• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.292-304
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• 1999

The lengthened average span of human life by virtue of recent developments in medicine has caused the Population of elders to increase. The development of modern industrial society has transformed family structure from the large family system to that of a nuclear family. Due to the shift in family structure, the problem of support for the aged has surfaced as a nursing problem as well as a social problem. With regard to this problem, this study aims to investigate the adolescent's understanding of elders and aging. By identifying their understanding and classifying their attitude patterns, this study will help the nursing assessment of the support of elders in the family. This study employed Q-methodology and the research was conducted from December 1998 to May 1999. One method of the research included deep interviews with elders, those who are in their 50's. 40's or 30's. and the adolescent. 183 Q-Populations taken from literary works such as poems or novels were also formed as another method. Finally. 36 Q-cards were made after consultation with Professors of the nursing department. The subjects of the P- sample were 30 high sohoolboys/girls - who were in first, second, and third years. The result showed that 3 factors provided an explanation for 59.14% of the whole variables: the first factor, 41.37%; the second factor. 11.49%, and the third factor. 6.28%. These three factors were analyzed and categorized as three types. Twenty subjects out of the 30 were included in Type 1: Respecting Elders. The statements which showed the most positive consent were as follows: 'The declining age is a perfect time to prosper completing a worthy life' ; 'Getting old. one needs financial stability' and 'Elders wish the best for their children' The statements showing the most negative response were as follows: 'It is better to die than to live as an older person' ; 'Elders are insignificant' ; and 'Getting old is the worst unhappiness that tortures human.' Four subjects were included in Type 2. Resenting Elders. The statements which showed the most positive consent were as follows: 'Aging is a process of dying that nobody can escape from'. 'Elders should be concerned about his health and try to maintain their health' ; and 'When you set older. you regret about the life in the Past.' The statements showing the most negative response were as follows: 'When You get older. You should stand aloof greed and worldly things' 'When You got older, You become generous and gentle' ; and 'When You set he gets old. You change to become a comfortable and warm person.' Six out of 30 subject were included in Type 3 Caring Elders. The statements which showed the most positive consent were as follows: 'Elders should be concerned about his health and try to maintain their health' ; 'Elders wish the best for their children' ; and 'Elders deserve to be treated with filial respects.' The statements showing the most negative response were as follows 'Elders are insignificant' ; 'Elders have freedom and plenty of free time.' and 'Elders are alienated form and drove out of the society.' The above-mentioned results show that most adolescents in Korea recognize aging as the time of fruition and development: it is a time of benefiting and giving back to society. Aging can also be seen as a time of generosity and magnanimity and the time of respect and favorable treatment from society. despite the change of modern society and the ostensible transformation of a family system. Their recognition seems deeply rooted in the traditional confucian values and the dual family system which is Peculiar especially to the Korea - one which maintains both the superficial form of nuclear family and the substantial mode of the enlarged family system. In sum, many Korean adolescents attribute the meaning of the elderly and aging to the type of the respect with the elderly and the type of the elderly's caretaking.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제62권
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• pp.223-243
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• 2013

언론 조직이 표방하는 가치는 때로 충돌한다. 사주는 언론의 사회적 책임과 연관된 가치를 실현하는 보편적인 저널리스트로서의 역할을 기자들에게 주문하면서도, 결정적인 순간에는 조직의 존립이나 이익과 연관된 가치를 따르라고 요청한다. 이러한 현상은 사주나 언론 조직이 실질적으로 중시하는 가치가 따로 있기 때문에 발생하는 일이다. 이 논문은 조선일보를 사례로 삼아, 언론 조직이 진정으로 강조하는 가치가 무엇이며 그러한 가치가 지향하는 조직문화가 무엇인지 살펴볼 것이다. 이러한 목적을 위해 조선일보 안에서 수행되는 기념식이나 의례 같은 각종 퍼포먼스를 분석한다. 조직문화의 토대가 되는 가치는 퍼포먼스에 내포되어 있기 때문이다. 연구 결과에 따르면, 조선일보의 사주가 기자들에게 강조하는 핵심 가치는 '인화'이다. 인화의 가치가 강조되는 한, 보편적인 저널리스트로서의 책무보다는 조선일보라는 기업의 이익에 충실한 조직 구성원으로서의 역할을 다하는 것이 기자들에게 더 중요한 덕목으로 간주된다. 인화의 가치를 강조하는 조선일보의 조직문화를 언론계 전체로 일반화할 순 없겠지만, 우리는 이와 같은 연구를 통해 조직 중심적인 가치를 우선시하는 조직문화가 기자들의 저널리즘 행위에 대해 어떤 함의를 가질 수 있을지에 대해서도 생각해 볼 수 있다.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.103-139
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• 2002

