• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.378-384
• /
• 1998

The processing pathway of G-proteins and Ras family proteins includes the isoprenylation of the cysteine residue, followed by proteolysis of three terminal residues and .alpha.-carboxyl methyl esterification of the cysteine residue. Farnesylcysteine methyltransferase (FCMT) activity is responsible for the methylation reaction which play a role in the membrane attachment of a variety of cellular proteins. Four kinds of Ras protein (c-Ha-ras, c-N-Ras, c-Ki-Ras, pan-Ras) expression were detected in adenocarcinoma of human tissue by immunohistochemical method, and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The level of Ras protein in human stomach tumor tissues was much higher than in normal and peritumoral regions of the same biopsy samples. The FCMT activities of each cellular fractions were high in mitochondrial fraction followed by microsomal fraction, whole homogenate and cytosolic fraction. The inhibitory effect on FCMT activity on stomach tumor tissue was determined after treatment with 0.25 $\mu\textrm{M}$ of S-adenosyl-$_L$-homocysteine. S-adenosyl-$_L$-homocysteine inhibited FCMT activity from 11.2% to 30.5%. These results suggested that FCMT might be involved in Ras proteins activity.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제11권6호
• /
• pp.793-807
• /
• 2006

This study was performed to estimate the effect of alphacalcidol supplementation or nutrition education on the nutrient intakes, bone mineral density and bone markers in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. The 90 CAPD subjects were randomly assigned to 3 groups (alphacalcidol group: AG, nutrition education group: NG, and control group: CG). Alphacalcidol supplementation($0.5{\mu}g/day$) was carried out for 8 months. Nutrition counseling was performed according to the patient s individual question for the first 6 months and scheduled nutrition education with individual counseling was carried out for the last 2 months. In baseline data. there were no significant differences in age, sex, family number, education years and monthly income except the NG showed significantly less duration of CAPD (p< 0.05) compared to other two groups. After intervention all three groups showed tendency of lower intakes. NG revealed less decrease in protein, especially in animal protein calcium from Ca-P binder, dietary calcium, dietary iron and niacin. NG showed significantly more increase in dry weight (p<0.05) and AG in waist circumference (p<0.001) after intervention. The groups did not show significant differences in the changes of biochemical indices related to bone metabolism. NG revealed more increase in trochanter BMD(p < 0.05) compared to other two groups. It seems that nutrition education is more effective in preventing deterioration or improving the bone and general nutrition status.

• 셀메드
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.14.1-14.9
• /
• 2021

Background: Cuscuta reflexa Roxb is a member of the Cuscutaceae family, and in Unani medicine, it is known as Aftimoon. It is a parasitic plant that can be found growing abundantly on various host plants in India up to 3000 metres in altitude during the rainy season. Unani physicians have been using it for years to cure a variety of illnesses, including psychiatric illnesses like melancholia, schizophrenia, and epilepsy. It has been used to cure hepatitis, palpitations, and skin disorders, among other things. Objective of the study: To evaluate anti-anxiety effect of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb in Swiss Albino mice of either sex. Materials and Methods: A total of 24 Swiss Albino mice weighing 25-35 g were used in this study. Animals were chosen at random and held in their cages for at least 7 days in a standard setting. Group A was given regular saline as a vehicle, Group B was given a hydro alcoholic extract of the lower dose of the test drug, Group C was given a hydro alcoholic extract of the higher dose of the test drug, and Group D was given the standard drug Diazepam 5 mg/kg orally. Aftimoon as hydro alcoholic extract (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg body wt.) was given in single and double doses and observed for 7 days. Results: For each parameter in each category, mean and standard deviations were computed. For multiple group comparisons, a one-way ANOVA was used, followed by Turkey's post hoc test. (p<0.05) was used as the significance standard. Conclusion: These results advocate that the Aftimoon as double dose (400 mg/kg body wt.) revealed anti-anxiety effect similar to standard drug.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.101-111
• /
• 2022

