• 제목/요약/키워드: Fat Content

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Intercropping with Soybean and Cowpea for Increasing Feed Value of Corn Stover (옥수수 짚의 사료가 제고를 위한 두류와의 간작 방법)

  • 이성열;홍정기;이한범;김두열;하상건;한세기;허범량;김삼보
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • 제32권2호
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    • pp.144-150
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    • 1987
  • To increase the feed value of corn stover after grain harvesting, these studies were conducted to evaluate the methods and effects of intercropping with corn and legume crops, soybean and cowpea. Basic studies were designed to detect the light receiving efficiency of intercrops with change of row-space and interrowspace under plant density of the level of 5,555 plants/l0a. Another study was conducted to select the favorable varieties for intercropping. The plant space of 90 x 20 cm was more effective to increase the light receiving effeciency of intercrop without decrease the yield of corn than that of 60 x 30 cm. Among several corn hybrid/varieties, erect leaf type was desirable for intercropping with high light penetration. Silage yield of intercropping with corn and legume crops increased above 20% without decrease of grain yield of corn compared with monocropping. The silage of intercropping appeared as a good quality roughage bulky feed with high content of crude protein and fat.

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Processing Method and Feed Value of Food Wastes as Swine Feed Resources (음식폐기물의 양돈사료 자원화를 위한 처리공정 및 사료가치 평가)

  • Jung, Woo-Jin;Lee, Jeong-Chae;Kim, Tae-Hwan;Lim, Kye-Taek
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.44-50
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    • 2000
  • This study was carried out to get the basic data on the efficient processing method of food wastes for utilizing as the resources of swine feeds composition, mineral and toxic elements of food waste were estimated in relation to the steps of processing and fermentation with MS (Miraculous soil-bacteria) microorganism complex. The chemical composition of food wastes was largely varied according to disposing sites, collection time and season. Offensive odor was reduced by anaerobic fermentation with MS microorganism complex. Food wastes fermented with MS microorganism complex have high contents in crude protein (24.1% D.M) and crude fat (12.9% D.M). Mineral composition was to be relatively well balanced compared to other plant or animal feed resources. Particularly the content of sodium was slightly higher than that of grains or agricultural byproducts. In food wastes fermented with MS microorganism complex, heavy metals such as Hg, As or F were not detected. Pb or Cd were detected in small quantities but their levels were below the dose s-permitted feeding standard of permitted dose in feeding standard. These results indicated that food wastes could be efficiently used for the resources of swine feeds through proper processing and fermentation.

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Assessment of the Bioavailability and Nutritive Function of Genetically Modified β-Carotene-biofortified Rice by Using Wistar Rats (유전자변형 β-carotene 강화 쌀의 생체 이용과 영양기능성 탐색)

  • Lee, Young-Tack;Lee, Kyung-Won;Seong, Ki-Seung;Kim, Sung-Soo;Lee, Jong Seok;Lee, Ok-Hwan;Cho, Hyun-Seok;Suh, Seok-Chul;Han, Chan-Kyu
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • 제46권2호
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    • pp.213-218
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the bioavailability and nutritive functions of Nak-Dong rice or genetically modified ${\beta}$-carotene-biofortified rice (GM rice) in an experimental animal model. Wistar rats fed either GM rice or Nak-Dong rice did not show differences in bioavailability, growth, organ weights, or visceral fat, suggesting that the nutrient content of GM rice is compositionally equivalent to that of conventional Nak-Dong rice. In addition, GM rice showed improved nutritive function in terms of increased defecation, decreased lipids, and decreased blood glucose.

Effect of Dietary Astaxanthin Producing Bacteria (Xanthophyllomyces dendrohous) on the Growth Performance and the Meat Quality of Ducks (아스타잔틴 생성 균주(Xanthophyllomyces dendrohous)의 급여가 오리의 성장과 육질에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Kyeong-Su;Lee, Min-Kyoung;Lee, Woo-Jin;Choi, Yang-Il;Cho, Seong-Ku
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제53권2호
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    • pp.139-146
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    • 2011
  • This study was carried out to investigated astaxanthin producing "Xanthophyllomyces dendrohous" on growth performances and meat quality in ducks. A total of 450 ducks (cheribery) were allotted into 3 groups. The three groups were control (commercial feed), treatment 1 (0.1% feed additives), and treatment 2 (0.2% feed additives). Each group had 3 replicates. Viable cell number of "Xanthophyllomyces dendrohous" is $1.0{\times}10^8$ cfu/g. Growth performance carried out during 39 days. Average weight gain was significantly higher (p<0.05) in treatment 2 than that of control. Feed conversion was significantly lower (p<0.05) in treatment 1 and 2 than that of control. The results of nutrients composition analysis of duck meat showed that treatment 1 and 2 had significantly lower (p<0.05) fat and cholesterol levels. Water holding capacity showed significantly higher (p<0.05) value than that of control. Both treatment groups showed lower (p<0.05) value than control in drip loss and shear force. Control showed higher unsaturated fatty acids(palmitic acid, stearic acid) content than treatment 1 and 2. Treatment 1 and 2 showed significantly lower (p<0.05) saturated fatty acids (oleic acid, linoleic acid) levels than control. These results suggested that the supplementation of feed additives containing "Xanthophyllomyces dendrohous" might be used effectively for inproving productivity and meat quality of ducks.

