• 한국가금학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.143-149
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• 2017

본 연구는 국내 산란계 동물복지 인증농가의 사육형태(무창, 개방, 방사)와 품종별(Hy-Line, Lohmann) 생산성과 질병발생에 대한 기초자료를 수집하기 위해 수행하였다. 초산일령은 무창 151일, 개방과 방사형 계사에서 각각 141일령이었으며, 각 계사의 산란피크는 91.8%, 92.9% 및 86.3%이었다. 사육형태에 따른 18~37주령 산란율은 무창, 개방, 방사에서 각각 70.9%, 77.4% 및 65.6%였으며, 32~36주령 산란율은 91.9%, 90.1% 및 76.2%였다. 평균 오 파란율은 무창, 개방, 방사형 계사에서 각각 2.84%, 1.15% 및 0.23%로 나타났다. 개방계사의 폐사율이 다른 사육형태에 비해 낮았다. Hy-Line의 초산일령은 155일, Lohmanndms 157일이었으며, 산란피크는 각각 92.9%(252일)와 97.2%(237일)이었다. 품종에 따른 평균 산란율은 Hy-Line 83.7%, Lohmann 76.9%였다. Hy-Line의 폐사율은 Lohmann종에 비해 낮게 나타났다. 난중, Haugh unit 및 난황색은 방사형 계사에서 유의적인 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). ND의 항체역가는 개방계사에서 낮았으며, IB와 APV의 항체역가는 3농가 모두 높게 나타났다. SG, SE, SP, FAdV 및 ILT는 사육형태에 따른 세 농가에서 검출되지 않았다. 국내 산란계 동물복지 인증농가는 증가하는 반면 산란계 동물복지 인증농가의 사육형태에 따른 자료들은 매우 부족하다. 따라서 본 연구는 산란계 동물복지 인증농가의 사육형태별 생산성 및 질병발생에 대해 분석한 자료이며, 향후 국내 동물복지 인증을 받은 산란계 농장의 생산성 향상 및 질병예방을 위한 기초자료로서 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제11권3로
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• pp.169-176
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 국내 2층 돈사 및 톱밥돈사를 조사하였으며 현재 양돈에 적용되고 있는 분뇨처리 형태, 사육형태, 환기방식 및 돈사건축비의 실태를 현장조사를 통하여 분석, 평가함으로써 이를 바탕으로 우리나라 기후와 조건에 적합한 분뇨처리와 돼지사육이 가능한 고상식 돈사의 건축모델에 적용 가능성을 고려할 목적으로 무창 2층 돈사와 개방식 톱밥돈사 농장을 방문 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 2층 돈사의 분뇨에 수분조절재로 톱밥, 수피, 왕겨를 사용하였다. 톱밥돈사는 톱밥만을 사용하였으며, 수분조절재의 사용깊이는 대체로 $30\~60cm$로, 이용기간은 평균 $3\~6$개월 정도 이용하였다. 2. 2층 돈사에서 돼지의 사육형태는 1층에서는 주로 임신돈 및 분만돈을 사육하였고 2층은 자돈과 육성돈을 사육하고 있었다. 3. 환기시스템은 기본적으로 2층 무창돈사는 기계적 환기(mechanical ventilation)시스템을 설치하였고 톱밥돈사는 자연환기(natural ventilation)시스템으로 조합되어 있었다. 4. 2층 돈사의 단열재는 블록, 칼라강판 및 샌드위치 판넬 등을 사용하였고 단열재두께는 지붕 $75\~100mm$, 벽이 $50\~75mm$였으며 천장높이는 최소 2.0, 최대 3.0m로 조사되었다. 5. 평당 건축비는 무창 이층돈사는$70\~1,400$천원 이내였으며, 개방식 톱밥돈사는 자체 건축한 곳을 제외하고는 $300\~400$천원 내외로 건축비가 소요되었다

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.185-199
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• 2019