Objective: Familial intracranial aneurysms (FIAs) are found in approximately 6%-20% of patients with intracranial aneurysms (IAs), suggesting that genetic predisposition likely plays a role in its pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to identify possible IA-associated variants using whole exome sequencing (WES) in selected Korean families with FIA. Materials and Methods: Among the 26 families in our institutional database with two or more IA-affected first-degree relatives, three families that were genetically enriched (multiple, early onset, or common site involvement within the families) for IA were selected for WES. Filtering strategies, including a family-based approach and knowledge-based prioritization, were applied to derive possible IA-associated variants from the families. A chromosomal microarray was performed to detect relatively large chromosomal abnormalities. Results: Thirteen individuals from the three families were sequenced, of whom seven had IAs. We noted three rare, potentially deleterious variants (PLOD3 c.1315G>A, NTM c.968C>T, and CHST14 c.58C>T), which are the most promising candidates among the 11 potential IA-associated variants considering gene-phenotype relationships, gene function, co-segregation, and variant pathogenicity. Microarray analysis did not reveal any significant copy number variants in the families. Conclusion: Using WES, we found that rare, potentially deleterious variants in PLOD3, NTM, and CHST14 genes are likely responsible for the subsets of FIAs in a cohort of Korean families.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.2301-2305
• /
• 2013

Ardisia crispa (Family: Myrsinaceae) is an evergreen, fruiting shrub that has been traditionally used as folklore medicine. Despite a scarcity of research publications, we have succeeded in showing suppressive effects on murine skin papillomagenesis. In extension, the present research was aimed at determining the effect of a quinone-rich fraction (QRF) isolated from the same root hexane extract on both initiation and promotion stages of carcinogenesis, at the selected dose of 30 mg/kg. Mice (groups I-IV) were initiated with a single dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz(${\alpha}$)anthracene (DMBA, $100{\mu}g/100{\mu}l$) followed by repeated promotion of croton oil (1%) twice weekly for 20 weeks. In addition, group I (anti-initiation) received QRF 7 days before and after DMBA; group II (anti-promotion) received QRF 30 minutes before each croton oil application; group III (anti-initiation/promotion) was treated with QRF as a combination of group I and II. A further two groups served as vehicle control (group V) and treated control (group VI). As carcinogen control, group IV showed the highest tumor volume ($8.79{\pm}5.44$) and tumor burden ($3.60{\pm}1.17$). Comparatively, group III revealed only 20% of tumor incidence, tumor burden ($3.00{\pm}1.00$) and tumor volume ($2.40{\pm}1.12$), which were significantly different from group IV. Group II also showed significant reduction of tumor volume (3.11), tumor burden (3.00) and tumor incidence (11.11%), along with prominent increase of latency period of tumor formation (week 12). Group I, nonetheless, demonstrated marked increment of tumor incidence by 40% with prompted latency period of tumor formation (week 7). No tumor formation was observed in groups V and VI. This study provided clear evidence of inhibitory effects of QRF during promotion period which was in agreement with our previous findings. The mechanism(s) underlying such effects have yet to be elucidated.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.87-92
• /
• 1976