Chemical Composition and Nutritional Characteristics of Lentils(Lens culinaris), and Their Application in the Food Industry: A Review (렌즈콩의 영양성분과 생리활성 및 식품산업의 응용)

  • Min, Myung-Ja;Shin, Hyun-Jae
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • 제47권3호
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    • pp.273-280
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    • 2015
  • Lentils (Lens culinaris) are a nutritious and popular food throughout the world. This review provides an overview of the nutritional and functional properties of lentils. Lentils have high nutritional value: high protein, high fiber, low fat, and a variety of minerals. The addition of lentils to other foods could enhance their health benefits. Additionally, there is no decrease in the amino acid content in lentils when cooked; rather, the amino acids increased and the phytic acids decreased. Lentils are generally known to have biomedical functions including antioxidative, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, and thrombolytic properties. The data presented here show that fermentation would increase the amount of bioactive substances in the beans. Therefore, fermentation techniques could be a new approach to produce lentil-based foods. They are also eco-friendly, cost-effective, and feasible processes. This review has suggested a future development of new lentil-related foods using traditional fermentation technology.

Influence of Red Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Seed Oil and Sancho (Zanthoxylum schinifolium) Seed Oil on Serum and Liver Lipids Profiles in Rats (고추종실유 및 산초유의 투여가 흰쥐의 혈청 및 간장 지질농도에 미치는 영향)

  • Yoon, Deuk-Hyo;Choi, Yong-Soon
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • 제40권1호
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    • pp.96-100
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    • 2008
  • Pungent oils are fat sources that determine the taste, flavor, and satiety of foods. They are also energy sources and regulators of lipid metabolism in humans. The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seed oil (RPO) and sancho (Zanthoxylum schinifolium) seed oil (SCO) as pungent oils on the lipid profiles of rats fed on hypercholesterolemic diets (0.12% cholesterol), as compared to common soybean oil (SBO). There were large differences in the n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratios of the experimental oils (SBO: 8.8, SCO: 1.2, RPO: 70.1). Serum cholesterol concentrations were higher in the RPO groups than in the other groups; whereas ratios of HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol were lower in the RPO groups. On the other hand, liver cholesterol levels were markedly higher in the SCO groups than in the RPO groups, with the SBO groups having intermediate levels; these largely reflected cholesterol ester content differences in the rat livers. It is possible that the different serum cholesterol responses observed in the RPO and SCO groups might have been related to differences in the n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio rather than the polyunsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids ratio. Serum triacylglycerol concentrations were lower in the SCO groups as compared to the other groups. Overall, the results showed a hypocholesterolemic effect for sancho seed oil as compared to red pepper seed oil in rats fed diets containing 0.12% cholesterol.

Antioxidant Activity of Fermented Wild Grass Extracts (산야초 발효액의 항산화 활성)

  • Lee, Young-Jun;Yoon, Bo-Ra;Kim, Dan-Bi;Kim, Myoung-Dong;Lee, Dae-Won;Kim, Jae-Keun;Lee, Ok-Hwan
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.407-412
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    • 2012
  • Wild grass is edible, and it grows in the mountains or field areas. Wild grass has diverse biological effects, such as antiobesity, anti-cancer, antioxidant activities and immune stimulation. Currently, many studies are aimed at enhancing the efficacy of medicinal foods on biological activity using a bioconversion technology, including the fermentation process. In this study, the quality characteristics and antioxidative activity of the fermented wild grass was investigated. The antioxidant activity of fermented wild grass was assessed by various radical scavenging assays using DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), FRAP(ferric ion reducing antioxidant power), reducing power, and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)). Moisture contents of the fermented wild grass is $49.6{\pm}0.06%$. Contents of crude ash, crude protein, and crude fat were $0.65{\pm}0.01$, $0.65{\pm}0.04$, and $3.3{\pm}0.59%$, respectively. Moreover, fermented wild grass showed that the hunter's color values were 80.36(lightnees), 11.47(redness), and 44.53(yellowness), respectively. Total phenolic contents of the fermented wild grass was $1,185{\pm}159{\mu}g$ GAE(gallic acid equivalent)/g. The antioxidative activities of the fermented wild grass were significantly increased in a dose dependent manner. In addition, fermented wild grass did not show any cytotoxicity up to 500 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. However, the anti-adipogenic effect of the fermented wild grass extract was barely detectable. This antioxidant potential is partly due to the phenolic compounds that are present in the fermented wild grass extracts.

