• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.148-163
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine differences in university students' spatial behavior and time for purchasing weekdays or weekends according to trading areas they use to purchase casual wears. Theoretical background examined trading areas, in Busan, consumers' spatial behavior. An empirical research developed a questionnaire as a measuring tool to conduct a preliminary survey and a main survey. Data collection was implemented with 507 students from four universities in Busan; and for data analysis, descriptive statistics, cross-tabulation analysis, correspondence analysis, and McNemar test were carried out by using the SPSS for Windows 12.0K program. This study obtained the main results as follows: The characteristics of university students' spatial behavior according to trading areas show significant difference in reasons of trading area selection, time slots for visiting. University students who visited the Seomyeon trading area were found to consider comparison-based purchasing and prominence of the trading area, regardless of the time for purchasing weekdays or weekends. As for trading areas around Busan National University, visits were mainly due to accessibility. Students visited trading areas in Nampo-Gwangbok-dong regardless of the time for purchasing in diverse reasons of trading area selection, time slots. As for trading areas around Kyungsung University, students were visited due to accessibility.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.160-166
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• 2014

Patent and utility indicate international competitiveness in the knowledge-based society of the $21^{st}$century where both the quantity and quality of the nation's scientific intelligence and innovative technology represent key criteria to evaluate its strength. Thus, discerning the trends of patents is inevitable for further development. This research is centered on apprehending the technological current of the functional clothing of Korea, through an analysis of patents and utility models. The number of patent applications in Korea was low until the mid-1990s. However, it began to grow rapidly in the 2000s and the number of patents surpassed the number of utility starting in 2006. The technological level of invention in this field has been turned into a higher level. The IPC code with the strongest application was the field related to temperature controllable clothing (A41D 13/005), followed by surgeon or patient apparel related fields (A41D 13/12), and reflective or luminous safety devices (A41D 13/01).The main technological idea was to give functionality that could protect the human body from various hazards and represents the goal of various applied techniques. About 66% of domestic patent applications belong to individuals; however, the proportion of corporate or institutional applications(including universities) remains poor. Consequently, more systematic and long-term support for research on patents is required.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2011

Design patent is a type of industrial design right that is granted on the ornamental design of a functional item. We analyzed domestic design patents that were applied from 1965 until 2008, to the field of functional clothing. Since the year 2000 the number of design patents of functional clothing progressively increased. Design patents applied to the functional clothing field includes sport wear (47%), working clothes (34%), and leisure wear (19%). Design development of the sports wear from the latter half of 1990's has shown a continuously increasing tendency. The most patent applications belonged to the companies(51.4%), followed by individual applicants (46.6%), and the universities or laboratories had the least number of applications (2.0%). In case of working clothes or the leisure wear, the number of design applications focusing on the functional characteristic is higher than that of aesthetic characteristic, however, the number of design applications focusing on the aesthetic characteristic is higher in sportswear.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.153-166
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• 2008

The purpose of this research is to analyze the overall process of the wedding industry - arranging domestic wedding firms and formulating a database related to the business. Simultaneously, with all the data in hand the research attempts to seek flaws within the wedding industry and tries to offer solutions to revitalize the industrial section. Because the list of articles is enormously expansive, for the purpose of basic research, objects have been selected according to the process presented below. Wedding-product firms have been classified within the boundaries of dresses, studios, and makeup firms; distributing channels are mainly focused on wedding planners and related-consulting firms; related departments of universities and wedding organizations are illustrated as well. Due to the unorganized system of this particular field, the research process has been conducted with materials from personal experiences, newspapers, magazines, Internet websites, documents, and interviews with wedding-related firms and organizations, and professors. As a result, over 13 subjects which formulate a market structure of over 30 trillion won. However, due to lack of systemization of the industry, as it expands, numerous problems occur. Excessive competition between wedding-consulting firms and the lack of reliable education for wedding planners, unnecessary external investment and the lack of product research, false Information from the Internet puts the entire industry in a inefficient position. Organizations such as Korea Traditional clothes Industrial Union, Korea Wedding Consulting Association, Korea Martial Industrial Promotion Association(KOMIPA) etc, are made to seek for solutions. For the wedding industry to revitalize, wedding-product firms, wedding planners and consulting firms must maintain an organic relationship every season. They must systemize a proper distribution system, with wedding-product companies enhancing the quality of products, wedding planners organizing wedding plans with responsibility, and consulting firms focusing not only on profits. In order to make high-valued products, wedding-product companies must put their greatest effort in producing talented minds, and universities with related departments must do so as well. In other words, the industrial and educational section of our society must cooperate through a sophisticated system. In addition, related organizations must act to receive governmental support in order to support the industry.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.75-84
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• 2009