한국사회는 IMF로부터 지원을 받는 경제불황기를 경험하면서 많은 변화를 겪어왔다. 이 연구에서는 이러한 급격한 사회변동 이후에 한국사람의 성공에 대한 의식을 살펴보고자 하였다. 이러한 결과를 IMF시대 이전의 선행연구(김의철, 박영신, 1998)와 비교하므로써, 한국사람의 성공에 관련된 사회적 표상을 토착심리학적 시각에서 분석하고 종합하는데 주된 목적이 있다. 분석대상은 총 988명으로, 초 중 고 대학생 481명과 그들의 부(236명) 모(271명)로 구성된 성인 507명이었다. 분석결과, 가장 자랑스러운 성공경험으로 학생은 학업성취를, 성인은 성공적인 가정생활을 지적하였다. 한국사람들에게 성공적인 가정생활이란, 자녀의 교육적 성취와 자녀의 발전 및 화목한 가정을 주로 의미하였다. 성공에 가장 큰 도움을 준 사람은 가족이었는데, 학생의 경우는 부모, 성인의 경우는 배우자가 가장 많았다. 초 중학생에서는 부모가 특히 중요하고, 고등학생 이후는 친구의 중요성이 증가하였다. 어떠한 분야에서든 성공하기 위해 다른 사람으로부터 받은 도움으로서, 학생과 성인 모두 정서적 지원을 가장 중요하게 인식하였다. 성공의 가장 중요한 원인으로서 과반수 정도의 청소년이 자기조절을 지적하였고, 성인 남자는 자기조절을, 성인 여자는 가정환경을 더욱 중요한 것으로 보았다. 이 연구의 결과를 IMF시대 이전의 선행연구 결과와 비교해 볼 때, 국가적인 경제 위기상황 이후에 가족의 중요성에 대한 지각이 더욱 증가하였지만, 학업성취 및 성공적인 가정생활의 중요성, 사회적 지원의 제공자로서 부모와 배우자, 이러한 가족으로부터 정서적 지원의 중요성, 성공의 원인으로서 자기조절에 대한 강조와 같은 핵심적인 결과가 일치하였다. 이와같이 반복적으로 나타난 유사한 결과를 통해, 한국인의 토착적인 성공의식을 종합하고, 이러한 의식의 기저에 있는 신념 및 가치체계에 대해 논의하였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.131-136
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• 1998

Attached algal community and several physico-chemicai characters were investigated at Seokjong hot spring in Chollabukdo in February and in April, 1997. The results of physico-chemicai factors are as follows : water temperatures were varied from 6.5$^{\circ}$C to 32.0$^{\circ}$C; pH range was 6.9 to 7.7; The levels of electric conductivity were 105 $\mu$mhos/cm to 477 $\mu$mhos/cm; chemical oxygen demand(COD) range was 1.5 mg/l to 21.2 mg/l; ammonia concentration was 0.20 mg/l to 8.74 mg/l; nitrate concentrations were 0.36 mg/l to 2.43 mg/l; phosphate concentration was N.D. to 0.52 mg/l; sulfur concentration was 14.6 mg/l to 66.1 mg/l. Attacched algal species were identified. Totally, 63 taxa were classified and composed of 4 phylum, 4 class, 10 order, 17 family and 31 genera. The total biomass of attacched algae was $1.036 \times 10^{7}$ cells/l that composed of $5.39 \times 10^{6}$ cells/l of blue-green algae, $4.05 \times 10^{6}$ cells/l of diatom and $0.93 \times 10^{6}$ cells/l of green algae. The succession of dominant species was Synechocystis thermalis. This could be due to the thermal wastewaters. in biotic indices tests, the values of dominance index(DI) were 0.33 to 0.67 in winter, 0.18 to 0.68 in spring. The values of diversity index(H') were 1.44 to 2.69 in winter, 1.62 to 2.89 in spring. And the values of eveness index (J) were 0.31 to 0.61 in winter, 0.37 to 0.65 in spring.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.139-145
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• 2013

