• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.245-252
• /
• 2015

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Salvia plebeia R. Br. ethanolic extract with different aspects (stem/leaf and whole plant) on differentiation and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. The morphological changes and the degrees of lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells were measured by Oil Red O staining and intra-cellular triglyceride (TG) assay. The mRNA expressions of special peroxisome proliferation activated receptor- genes (PPAR), CCAAT/ enhancer-binding protein (C/$EBP{\alpha}$), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The 50% ethanolic extracts ($100{\mu}g/mL$) of stem and leaf (SALE) and 30% ethanolic extracts (100 g/mL) of whole plant (SAE) from Salvia plebeia R. Br. were significantly attenuated lipid accumulation during adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Ethyl acetate-soluble fractions ($50{\mu}g/mL$) significantly inhibited lipid droplet accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, SALE induced down-regulation of specific adipogenic transcriptional factors (C/$EBP{\alpha}$ and $PPAR{\gamma}$) and target genes (FAS and LPL) during adipogenesis. Salvia plebeia R. Br. may be used as a safe and efficient natural substance to manage obesity.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.815-822
• /
• 2012

Resveratrol 유도체의 일종으로 stilbene계열 물질인 piceatannol은 암세포의 증식을 억제하고 apoptosis를 유발하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 A549 인체 폐암세포를 대상으로 piceatannol에 의한 암세포 증식억제와 연관된 부가적인 기전연구를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과에서 piceatannol이 A549 세포에서 extrinsic 및 intrinsic pathway의 동시 활성을 통하여 apoptosis를 유발하였음을 Fas/FasL의 발현 증가와 caspase-8 및 -9의 활성증가로 확인하였다. 또한 piceatannol은 caspase-3의 활성을 증가시켰으며, caspase-3의 다양한 표적 단백질들의 발현 감소가 동반되었다. 아울러 piceatannol에 의한 apoptosis 유발 과정은 iNOS의 발현 감소에 의한 NO의 생성 억제와도 연관성이 있었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• 제50권4호
• /
• pp.230-243
• /
• 2023

Objective: High temperatures can trigger cellular oxidative stress and disrupt spermatogenesis, potentially leading to male infertility. We investigated the effects of retinoic acid (RA), chitosan nanoparticles (CHNPs), and retinoic acid loaded with chitosan nanoparticles (RACHNPs) on spermatogenesis in mice induced by scrotal hyperthermia (Hyp). Methods: Thirty mice (weighing 25 to 30 g) were divided into five experimental groups of six mice each. The groups were as follows: control, Hyp induced by a water bath (43 ℃C for 30 minutes/day for 5 weeks), Hyp+RA (2 mg/kg/day), Hyp+CHNPs (2 mg/kg/72 hours), and Hyp+RACHNPs (4 mg/kg/72 hours). The mice were treated for 35 days. After the experimental treatments, the animals were euthanized. Sperm samples were collected for analysis of sperm parameters, and blood serum was isolated for testosterone measurement. Testis samples were also collected for histopathology assessment, reactive oxygen species (ROS) evaluation, and RNA extraction, which was done to compare the expression levels of the bax, bcl2, p53, Fas, and FasL genes among groups. Additionally, immunohistochemical staining was performed. Results: Treatment with RACHNPs significantly increased stereological parameters such as testicular volume, seminiferous tubule length, and testicular cell count. Additionally, it increased testosterone concentration and improved sperm parameters. We observed significant decreases in ROS production and caspase-3 immunostaining in the RACHNP group. Moreover, the expression levels of bax, p53, Fas, and FasL significantly decreased in the groups treated with RACHNPs and RA. Conclusion: RACHNPs can be considered a potent antioxidative and antiapoptotic agent for therapeutic strategies in reproductive and regenerative medicine.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.59-66
• /
• 2006