Change of Quality and Physicochemical Characteristics of Mung-bean Flours with Germination and Roasting Condition (발아 및 볶음조건별 녹두가루의 품질 및 이화학 특성 변화)

  • Kim, Hyun-Joo;Lee, Ji Hae;Lee, Byong Won;Lee, Yu Young;Lee, Byoung Kyu;Woo, Koan Sik
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.149-159
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    • 2018
  • The change of quality and physicochemical characteristics of mung-bean flours after germination and roasting treatment were evaluated. The moisture content of the roasted mung-bean flours decreased significantly according to the roasting temperatures and times, and the crude ash, protein and fat contents increased. The lightness of the roasted mung-bean flours significantly decreased, and the redness and yellowness increased. The water binding capacity of the roasted mung-bean flours without and with germination were 151.71 and 192.77% at $240^{\circ}C$ for 20 min, respectively. The water solubility index and swelling power decreased with an increase in roasting temperatures and times. The phenolic compounds and radical scavenging activity of the roasted mung-bean flours increased with an increase in the roasting temperatures and times. The total polyphenol contents of the roasted mung-bean flours without and with germination were 4.81~7.71 and 4.22~5.63 mg GAE/g, and the total flavonoid contents were 2.46~3.05 and 2.45~2.87 mg CE/g, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the roasted mung-bean flours, without and with germination, were 106.83~376.08 and 174.41~346.70 mg TE/100 g, and the ABTS radical scavenging activity was 251.67~534.31 and 274.39~430.02 mg TE/100 g, respectively. As a result, it is necessary to set quality standards for each application considering the quality and antioxidant properties of the roasted mung-bean flours.

Nutritive Components of Rice Powder and Development of Rice Bread Recipes using Rice Flour (쌀가루의 영양성분과 쌀가루를 활용한 다양한 쌀빵 레시피 개발)

  • Lee, Youn Ri;Jung, Da Woon;Jo, Eun hye;Back, Seon Woo;Kim, Su Yeong;Park, Young Seo
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.441-448
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze the proximate components (water, crude ash, crude protein, crude fat, and carbohydrates) and nutritive components (vitamin A, C, E, minerals, amino acids, and fatty acids) of rice flour and develop several rice bread recipes using rice flour. The water, crude ash, crude protein, crude lipid, carbohydrate contents of rice flour were measured to be 8.53%, 0.10 g, 6.80 g, 0.14 g and 84.43 g, respectively. No vitamin A was detected in the rice flour, and vitamin C and E contents were found to be 8.30 and 0.3467 mg/100 g, respectively. Calcium, potassium, magnesium, iron, and sodium contents were measured as 6.23, 65.05, 9.78, 0.17 and 2.84 mg/100 g; the large amount of potassium helps to discharge the sodium. Rice flour has nine kinds of essential amino acids in it; essential amino acids form 45.15% of rice flour's content. which is higher than 32.3%. Fatty acids were barely detected in the rice powder; saturated fatty acids were measured as 31.25 mg/100 g, and unsaturated fatty acids as 25.54 mg/100 g. Regarding essential fatty acids, linoleic acids were measured as 41.01 mg/100 g, and linolenic acids as 2.20 mg/100 g. The researcher used rice loaf bread as the base and developed rice bread recipes using rice flour to make a total of 11 items: 8 items with 75% rice flour (rice bagel, rice sweet red-bean bread, rice butter roll bread, rice mocha bread, rice buttertop bread, rice custard cream bread, and rice streusel), 2 items with 80% rice flour (stollen and rice hobbang), and 1 item with 85% rice flour (rice donut).

Effects of Feeding Dietary Different Oil and Tocopherol on Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Pork (오일과 토코페롤 급여가 돈육의 이화학적 성질에 미치는 영향)

  • 진상근;김일석;송영민;정기화;이성대;하경희;김회윤;박기훈
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.115-121
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    • 2003
  • The pork quality was determined with following treatments. The meat samples were obtained from pigs which had been fed finishing pig diets containing 5% beef tallow(Control), 3% beef tallow and 2% perillar seed oil(T1), 250 ppm vitamin E(a-tocopheryl acetate) in T1(T2), 3% beef tallow and 2% squid viscera oil(T3), 250 ppm vitamin E in T3(T4), 3% beef tallow and 2% CLA(Conjugated linoleic acid, T5). T1 had the lowest sarcomere length, salt solubility and total protein contents among the treatments. Salt solubility and total protein content of T2 and T4 which had been fed diets containing Vit. E were higher than those of T1 and T3 which had not been fed diets without Vit. E. pH and water holding capacity(WHC) values of control were higher than those of T1, T3 and T5, while WHC of T2 and T4 was higher than those of T1, T3 and T5. The hunter L value of meat and a value of fat showed higher in T5 than those in control, T, T3. The adhesiveness of T3 and the springiness of T5 in cooked meat showed higher level than other treatments.