The following research analyzed the sewing teaching of the tailored jacket shown in fashion textbooks, which are currently used in universities and educational organizations in the fashion industry. To analyze the sewing teaching of tailored jackets, we analyzed 35 textbooks in the market. Among them we used 14 textbooks which dealt with the patter formation method of tailored jackets, and cutting and sewing methods. First, the stitching direction and the location of attachment varied. The type of sticking tape and its position also differed, emphasizing the need to make an institutionalized education material which is based on the characteristic of the fabric and its silhouette. Second, controlling the ease length of the right side sewing princess line, or information about the shoulder line and sleeve line of the notch as not specifically shown in the textbooks. Furthermore, not many textbooks showed how to pull the lower part of the texture out of sight, nor did they explain why this needed to be done. Third, the lining is usually slightly larger than the outer texture of the clothing, as the lining is usually tugged in the sewing process, and this method makes the clothes more comfortable. The method of sewing the princessline $0.2{\sim}0.3cm$ outside the outer pattern was the most recommended. The center-back side was usually 2cm in activity measurements, but it turned out that a textbook which required ease treatment on the shoulder line did not do so on the lining material. The textbooks used in this research dealt only with how to manufacture a tailored jacket without full explanation about textures which could influence the manufacturing. The production method and process differed between different textbooks, showing the need to make a institutionalized education material. In a quickly-changing era where there is rapid change in the dressmaking procedure, we need to help students understand the process more easily through a formalized education process.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.70-83
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• 2004

The female image has been changed incessantly with age and has been eminently represented in cosmetic advertisement. The female images are changed from the classical images to the active and professional images with the historical current of cyber, digital, and fusion. These changes in the expression of female image are largely due to the spread of post-modernism, feminism, de-construction (Kim, 1994), digital information revolution, and increase of income. The female images in cosmetic advertisement have been expressed very variously with fashion, marketing target, and characteristics of articles. (Im, 1997) The cosmetic advertisements of pure and graceful images were popular in the past. But nowadays individual image, womanly image, and unchanged beautiful image are in vogue. Individual image is very popular in young generation with very short fashion period. Active career woman image represents passion and beauty with extension of women' social roles. Unchanged beautiful image in modern industrial pollution stands for the desire of keeping the beauty in youth. Brand is very important factor to consumers in purchasing. Brand is no larger the simple concept in the past, and accepted as reflection of the image, social status, service, and life-style(Lee, 1998) consumers are very favorable to foreign cosmetics with the increase of overseas travels and import. This phenomenon is considered as very natural, especially in young generation. To create a successful brand image, the harmony of quality, psychological preference, advertisement, and reasonable price are required. According to the questionnaire research implemented by the subject of college women students in five universities in Seoul, the majority of college women students purchase domestic cosmetic brands in cosmetic specialty stores and depend on the tips of acquaintances. Quality, skin-trouble, and brand are considered as special regards for purchasing. Especially, internet shopping in purchasing marks high growth rate and preference for foreign cosmetics is very ardent. It can be expected that the 21st century is the epoch of various small production different from the mass-production in the 20th century. Female image will be probably expressed with individual, emotional, and professional image in the media of digital, fusion, cyber, and technology culture. It can be said that the tendency of cosmetic purchasing in the future will be more focused on brand image and life style.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.74-81
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the operation situation & academic research trends in Seoul and Gyeonggi area, based on theoretical consideration on academic credit bank system, focusing on academic credit bank system where a lifelong education institute affiliated with a university produces graduates with associate's degree. To find out about how academic credit bank institutes are operated in cosmetology field, the analysis of literature review was used, in reference to the literatures as well as administrative data from the Ministry of Education and institutes for lifelong education with respect to academic credit bank system. Further, dissertations and articles in journals were also reviewed for analysis, in order to see academic research trends with respect to academic credit bank system in cosmetology, and finally to provide the directions for a follow-up study in the future. It was found that about 120 junior colleges have cosmetology departments, while only about 20 4-year universities have them, where lifelong education systems such as lifelong education are essential for learners to have bachelor's degree to go to a graduate school in reality. Every year more people want to learn and acquire the degree through a lifelong education institute affiliated with a university. In this regard, it is thought that there should be first positive social awareness towards a degree recipient from such educations and more administrative promotion and active engagement of government, businesses and schools, in order to vitalize academic credit bank system. Meanwhile, there are only about 10 academic literatures including the dissertations on the operation of academic credit bank system with respect to cosmetology, which is not sufficient number in academic research, compared to the increasing number of people who want to acquire the degree. Most of the preceding studies have been limited to education services and learners' satisfaction level. Therefore, continuous follow-up study is required on how to improve social awareness as well as teachers and instructors' satisfaction level, as well as how to develop industry-customized curriculum, in order to ensure active academic credit bank system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.67-74
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• 2000