한국의 시설원예는 짧은 기간에 주목할 만큼 발전하였지만, 높은 경영비와 시장개방 등 불리한 주변 여건에 대응하여 국제경쟁력을 확보하기 위해서는 시설원예의 문제점 진단과 분석을 통하여 대응책을 마련하여야 한다. 본 연구는 스마트 팜을 2세대 지능형 스마트 팜으로 발전시키기 위한 목적을 가지고 있다. 이를 위하여 선도사례와 실증사례 연구를 통해 작물 생육 정보의 활용 및 분석 능력이 생산성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 실증사례를 통하여 고찰한다. 정보통신기술(ICT)을 도입한 시설원예 스마트 팜과 빅데이터를 활용한 농업기술이 농가의 생산성에 어떤 기여를 하고 있는지에 대하여 선도농가의 사례를 분석하였다. 이와 함께 작물 생육 정보 수집 및 분석 솔루션을 개발하여 수경재배 토마토 농가에서 산출된 생산성 변화 요인을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 첫째, 작물 생육 정보 엽온의 활용 필요성이다. 엽온의 활용 범위는 시설 내 하우스 환기, 보온 커튼의 열고 닫음, 최초 관수 시점과 종료 시점 결정 등 다양하게 활용할 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 둘째, 작물 생육 정보 함수율의 활용 필요성이다. 작물 생육 함수율 정보는 작물의 현재 상태가 영양 생장인지, 생식 생장인지를 확인 가능하게 하며, 광합성 능력에 따라 함수율을 인위적으로 조절할 수 있다는 것이 확인되었다. 셋째, 작물의 EC, pH 정보를 활용하는 것이다. 작물에 따라 기후조건에 따라 EC 값을 달리해야 한다. 공급되는 EC, pH와 배액에서 측정되는 EC, pH를 비교하여 현재 작물의 생육 상태를 확인할 수 있다는 것이 확인되었다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 스마트 팜의 측정 생육 정보를 어떻게 활용하는가에 따라 생산성에 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.630-633
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• 2008

Geothermal heat pump systems use the earth as a heat source in heating mode and a heat sink in cooling mode. These systems can be used for heating or cooling systems in farm facilities such as greenhouses for protected horticulture, cattle sheds, mushroom house and etc. A horizontal type means that a geothermal heat exchanger is laid in the trench buried in 1.2 to 1.8 m depth. Because a horizontal type has advantages of low installation, operation and maintenance costs compared to a vertical type, it is easy to be adopted to agriculture. In this study, to heat and cool farm facilities and obtain basic data for practical application of horizontal geothermal heat pump system in agriculture, a horizontal geothermal heat pump system of 10 RT was installed in greenhouse. Heating and cooling performance of this system was estimated. The horizontal geothermal heat pump used in this study had heating COP of 4.57 at soil temperature of $14^{\circ}C$ with depth of 1.75m and heating COP of 3.75 at soil temperature of $7^{\circ}C$ with the same depth. The cooling COP was 2.7 at ground temperature at 1.75m depth of $25.5^{\circ}C$ and 2.0 at the temperature of $33.5^{\circ}C$.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.855-857
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• 2001

The aim of this study was to assess the associations of some potential risk factors and occurrence of calf mortality in large-scale dairy farms. Njoro area of the Rift valley, Kenya was selected due to its potential of large-scale dairy farms, since the time of the Europeans settlers. The study was retrospective and focused on the calves dying from January 1996 through October 1998. Sample of studied population consisted of 105 calves extracted from the farm records. Data was collected using a questionnaire and were grouped into farm-level and animal-level factors. Calf mortality was 15.6% and important risk factors for calf mortality were sex of calf, season of birth, pneumonia disease, age of dam when calf was born and house type for calves. Female calve born during colder wet seasons and born to dams of 2-4.5 years of age were equally at higher risk. Calves raised in movable pens compared to those raised in permanent pens were at higher risk of mortality from pneumonia. Animal level factors were major causes of calf mortality in commercial farms used in this study and therefore details study is needed in these factors in controlling the calf mortality rates.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.6823-6831
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• 2015

