• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.622-629
• /
• 2018

Expansins are cell wall proteins that mediate cell wall loosening and promote specific tissue and organ morphogenesis in plants and in some microorganisms. Unlike plant expansins, the biological functions of fungal expansin-like proteins have rarely been discussed. In the present study, an expansin-like protein-encoding fvexpl1 gene, was identified from Flammulina velutipes by using local BLAST. It consisted of five exons with a total length of 822 bp. The deduced protein FVEXPL1 contained 274 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass and isoelectric point of 28,589 Da and pH 4.93, respectively. The first 19 amino acids from the N terminal are the signal peptide. Phylogenetic analysis and multiple protein alignment indicated FVEXPL1 was an expansin-like protein. The expression level of fvexpl1 gene in the stipe was significantly higher than that in the mycelia, primordia, and cap. However, the expression level of fvexpl1 gene was significantly higher in the fast elongation region of the stipe as compared with the slow elongation region. Expression analysis indicated that fvexpl1 gene might have an auxiliary role in the stipe morphogenesis of F. velutipes.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.48 no.1
• /
• pp.10-15
• /
• 2010

Intensive works have been carried out to develop more efficient solid catalysts for biodiesel production from various feedstocks including refined oils and waste fats. Among many catalysts, metal oxides and ion exchange resins are the most intensively studied ones. With regard to metal oxide catalysts, major research activities have focused on the identification of the active compounds and their immobilizing methods on the supports. As metal oxide catalysts have strong thermal stability, they may be used in simultaneous transesterification and esterification of waste fats. However, ion exchange resin catalysts were mainly applied in the esterification of the free fatty acids in waste fats because of their lower thermal stability. For both solid catalysts, further works are needed to make them to be used in commercial process. Especially fast deactivation of the solid catalyst would be the most challenging problem.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.289-297
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of a behavioral cue checklist (BCC) containing 17 items developed by Wilkes et al. (2010) for identifying potentially violent patients in emergency departments. Methods: This was a prospective observational study to evaluate the usefulness of the Korean version of a BCC (K-BCC) as an assessment tool for predicting patient violence in emergency departments, and was conducted over 4 weeks in a regional emergency medical center located in B City. A total of 1,324 patients were finally analyzed. Results: Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate whether each item of the K-BCC predicts violence, and a parsimonious set of 8 statistically significant items was selected for the tool. Receiver operating characteristic analysis of the BCC showed that the area under the curve was .97 (95% confidence interval: .94~1.0). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value at the cut-off score of 2 were 75.6%, 98.9%, 68.2%, and 99.2%, respectively. Conclusion: The K-BCC was found to be useful in predicting patient violence toward emergency department staff. This tool is simple, and fast to use and can play a significantly role identifying potentially violent patients. Owing to this advance identification, this tool can be helpful in preventing the potential for violence from manifesting as violent behaviors.

• Convergence Security Journal
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.19-27
• /
• 2007

Detecting unknown threats is a paradox ; how do you detect a threat if it is not known to exist? The answer is that unknown threat detection is the process of making a previously unknown threat identifiable in the shortest possible time frame. This paper examines the possibility of creating an unknown threat detection mechanism that security experts can use for developing a flexible protection system for networks. A system that allows the detection of unknown threats through monitoring system and the incorporation of dynamic and flexible logics with situational knowledge is described as well as the mechanisms used to develop such a system is illustrated. The system not only allows the detection of new threats but does so in a fast and efficient manner to increase the available time for responding to these threats.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.296-303
• /
• 2011

This paper describes a game called the "robot hopscotch game" which uses mobile robots. In this game, a mobile robot moves on a board which consists of a number of square cells. This is similar to the usual hopscotch game in which a human player hops through a course on the ground. In the robot hopscotch game, each cell has a visual light communication unit. The unit sends identification signal and the robot which moves over the cell receives the signal for location recognition. In the game, a human player or a human operator competes with a robot or other human player on how accurately and fast they move to a goal location passing through the given way point cells. People played the game at the RoboWorld 2008 which was held at COEX Seoul, on 16th to 20th of October 2008. The replies to the questionnaire to the users show that users have interests on the game and expect further expansion of robot use though they are not in favor of the robot's outlook and they feel inconvenience on manipulation of the robot.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.285-293
• /
• 2014

