluation of the quasi static structural response. The present paper gives an overview of the different tools and methods which are used in nowadays practice.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.169-178
• /
• 2007

Purpose: This study was to identify the relationship between depression and spiritual health in patients suffering from female cancer. Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional descriptive study design. Data was collected by questionnaires from 106 female patients who were diagnosed with cancer of female organs at three university hospitals and one general hospital. The instruments used in this study included, "the Depression Scale" developed by Zung(1965) and "Spirituality Health Inventory" developed by Highfield(1992) and amended by Kim. The collected data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficients. Results: There was significantly negative correlation between spiritual health and depression in female cancer patients (r= -.65, p< .0001). There were significant differences in spiritual health according to the monthly income (F=4.30, p= .016), the degree of pain (F=2.85, p= .041), the degree of fatigue (F=3.42, p= .020), the frequency of attendance at worship services (F=3.26, p= .014), the effect of religion on personal life (F=9.41, p= .000). There were significant differences in depression, according to the residence type (F= .75, p= .012), the cancer insurance (t=7.86, p= .006), the degree of pain (F=2.78, p= .045). Conclusions: There is a necessity to develop strategies to improve the spiritual health and to reduce depression in female cancer patients. The significant several characteristics related to depression and spiritual health should be considered in psychsocial nursing intervention of female cancer patients.