• Molecules and Cells
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.13-25
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• 2021

Apoptosis and compensatory proliferation, two intertwined cellular processes essential for both development and adult homeostasis, are often initiated by the mis-regulation of centrosomal proteins, damaged DNA, and defects in mitosis. Fly Anastral spindle 3 (Ana3) is a member of the pericentriolar matrix proteins and known as a key component of centriolar cohesion and basal body formation. We report here that ana3m19 is a suppressor of lethality induced by the overexpression of Sol narae (Sona), a metalloprotease in a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motif (ADAMTS) family. ana3m19 has a nonsense mutation that truncates the highly conserved carboxyl terminal region containing multiple Armadillo repeats. Lethality induced by Sona overexpression was completely rescued by knockdown of Ana3, and the small and malformed wing and hinge phenotype induced by the knockdown of Ana3 was also normalized by Sona overexpression, establishing a mutually positive genetic interaction between ana3 and sona. p35 inhibited apoptosis and rescued the small wing and hinge phenotype induced by knockdown of ana3. Furthermore, overexpression of Ana3 increased the survival rate of irradiated flies and reduced the number of dying cells, demonstrating that Ana3 actively promotes cell survival. Knockdown of Ana3 decreased the levels of both intra- and extracellular Sona in wing discs, while overexpression of Ana3 in S2 cells dramatically increased the levels of both cytoplasmic and exosomal Sona due to the stabilization of Sona in the lysosomal degradation pathway. We propose that one of the main functions of Ana3 is to stabilize Sona for cell survival and proliferation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.477-490
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• 2019

This study analyzes the process of overcoming prejudice and discrimination experiences of mothers with disabilities and looks for improvement points. It is interviewed 9 mothers of children with disabilities who were experiencing prejudice and discrimination while raising children with disabilities. The data collection was conducted from October to November, 2018 and one by on one in depth interview by using semi - structured questionnaires. Data analysis was done through consensual qualitative research (CQR). The result of CQR while it is a experiencing the process of prejudice and discrimination as well as coping the raising disabled children. 'Prejudice and discrimination experience of mothers with disabilities' and 'overcoming of discrimination experiences of mothers with disabilities' were derived. And the seven sub-regions, 28 categories, were finally constructed. The results of the study are as follows. Firstly, Prejudice and discrimination experiences of mothers with disabilities in raising children with disabilities are view of looking at children with disabilities comparing to those of normal children and children with disabilities. It seems that they want to treat the disabled child as the general child with an attitude of understanding and accepting the disabled child rather than looking at the disabled child with wrong perception, prejudice, stereotypes and rejection. Secondly, The process of overcoming the discrimination experiences of the mother of the disabled child is strengthening the cohesion and cohesion within the family in the process of accepting and coping with the disability family of the child with disabilities even if they raise the child with disability and have difficulties such as recognition bias and discrimination of the general public. Based on the results of this study, we suggested practical and policy implications for the mother's psychological stability of the child with disability and the disabled child's healthy life.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.43-71
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• 2009

This study is aimed at performing art therapy and looking into the effect on declining depression and anxiety and improving self-esteem, targeting at maladaptive behavior child in home and school living. So, this study made an application of fine art programs 2 session a week, for 50minutes each, total 24 sessions, targeting at elementary 1st girl graders(7 years old in full) in J city. In the end-term, this study performed a fine art therapy for 6 sessions together with mother-children. This study used a Korean-style Children Depression Inventory(CDI) developed by Kovacs and Beak(1977) and adapted by Jo Su Cheol and Lee Young Sik(1990) to look into children's decline in depression and anxiety and Revised Child Manifest Anxiety Scale(RCMAS) produced by Reynolds and Richmond(1978) and adapted by Jo Su Cheol and Choi Jin Suk(1990) to look into improvement of self-esteem. This study performed and analyzed KHTP, KFD painting examination, prior as well as post, to perform children's emotional appraisal and analyzed, classified with sessions, children's change in the progress of programs. The results of this study were as follows: First, fine art therapy was effective in declining children's depression and anxiety. Second, fine art therapy was effective in improving children's self-esteem. Third, children changed their emotional stability affirmatively in KHTP, KFD painting tests. Family affinity and cohesion were strengthened and changed into friendly family. Fourth, in the progress of programs, classified with sessions, children inclined their depression and anxiety and improved their self-esteem. This study leads to the result that art therapy inclines depression and anxiety in maladaptive behavior child and has an affirmative effect on improving self-esteem.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.61
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• pp.93-136
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to find specific practice methods of single parents self-help groups in community welfare centers. A participatory action research was conducted to achieve the purpose. Six social workers and three researchers participated in the study who shared the problem of lack of specific practice methods even though a self-help group was useful for self-reliance and empowerment of low-income single-parents. Various activities such as reading articles, analysis of each self-help group, case studies, and learning facilitation methods were conducted during 10 meetings. At the same time, peer supervision proceeded at each meeting. The progress of each group was shared, the application of practice methods and plans were discussed, and applying discussed methods to group practice and reviewing the process and outcomes of the practice were repeated in the peer supervison. As a result, the following positive changes appeared: First, the goals and vision of each group became clearer. Second, initiative of the members was promoted. Third, intimacy, mutual cooperation, the attatchment to the group were strengthened. A qualitative analysis was also conducted on the content discussed. As a result, 17 practice methods were derived in four themes such as initiative/ empowerment, cohesion, leadership, and destandardization. Practice issues concerning single parents self-help groups in community welfare centers were discussed based on the results.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.163-174
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• 1997