이 연구는 주요 시설채소 작목인 오이(반촉성) 농가의 경영현황을 진단하고 개별 오이농가의 생산효율성 증대를 위해 필요한 요인을 도출하고 있다. 주요 경영지표 검토 및 세부 경영효율성 분석 결과 오이농가에는 향후 규모화보다는 기술효율성 증대를 통한 생산효율성 증대 가능성이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 생산량은 순수기술효율성과 양의 상관관계를 가지지만 그 정도가 미미해, 일정한 조건 하에서는 순수기술효율성 증대를 위해 투입요소의 절감이 더 시급한 것으로 도출되었다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.544-547
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• 2002

According to the rising of national economic level. domestic consumption of vegetables having high additive values is increased continuously due to increased consumption of meat in last decade. These vegetables are produced almost in this country and are limited to import from neighbor countries in due of high transportation expenses for storing in refrigerated container. It is very important to mechanize the harvest work, forming more than 30% for their production cost, in order to cultivate variable vegetables at the same time according to their harvesting seasons. In this state its former harvest methods, with using of human power or semi-automatic harvest, caused to increase their production cost due to high labor cost and low working efficiency. The former onion harvest being operated almost by semi-automatic plant distributer mechanism have many limit and troublesome for cultivation spaces, vinyle mulched ridge, gravel mixture in soil. Therefore, it is necessary to develope a fully automatic and self-running situation and overcome above handicaps, even in the farm covered with vinyle house or mulch sheets. This newly developed onion harvest can be applied to plant various young trees and will be able to export together with onion haying their competition in the worldwide market in which the culinary vegetable method or farm conditions is similar to our country.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.249-254
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• 2000

태양열 집열판을 이용한 가온재배 실태를 조사 분석하고 그에 따른 문제점을 도출하여 해결방안을 모색, 향후 자연에너지 이용 기기제작 및 사용의 기초자료를 제공하고자 태양열 집열판을 이용한 20농가를 조사한 결과, 설치 비용은 18백만원/20a정도 소요되었으며, 주 재배작목은 토마토(30%)와 화훼(40%)였고, 포도, 고추, 오이, 상추 및 딸기 등도 일부 재배하고 있었다. 태양열이용 정보는 대부분 지도기관에서 얻고 있었으며, 연료절감 효과가 20%미만이라고 응답한 농가가 75%로 지도기관에서 조사한 대부분 20%이상과는 차이가 있었다. 연료절감 효과에 비하여 시설비의 과중과 시공업체의 기술부족이 문제점으로 나타나 이의 보완이 필요하였다.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.142-157
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• 2001