There is a lack of data on metabolic risk factors during pre-puberty, which is important for identifying the subgroups of youth, at whom early interventions should be targeted. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of metabolic risk factors and its subsequent relations with dietary patterns in Korean pre-pubertal children through a cross-sectional sample (n = 1,008; boys = 513) of pre-pubertal children (aged 8-9 years) from a sub-study of the Korea Metabolic Syndrome Research Initiatives (KMSRI) in Seoul, Korea. Measures of anthropometry and blood pressure as well as fasting blood samples were used in the analysis. A three-day food records were collected. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to the age-adjusted National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. An added metabolic risk score was calculated for each subject by summing the quintile values of the five individual risk factors. Among the 5 risk components of metabolic syndrome, high waist circumference (WC) was the major factor (P < 0.001). A significant increasing trend of the added metabolic syndrome risk score was observed with the increase of WC (P (trend) < 0.001) among both genders. The cutoff point for high WC for pre-pubertal children was 61.3 cm for boys and 59.9 cm for girls. The prevalence of high triglyceride (TG) values was significantly higher in girls than it was in boys (P < 0.01). Girls in the highest quintile of balanced dietary pattern scores had lower TG values (P (trend) = 0.032) than did those in the lowest quintile. Moreover, girls in the highest quintile of western dietary pattern scores showed increasing trend for the added metabolic risk score (P (trend) = 0.026) compared with those in the lowest quintile. Adverse associations exist between western dietary patterns and the accumulation of metabolic risks among girls, not in boys, even during pre-puberty.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.345-353
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• 2013

본 연구는 대학생의 스트레스가 수면장애에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 광주 전남에 소재한 대학생 342명을 최종분석 대상으로 편의표본추출에 의해 시행되었다. 수면장애는 가족과 떨어져 자취하는 대학생이 많았고(p=0.042), 주거 환경에서 발생하는 소음 역시 수면장애와 연관성이 높았다(p=0.002). 또한, 대학생들이 학교생활에서 만족을 갖지 못하는 경우(p=0.007), 건강이 보통 이하 정도로 불량할 경우 수면장애가 많았다(p=0.010). 생활 스트레스 역시 수면장애와 관련이 있었고(p=0.004), 장래문제와 관련된 스트레스(p=0.002), 가치관과 관련된 스트레스가 유의한 관련이 있었다(p=0.001). 자취생활, 주거 소음, 학교생활의 불만족, 불량한 건강, 생활 스트레스, 특히 장래 문제 및 가치관과 관련된 스트레스가 수면장애와 관련이 있었다. 따라서, 대학생의 수면장애를 유발하는 스트레스에 대해 다양한 요인과의 분석을 통한 연구가 추가로 필요할 것으로 생각되었다.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.87-99
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• 2011