Two-dimensional PDF417 bar code has a wide range of use and has a storage capacity to compress a large amount of data. With these characteristics, PDF417 has been used in various ways to prevent the forgery and alteration of important information in documents. On the other hand, previous decoding methods in PDF417 barcode are slow and inefficient because they simply employ the standard specifications of AIM (Association for Automatic Identification and Mobility). Therefore, this paper propose an efficient and fast algorithm of decoding PDF417 bar code. As a result, the proposed decoding algorithm will be more faster and efficient than previous methods.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.285-288
• /
• 2019

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) causes economic problems in livestock industry because of fast spread and inducing low productivity. FMD outbreaks occurred in South Korea over the period from 2000 to 2019. Vaccination is the most practical and effective means of controlling or preventing these outbreaks, and a national vaccination policy has been in place for all FMD-susceptible animals since 2010. To prevent and control of FMD, South Korea has been using vaccines imported from the United Kingdom, Argentina, and Russia. The Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency of South Korea oversees continuous quality control of imported FMD vaccines. FMD vaccines were evaluated characteristics, sterility, pH, inactivation, safety, potency test by Korean FMD vaccine standard assay (Test for National Lot Release). The 6 company vaccines (A~F) were used Test for National Lot Release by each method. We evaluated quality of each FMD vaccine from 2015 to 2019. All batch of vaccine showed good quality control and were passed the Test for National Lot Release. The serotypes of vaccine are increasingly changing to multiple vaccine because the FMD was outbreak by various serotype virus in South Korea. Furthermore, this data may be useful as a basis for ensuring the quality of FMD vaccines and for base data to manage them. Additional study is required to simple approach for rapid evaluation of quality and antigen content identification in vaccines.

• Journal of forensic and investigative science
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.50-59
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to figure out clinical characteristics in young and adult acute myocardial infarction patients come to emergency room. One hundred fifty four acute myocardial infarction cases were collected and analized from January 2003 to April 2006, especially focused on below the age 50. The results of the study were summarized as follows. The results were proportion up disease occur to women disease rate as men after 50 age and acute myocardial infarction occur to spring and winter most of all. Research for this patients coronary artery condition in cardiac angiography room and coronary artery condition is left anterior descending portion was obstruction and stenosis most of all at that time in emergency room. HDL-cholesterol was not normal range of this patients. About 57.9% patients downward normal range but total cholesterol was very variant condition. Investigated chest X-ray of this patients and result in upward 75% patients was C-T ratio 50% upward condition. And it was shown result from this patients 94. 7% was obesity condition and family history showed mother or father got hypertension or diabete mellitus patients but 42. 7% patients not family history. This patients not going to direct emergency room after via local medical center result in badly condition up. Have got outcomes of youth and adults age patient of acute myocardial infarction come to emergency room. Government and administration have to support advertising this results about acute myocardial infarction condition of nation people. We need to preservation and preventing this disease but if this disease occurrence, to the utmost directly and speedly emergency room for fast therapy.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.1-40
• /
• 2007

This paper mainly estimates a trajectory of GDP induced by variations in fiscal expenditure and taxation policy using three variable structural VAR models. By assigning different combinations of identifying restrictions on the disturbances and measuring the corresponding fiscal multipliers, we compare how robust the estimated values of fiscal multipliers are with respect to the restrictions. Then, considering the dependency of Korean economy on the foreign sector, we extend the three variable SVARs to four variable ones by adding a variable reflecting external shocks. Empirical analyses into the Korean quarterly data (from 1979 to 2000) with the three variable SVARs reveal that the size and the significance of the estimated fiscal multipliers in Korea are very small and low or they decay very fast. Results from the four variable SVARs confirm these results while the significance of the effectiveness of fiscal policy is enhanced in some cases.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.470-475
• /
• 2012

In Q-algorithm of EPCglobal Class-1 Gen-2 RFID system, the initial value of $Q_{fp}$, which is the slot-count parameter, is not defined in the standard. And the values of weight C, which is the parameter for incrementing or decrementing the slot-count size, are not determined. Therefore, if the number of tags is small and we let the initial $Q_{fp}$ be large, the number of empty slot will be large. On the other hand, if we let the initial $Q_{fp}$ be small in spite of many tags, almost all the slots will be collided. Also, if the reader selects an inappropriate weight, there are a lot of empty or collided slots. As a result, the performance will be declined because the frame size does not converge to the optimal point quickly during the query round. In this paper, we propose a scheme to allocate the optimal initial $Q_{fp}$ through the tag number estimation and select the weight based on the slot-count size of current query round.