This study was to know the influence of familial environment and moral development on conduct disorder. Subjects were composed of 47 male and female patients with conduct disorder(patients group), 113 general male and female students(normal group), and 173 juvenile prisoners(JP group). The Korean Form of the Family Environment Scale(FES) was used to assess the family environment of the subjects and the Korean Defining Issues Test(DIT) was used to assess the moral development. Conduct disorder was diagnosed with the DSM-III-R criteria for conduct disorder. The influence of familial environment and moral development on conduct disorder was analyzed with ANOVA and the differences among groups were verified with Scheffe test. There was no difference in the socioeconomic status and the physical abuse by the parents among the three groups. But the rates of divorce or separation of the parents were significantly highest in the JP group and higher in the patients group than in the normal group. Especially the subjects of the JP group experienced the divorce or separation of their parents during the preschool or the elementary school periods. In regard to the family environment, there was no difference among the three groups in the Subscales of Expressiveness, Independence, Intellectual-cultural orientation, Moral-religious emphasis, Organization, and Control. ‘Cohesion Subscale’ was significantly higher in the normal group than in the JP group. ‘Conflict Subscale’ was significantly higher in the JP and patients groups than in the normal group. ‘Achievement orientation Subscale’ was significantly lower in the JP group than in the patients and normal groups. ‘Activerecreational orientation’ was significantly lower in the normal group than in the JP and patients groups. In gegard to the moral developmental stage, the lower moral developmental step was higher in the JP and patients groups than in the normal group. The higher steps were significantly higher in the normal group than in the JP group. There was no significant correlation between the degree of ‘Moral-religious emphasis Subscale’ and the moral development. The clinical implication and limitation of present study were listed and discussed.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.32
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• pp.123-150
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to seek practical intelligences for certain persons who wish to be a guard by studying for what practical public guards' recognition of organization and vocation is. The results of this study were as follows. First, Six study participants presented 'Respect within members', 'Atmosphere like family', 'Premium members', and 'Economic compensation & wealth of budget' as essential requirements for the best guard organization. Second, they also presented 'Systematic daily task & training', 'Exact selection system', and 'Strong cohesion & teamwork' as strong points of their organization. Third, they mentioned 'Internal evaluation system', 'Lack of education contents', and 'Limited position circulation' as weak points of their organization. Fourth, they mentioned that they feel encouraged itself as they work in the best guard organization, while they were skeptical when the citizens did not cooperate with them and they were not fully rewarded for their injury. Fifth, they expressed 'Difficulty of business cooperation', 'Unstable living patterns', 'Inconsistent assessment', and 'Continuing tension' as difficulties for performing the duties and stress causes. Lastly, they recognized of job security and self-esteem as they work in the best guard organization as advantages of a job, while they recognized of controlled life, low salaries and welfare level compared to duty importance and risks as disadvantages of a job. Consequently, students who wish to be a guard should consider job and organization attributes and set their career goals refer to these results.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.375-385
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• 2015