Purpose- The purpose of this study was to compare the fit of two prototype liquid cooled vests using a 3D body scanner and accompanying software. The objectives of this study were to obtain quantitative measurements of ease values, and to use these data to evaluate the fit of two cooling vests in active positions and to develop methodological protocol to resolve alignment issues between the scans using software designed for the alignment of 3D objects. Design/methodology/approach- Garment treatments and body positions were two independent variables with three levels each. Quantitative dataset were dependent variables, and were manipulated in 3x3 factorial designs with repeated measures. Scan images from eight subjects were used and ease values were obtained to compare the fit. Two different types of analyses were conducted in order to compare the fit using t-test; those were radial mean distance value analysis and radial distance distribution rate analysis. Findings- Overall prototype II achieved a closer fit than prototype I with both analyses. These were consistent results with findings from a previous study that used a different approach for evaluation. Research limitations/implications- The main findings can be used as practical feedback for prototype modification/selection in the design process, making use of 3D body scanner as an evaluation tool. Originality/value- Methodological protocols that were devised to eliminate potential sources of errors can contribute to application of data from 3D body scanners.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.51-63
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• 2016

The landmark-based morphometric and meristic analysis of the kelp grouper (Epinephelus bruneus), red spotted grouper (E. akaara) and seven-banded grouper (E. septemfasciatus) were performed to compare the differentiation of overall body shape and structure. The measurements of the morphometric dimensions were observed in 25 parts (truss dimension: 16 parts; head part dimension: 9 parts) of 38 morphometric dimensions and also meristic differences observed in 3 parts (dorsal fin, anal fin and caudal fin) of 6 meristic counts (P < 0.05). Observed morphometric characteristics primarily involved in truss and head part dimension, kelp grouper have larger values in caudal part of truss dimension, kelp grouper, red spotted grouper and seven-banded grouper have similar values in pectoral part of truss dimension, in addition to, results of head part dimension showed that red spotted grouper have smaller values in overall dimensions (P < 0.05). As meristic characteristics, kelp grouper have more number of anal fin rays than other fish, red spotted grouper have more number of dorsal soft rays than other fish, and seven spotted grouper have more number of anal soft rays, and caudal fin rays than other fish (P < 0.05). Photographed under the x-ray, kelp grouper have the most curved vertebral column and largest swim bladder than other fishes (P < 0.05). Our results of this study confirmed that 3 subfamily fishes adequately can distinguish with external body shape, and we hope that the results of our study could be used to identify in Serranidae family as taxonomical parameters.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.265-297
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• 2017

본 연구는 연구개발스톡과 6개의 지식스톡(특허의 질적 가치)이 기업의 시장가치에 미치는 영향을 포함하는 연구모형을 설정하여 기업의 시장가치와의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 구체적으로 토빈Q 모형을 사용하여 우리나라 402개 기업의 미국특허등록 108,851건(연도관측치 2,795건)의 특허를 분석하였다. Hall모형의 확장 모형 분석결과, 연구개발스톡/자산, 청구항스톡/특허스톡, 인용스톡/특허스톡 등이 기업의 시장가치에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 유의수준이 높진 않지만 피인용스톡/특허스톡, 발명자스톡/특허스톡 등도 기업의 시장가치에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과에 따라 특허경영시대에 특허의 질적 수준 고도화와 특허의 가치 제고를 위한 정책 방안이 마련되어야 할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.97-108
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• 1973

한국산 담수어류 4종(잉어과)에 대한 염색체 및 DNA 상대량을 조사하여 아래와 같은 결과를 얻어 이들의 세포유전학적 특징을 계통학적인 면에서 고찰하였다. 1) 참마자(Hemibarbus longirostris) 및 누치 (H. labeo)의 염색체수는 2n=50으로써 그중 참마자는 7쌍의 metacentric (A그룹), 14쌍의 submeta와 subtelocentric(B 그룹) 그리고 acro 내지 telocentric 염색체(C그룹) 4쌍으로 구성되며 arm수 (AN)는 92였다. 누치의 핵형은 A, B 및 C 그룹이 각각 9, 11 그리고 5쌍으로써 AN은 90이된다. 2) 버들개(Moroco lagowskii) 및 버들치 (M. oxycephalus)의 염색체수는 역시 2n=50이었으며, 이들의 핵형도 다같이 A그룹이 6쌍, B그룹이 14쌍 그리고 5쌍의 C그룹으로 이루어져 있으며 AN은 90이었다. 3) 4종의 DNA상대량은 모두 붕어의 약 60%에 해당하였다.