The clothing behavior of male homosexuals were examined. Especially their clothing preference, clothing purchase behavior and clothing symbols as a group took were analysed. The subject was 49 male-homosexuals and the survey was done at the tray bars in Yi-Tae-Won in Seoul. The questionnaire and interview method were broth used to collect the data. The findings from the study were as follows : 1. The casual style was mostly preferred and lightly-fitted style was more preferred than loose style. Both straight type blue jeans and tight-fit style were widely worn by the subject. 2 Among design, price, color, fashion trend and sewing quality. design was the most important factor In clothing purchase. Besides design, color and fashion trend were counted more seriously than price or sowing quality. Blue and black were preferred as clothing colors. 3. Department stores were the most popular shopping place. and then traditional markets and shops near Universities were also preferred. Over 60% of the subjects answered that the decision of clothing purchase was made by himself and 20% of the subject used friend as personal information sources. The score stimuli was the most frequently used information for apparel shopping, and fashion magazines were also used as an important information source. 4. The clothing related symbols used to represent group look were lightly-fitted style. right ear-piercing, tight-fit plaid pants, leather look, rainbow flag, bandannas, reversed triangle. etc. And the subjects thought the symbols were not meaningful as group look because they were already adopted by the non-homosexual people. And they thought that their style of fashion has influenced on that of mass.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.192-205
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• 2011

This study analyzed the registration of patent and utility models by fashion firms in Korea. A total of 2,291 registration cases of IPC A41B-H from the period of 1996 to 2009 were collected by KIPRIS of the Korean Intellectual Property Organization (KIPO). All cases were analyzed by year to review the longitudinal trend and 481 cases of IPC A41B (shirts, underwear, baby linen, and handkerchiefs) and 1088 cases of IPC A41D (outerwear, protective garments, and accessories) were analyzed by content (provided benefit type and developing method), by detailed product items and the characteristics of the applicant. The results of this study were as follows: 1) Registration of IPC 41 increased steeply by the year (especially since 2006) and the patent registrations increased more than those in the utility model. 2) Analyzing the application content of A41B on the basis of benefit showed that 75% were to provide new functions and the rest were for health. In terms of the developing method, 83% of benefit provided by the application were by design development, 11.2% were by material, and the rest was by process, In the cases of IPC A41D, 23.6% were for safety and protection. In terms of the developing method, the process and material development were more frequently adopted than in the cases of A41B. 3) The major product types of A41B were socks, underwear, and infant wear, whereas gloves and parts of clothing were major items in A41D. 4) In terms of the characteristics of the applicant, registration by firms was greater for patents than for utility models and registration by foreigners increased in 2006 due to the complete opening of the retail market. 5) Fifteen universities registered for a total 57 cases and major applications were for IT related clothing or high-tech protective items.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.74-88
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to explore university students' Hanbok rental behavior and to examine factors that influence their intention to rent Hanbok. Questionnaires were distributed in Universities in the Seoul metropolitan area, and the final 202 responses were used for data analysis. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, cluster analysis, t-tests, and multiple regressions analysis were used. Sixty-one percent of those who have experienced Hanbok rental said they rented Hanboks to experience tourism and 22 percent said they rented Hanboks to take pictures, and the main rental places are tourist attractions such as Jeonju Hanok Village. Respondents indicated that the design and color of Hanbok were important product attributes when they consider renting a Hanbok. They also indicated that the opinions of other users posted on the Internet/Social Network were their main source of information for Hanbok rental. The result of cluster analysis showed that there were two groups of Hanbok rental consumers based on clothing consumption values: novelty-seeking group and practicality-seeking group. The two groups were different in terms of few factors of the benefit sought of Hanbok rental, product attributes, and information sources. Regression analysis revealed that traditional culture perception, purpose-built Hanbok pursuit benefit, pragmatic pursuit benefit, attitude toward Hanbok, and the previous Hanbok rental experience significantly affected respondents' intention to rent Hanbok. Based on the results, this study summarizes the key features of each group and provides suggestion for developing strategic marketing activities.