The study is to develop specific strategies to prevent adolescents' depression, early detection and intervention services. This study was a descriptive research study with the purpose of predictors of protective factors for depression in adolescent using decision making tree analysis. The subjects for the study were 485 student in G city. This study collected data between September 23, 2013 and September 26, 2013 and analyzed them with frequency analysis, percentage, the mean and standard deviation, ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, and a decision-making tree by using SPSS 20.0 program. From the data analysis, the predictive model for protective factors related to depression in adolescent with 4 pathways, 12 nodes. The common predicting variables of depression in adolescent were characteristics, family cohesion, parent adolescent communication, peer communication. The specialty of training data and test data was 76.0% and 65.4%. The sensitivity of training data was 78.2% and 63.7%. As for the classification accuracy, training data and test data explained 70.1% and 69.7%. Parent adolescent communication and peer communication to decrease depression of Korean middle and high school students are necessary. This study should contribute as baseline data for intervention strategies and planning ability of depression prevention in adolescents.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• no.37
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• pp.429-455
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to generate a substantive theory that accounts for the social readaptation of the women who have engaged in prostitution and propose a practical program for them. We used the grounded theory developed by Strauss and Corbin(1990). Raw data were collected through the in-depth interview, documents and observation. We used constant comparative method for the data analysis. The nine women who had the exprience of prostitution have participated in this study. As a result of the data analysis, in open coding were generated 116 concepts, 29 subcategories and 12 categories, In axial coding the outcomes of a paradigm model were as follows. The causal conditions were named 'hostile environment' and 'the self endowed stigma'. The phenomenon turned out to be 'living as an anonymous being'. The contextual conditions were named 'cohesion of family', 'being pushed' and 'shrinked emotion'. The intervening conditions were presented to be 'desire of self restoration as a social being', 'reactionary reconstruction'. The action/interaction strategies turned out to be 'shifting of social status', 'neighbor alliance'. The consequences were presented to be 'psychological wayfarer' and 'tentacular living'. In selective coding we found a core category, 'repetition of leaving and returning from the life world'. Based on the phenomenon, two types of participants life attitudes were found as follows : present hesitating type, self concealing type. Following the adove results, We finally suggested the need to develope a community oriented case management model.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.131-142
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• 2011

In recent years, Social Network Service, which is defined as a web-based service that allows an individual to construct a public or a semi-public profile within a bounded system, articulates a list of other users with whom they share connections, and traverses their list of connections. For example, Facebook and Twitter are the representative sites of Social Network Service, and these sites are the big issue in the world. A lot of people use Social Network Services to connect and maintain social relationship. Recently the users of Social Network Services have increased dramatically. Accordingly, many organizations become interested in Social Network Services as means of marketing, media, communication with their customers, and so on, because social network services can offer a variety of benefits to organizations such as companies and associations. In other words, organizations can use Social Network Services to respond rapidly to various user's behaviors because Social Network Services can make it possible to communicate between the users more easily and faster. And marketing cost of the Social Network Service is lower than that of existing tools such as broadcasts, news papers, and direct mails. In addition, Social network Services are growing in market place. So, the organizations such as companies and associations can acquire potential customers for the future. However, organizations uniformly communicate with users through Social Network Service without consideration of the characteristics of the networks although networks have different effects on information deliveries. For example, members' cohesion in an offline communication is higher than that in an online communication because the members of the offline communication are very close. that is, the network of the offline communication has a strong tie. Accordingly, information delivery is fast in the network of the offline communication. In this study, we compose two networks which have different characteristic of communication in Twitter. First network is constructed with data based on an offline communication such as friend, family, senior and junior in school. Second network is constructed with randomly selected data from users who want to associate with friends in online. Each network size is 250 people who divide with three groups. The first group is an ego which means a person in the center of the network. The second group is the ego's followers. The last group is composed of the ego's follower's followers. We compare the networks through social network analysis and follower's reaction analysis. We investigate density and centrality to analyze the characteristic of each network. And we analyze the follower's reactions such as replies and retweets to find differences of information delivery in each network. Our experiment results indicate that density and centrality of the offline communicationbased network are higher than those of the online-based network. Also the number of replies are larger than that of retweets in the offline communication-based network. On the other hand, the number of retweets are larger than that of replies in the online based network. We identified that the effect of information delivery in the offline communication-based network was different from those in the online communication-based network through experiments. So, you configure the appropriate network types considering the characteristics of the network if you want to use social network as an effective marketing tool.