Background: CM1 (Centrocyte/-blast Marker I) defined by a mAb developed against concanavalin-A activated PBMC, is expressed specifically on a subpopulation of centroblasts and centrocytes of human germinal center (GC) B cells. Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a tumor consisting of tumor cells with the characteristics of GC B cell. Previously we reported that CM1 ligation with anti-CM1 mAb induced apoptosis in Ramos $(IgM^{high})$ and Raji $(IgM^{low})$ cells. Methods & Results: In the present study, we observed that CM1 ligation with anti-CM1 mAb induced Fas ligand and Fas expression in Ramos cells, but not in Raji cells. Furthermore, anti-Fas blocking antibody, ZB4, blocked CM1-mediated apoptosis effectively in Ramos cells, but not in Raji cells. Increased mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, which was measured by $DiOC_6$, was observed only in Raji cells. In contrast to no significant change of Bax known as pro-apoptotic protein, anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly decreased in Raji cells. In addition, we observed that CM1 ligation increased release of mitochondrial cytochrome c and upregulated caspase-9 activity in Raji cells. Conclusion: These results suggest that apoptosis induced by CM1-ligation is mediated by Fas-Fas ligand interaction in Ramos cells, whereas apoptosis is mediated by down-regulation of Bcl-2 and subsequent decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential in Raji cells.

• 한국환경생물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국환경생물학회 2001년도 학술대회
• /
• pp.126-126
• /
• 2001

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.443-452
• /
• 2000

Objective : This study was designed to evaluate the synergistic effect on cytotoxicity of combination with adriamycin and Palginhonhapwhajucwhan, a traditional prescription for cancer treatment in oriental medicine, in Chang, HL-60, Hep-3B and Alexander cells. Methods : We observed cell viability in Chang, HL-60, Hep-3B, and Alexander cells by crystal violet staining. Those cells were treated with various concentrations of adriamycin alone, Palginhonhapwhajucwhan alone and combination of two medications for 10 hr. On condition of $0.5{\mu}l/ml$ adriamycin alone, $15.6{\mu}l/ml$ Paljintanghapwhajucwhan alone and combination of two medications, at first, we observed colony forming of Chang and HL-60 cells. Second, we observed DNA fragmentation by agarose electrophoresis in Chang, HL-60, Hep-38 and Alexander cells. Third, we measured the catalytic activation of caspase-1, 2, 3, 6, 8, and 9 protease in Chang cells and caspase-3 protease in Chang, HL-60, Hep-3B and Alexander cells by using fluorogenic substrate. Finally, we isolated mRNA of Fas in Chang, HL-60, Hep-38 and Alexander cells and observed that Fas gene was amplified by RT-PCR Results : 1. The combination of adriamycin and Palginhonhapwhajucwhan synergistically augmented the cytotoxicity of Chang and HL-60 cells whereas did not in Hep-38 and Alexander cells. 2. Cotreatment of two drugs also markedly inhibited the colony forming ability both in Chang and HL-60 cells. 3. The cytotoxicity of these medicatons was revealed as apoptosis characterized by high molecular wight DNA fragmentaton. 4. The apoptotic cytotoxicity was mediated by activation of caspase-3 protease in Chang cells. 5. Synergistic increase in apoptotic cytotoxicity by combination of two medications was dependent on the expression of Fas in cancer cells. Conclusions : Combination of adriamycin and Palginhonhapwhajucwhan significantly augmented apoptotic cytotoxicity of Fas-positive cells such as Chang and HL-60 cells via acticaton of apoptosis signaling pathway.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• 제46권4호
• /
• pp.152-165
• /
• 2019

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of vitrification on apoptosis and survival in human preantral follicles after thawing. Methods: This experimental study was conducted at an acute tertiary care hospital from March 2012 to April 2013. Ovaries were sliced into 5 × 5 × 1-mm pieces and divided into the following three groups: preantral follicle isolation, ovarian tissue vitrification-warming followed by follicle isolation, and immunohistochemistry of fresh ovarian tissue. For statistical analyses, the Student t-test, chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used. Results: A total of 161 preantral follicles (70% secondary) were collected from ovarian cortex tissue of six women between 30 and 37 years of age who underwent oophorectomy due to cervical cancer or breast cancer. There were no significant differences in the follicular morphology of fresh preantral follicles and vitrified follicles after thawing. The mean Fas ligand (FasL) mRNA expression level was 0.43 ± 0.20 (relative to β-actin) in fresh preantral follicles versus 0.51 ± 0.20 in vitrified follicles (p= 0.22). The mean caspase-3 mRNA expression level in fresh preantral follicles was 0.56 ± 0.49 vs. 0.27 ± 0.21 in vitrified follicles (p= 0.233). One vitrified-thawed secondary follicle grew and developed to an antral follicle within 6 days of culture. Conclusion: Vitrification did not affect preantral follicle morphology or mRNA expression of the apoptosis markers FasL and caspase-3. Further studies are required to establish whether vitrification affects the outcomes of in vitro culture and the maturation of preantral follicles.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권9호
• /
• pp.3981-3986
• /
• 2014

Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) extracted from Ganoderma lucidum have been shown to induce cell death in some kinds of cancer cells. This study investigated the cytotoxic and apoptotic effect of GLP on HCT-116 human colon cancer cells and the molecular mechanisms involved. Cell proliferation, cell migration, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and intracellular free calcium levels ($[Ca^{2+}]i$) were determined by MTT, wound-healing, LDH release and fluorescence assays, respectively. Cell apoptosis was observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. For the mechanism studies, caspase-8 activation, and Fas and caspase-3 expression were evaluated. Treatment of HCT-116 cells with various concentrations of GLP (0.625-5 mg/mL) resulted in a significant decrease in cell viability (P< 0.01). This study showed that the antitumor activity of GLP was related to cell migration inhibition, cell morphology changes, intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ elevation and LDH release. Also, increase in the levels of caspase-8 activity was involved in GLP-induced apoptosis. Western blotting indicated that Fas and caspase-3 protein expression was up-regulated after exposure to GLP. This investigation demonstrated for the first time that GLP shows prominent anticancer activities against the HCT-116 human colon cancer cell line through triggering intracellular calcium release and the death receptor pathway.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제14권10호
• /
• pp.5783-5788
• /
• 2013

Trigonella foenum in graecum (Fenugreek) is a traditional herbal plant used to treat disorders like diabetes, high cholesterol, wounds, inflammation, gastrointestinal ailments, and it is believed to have anti-tumor properties, although the mechanisms for the activity remain to be elucidated. In this study, we prepared a methanol extract from Fenugreek whole plants and investigated the mechanism involved in its growth-inhibitory effect on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Apoptosis of MCF-7 cells was evidenced by investigating trypan blue exclusion, TUNEL and Caspase 3, 8, 9, p53, FADD, Bax and Bak by real-time PCR assays inducing activities, in the presence of FME at $65{\mu}g/mL$ for 24 and 48 hours. FME induced apoptosis was mediated by the death receptor pathway as demonstrated by the increased level of Fas receptor expression after FME treatment. However, such change was found to be absent in Caspase 3, 8, 9, p53, FADD, Bax and Bak, which was confirmed by a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. In summary, these data demonstrate that at least 90% of FME induced apoptosis in breast cell is mediated by Fas receptor-independently of either FADD, Caspase 8 or 3, as well as p53 interdependently.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.140-150
• /
• 2002

Objectives: The water extract of Omija-tang (OMIT) has traditionally been used for treatment of ischemic heart and brain damage in oriental medicine. However, little is known about the mechanism by which the water extract of OMJT rescues cells from these damages. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the protective mechanisms of OMJT on oxidative stress-induced toxicity in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells. Methods: Treatments of $H_2O_2$, or $ZnC_{12}$ markedly induced death of H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells in a dose-dependent manner. The characteristics of oxidative stress-induced death of H9c2 showed apparent apoptotic features such as DNA fragmentation. OMJT significantly reduced both ${H_2O_2}-induced$ cell death and chromatin fragmentation. The decrease of B치-XL expression by $H_2O_2$ were inhibited by OMJT. In addition, the increase of Bcl-XS expression was also inhibited by OMJT. In particular, Fas expression, which is generally recognized as cell death-inducing signal by Fas/FasL interaction, was markedly increased by H2O2 in a time-dependent manner. Also, the expression profile of proteins in Chang cells were screened by using two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis. Among 300 spots resolved in 2-D gels; the comparison of control versus apoptotis cells revealed that signal intensity of 6 spots decreased and 11 spots increased. Results and Conclusions: Taken together, this study suggests that the protective effects of the water extract of OMJT against oxidative damages may be mediated by the modulation of Bcl-XL/S Fas expression.