This study was conducted to get the basic information for promoting farm machinery productivity by surveying the regular maintenance and repair status of major farm machinery such as power tiller, farm tractor, rice transplanter and combine harvester. The survey was carried out through 9 provinces including Cheju province by direct visiting farmers with prepared questionnaire. The results of this study can be summarized as follows : 1. The average farming carrier of the surveyed farmers was 25.3 years, and 21-30 years of farming carrier showed the highest portion as 40.7%. The average carrier of using farm machinery was 9.4 years, and that was 14.9 years for power tiller, 8.3 years for farm tractor, 9.0 years for rice transplanter, 7.9 years for combine harvester, 7.5 years for mini tiller, 9.7 years for power sprayer, and 8.2 years for binder etc. 2. The regular maintenance for farm machinery was conducted mainly at repair shop (49.5%) or dealer agency (12.0%) as 61.5%, and 34.9% of farmers conducted the regular maintenance by themselves at their house. 3. The reasons for not-fully recognizing operation manual and insufficient before-, during-, after-maintenance of farm machinery were insufficient time for them (45.8%), troublesome (22.9%), unknown maintenance method (16.3%), unknown the necessity for maintenance (12.4%), and others (2.6%) in order. 4. For the annual exchange of engine oil, 3.2 times is necessary but actually 1.7 times was exchanged for power tiller, 4.3 times is necessary but actually 1.9 times was exchanged for farm tractor, 2.7 times is necessary but actually 1.7 times was exchanged for rice transplanter, 2.2 times is necessary but actually 2.3 times was exchanged combine harvester. 5. For the annual cleanness or exchange of fuel filter, 3.2 times is necessary but actually 1.1 times was done for power tiller, 4.3 times is necessary but actually 1.6 times was done for farm tractor, 2.7 times is necessary but actually 1.7 times was done for rice transplanter, 1.9 times is necessary but actually 0.8 times was done for combine harvester. 6. For the annual cleanness or exchange of air filter, 3.2 times is necessary but actually 1.4 times was done for power tiller, 4.2 times is necessary but actually 2.4 times was done for farm tractor, 2.6 times is necessary but actually 1.6 times was done for rice transplanter, 3.9 times is necessary but actually 7.0 times was done for combine harvester. 7. For the experience of breakdown related to maintenance, 5.3% of farmers experienced breakdown due to the insufficient exchange of engine oil, 7.7% of farmers experienced breakdown due to the insufficient cleanness or exchange of fuel filter, and 2.9% of farmers experienced breakdown due to the insufficient cleanness or exchange of air filter. 8. Most farmers (76.1%) recognized the necessity for agricultural machinery training or education, and most farmers preferred about one week for the training period, simple or ease maintenance for the training level, agricultural technical center or agricultural machinery manufacturer for the training agency. 9. Complete recognition of operation manual and sufficient before-, during-, and after-maintenance for farm machinery can minimize the breakdown as well as conduct suitable period farming, enlarge the endurance, prevent the safety accidents, and promote productivity of farm machinery. Therefore, these can be accomplished by the thorough training or education for agricultural machinery.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.41-48
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• 1985

In near future about 500,000 hectares of Japanese larch and pitch pine need thinning to improve crop-tree spacing and reasonable species composition in Korea. Although thinned trees show very little high quality wood, in fact, all the sawed products are suitable for construction and farming materials. Studies on the utilization of thinned small-diameter trees have been implemented in order to increase lumber yield and display the skeleton of farm buildings. The results obtained in this study were summarized as follows: 1. According to Korean Conifers Log Grading System, log grade 3 was 87.4 percent in Japanese larch bolts and 95.8 percent in pitch pine bolts from thinned trees. The ability to identify defects was essential for grading logs. 2. Cutting diagrams of sawing were developed for 1-sided sawing, 2-sided sawing and 3-sided sawing by small end diameter class of bolt and cutting sizes also were found to use effectively lumber with wane. 3. Lumber recovery of Pitch pine was a little higher than that of Japanese larch. The maximum lumber yields of pitch pine by sawing patterns were 87.2 percent for 1-sided sawing, 80.8 percent for 2-sided sawing an 64.1 percent for 3-sided sawing, up yield compared with 58.1 percent for 4-sided sawing. The lumber yield of 1, 2 and 3-sided sawing significantly was higher value than that of 4-sided sawing. 4. Lumber was inspected and graded. Lumber quality of diameter class 12cm was a little better than that of diameter class 8cm, but 90 percent of lumber in diameter c1ass 16cm fell into grade 3. The lumber grade was classified by Korean standard grades of confiers lumber. 5. Lumber from 1, 2 and 3-sided sawing was used to build the skeleton of a farm house ($53m^2$) and greenhouse ($60m^2$) in order to display more efficient use of small diameter trees from thinning 6. Total volume of timber for building a farm house was $8.1m^3$ of imported timber. Timber of $7m^3$, 70 percent of total volume would be substituted imported timber for domestic timber.