1. 농아자(聾啞者)들의 영양상태(營養狀態)를 Hb량(量)으로 측정(測定)하여 서로 비교한 결과(結果) 정박아(精薄兒)와 원아(園兒)보다는 Hb량(量)이 많으므로 영양상태(營養狀態)가 양호(良好)하다고 볼 수 있으나 일반가정아(一般家庭兒)(Hb=10.8g/100ml)와 체육중학생(體育中學生)(Hb=12.7)보다는 저조(低調)한 실정(實情)이다. 2. 체위(體位)의 발달도(發達度)는 $6{\sim}11$ 세군(歲群)(국교생층(國校生層))에서 신장(身長)과 흉위(胸圍) 및 체중(體重)이 공(共)히 농아자(聾啞者)와 가정아(家庭兒)의 발육치(發育値)가 거의 비슷하였고 또 우리 나라 표준치(標準値)보다는 약간 우세(優勢)하게 보였다. 그러나 정박아(精薄兒)와 원아(園兒)의 발육치(發育値)는 오히려 전자(前者)와는 반대로 표준치(標準値)에 가까운 수치(數値)로서 열세(劣勢)한 발육도(發育度)인 듯하다. $12{\sim}15$세군(歲群)(중학생(中學生))에서는 원아(園兒)<정박아(精薄兒)<농아자(聾啞者)<표준치(標準値)<가정아(家庭兒)<체육중학생(體育中學生)의 순(順)으로 발달도(發達度)가 보육원(保育園)의 것이 가장 저조하고 체육중학생(體育中學生)의 발달도(發達度)가 가장 높은 것으로 보아서 이들 농아(聾啞)의 과거(過去($6{\;sim}11$세기(歲期))의 영양상태(營養狀態)가 불량(不良)했던 것이 아닌가 생각된다. 3. 혈청(血淸)으로써 판명(判明)된 혈액형(血液型)의 분포율(分布率)은 정박아(精薄兒)(O : 34.2%, A : 27.4%, B : 32.5%, AB : 6%)가 우리 나라 평균분포율(平均分布率)(O : 25%, A : 35%, B : 34%, AB : 6%)과 다른 것처럼 농아자(聾啞者)의 혈액형(血液型)의 분포율(分布率)도 크게 달랐다(O : 15%, A : 30.7%, B : 30.7%, AB : 23.6%). 따라서 농아자(聾啞者)들은 어떤 혈액형(血液型)에 편재(偏在)됨이 없이 어느 혈액형(血液型)에서도 나올 수 있다는 것을 의미한다고 생각할 수 있다. 결론적(結論的)으로 농아자(聾啞者)들은 어느 혈액형(血液型)에서든지 출현도(出現度)가 비슷하게 나타난 것을 볼 수 있고 Hb량(量)이 적은 것으로 고찰(考察)할 때 농아자(聾啞者)는 유전성(遺傳性)이라기 보다는 오히려 후천성(後天性)에서 유래(由來)하는 예(例)가 많은 것이 아닌가 생각된다. 뿐만 아니라 체위(體位)의 발달도(發達度)가 가정아(家庭兒)와 비슷한 것으로 보아서 후천성(後天性)을 뒷받침하는 것으로 추측(推測)되므로, 보다 나은 신체(身體)의 발달(發達)을 도모(圖謀)하고 청력(聽力)을 현상태(現狀態)보다 향상(向上)시키기 위해서라도 농아학교(聾啞學校) 운영자(運營者)는 영양상태(營養管理)에 더 많은 관심(關心)이 있어야 할 것이며 보다 정확(正確)한 판단(判斷)을 하려면 더 많은 sampling이 필요하다고 생각된다.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.177-187
• /
• 2017

목적: 2017년 8월부터 말기 암 이외에도 후천성 면역결핍 증후군, 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환, 간경화 환자들에게도 호스피스 완화의료가 적용될 예정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 비암성 질환 전문가들을 대상으로 세 가지 질환에서의 호스피스 완화의료의 목표, 내용 및 적용 방법에 대한 심층 면담을 통해, 호스피스 완화의료에 대한 생각, 인식, 태도에 대해 살펴보아, 국내 실정에 맞는 비암성 호스피스 완화의료 진료 모델 마련에 기여하고자 하였다. 방법: 본 연구는 반구조적 심층 면담조사를 통한 질적 연구이다. 암환자의 호스피스 완화의료를 담당하는 네 명의 임상 의사가 85편의 문헌 검색을 통해 핵심 질문을 선정하여 총 11명의 비암성 질환 전문가들에게 면담을 하고 질적 연구 방법에 따라 분석되었다. 결과: 전문가들은 비암성 질환의 말기환자를 정의하기 어렵다고 하였고, 호스피스 완화의료의 목표와 내용은 암환자들을 대상으로 한 것과 다르지 않다고 하였지만, 통증보다는 다른 신체 증상과 정서적 문제에 중점을 두어야 한다고 하였다. 또한, 말기라고 진단할 수 있는 시점에 호스피스 완화의료를 적용해야 한다고 하였다. 질환 별로 특수한 점들(AIDS 환자들의 항바이러스제 사용, COPD 환자들의 호흡곤란, LC 환자들의 간이식)과 의료진들에 대한 교육의 필요성에 대해 언급하였다. 호스피스 완화의료 적용 시 환자들이 자신을 포기한다는 느낌을 받을 수 있다고 하였고 정부의 재정 지원 문제에 대해서도 언급하였다. 결론: 비암성 질환에 대한 호스피스 완화의료 도입의 문제점을 최소화하기 위해서는 심도 있는 논의를 통해 비암성 질환의 말기환자에 대한 정의를 마련해야 할 필요가 있다. 또한, 비암성 말기환자들을 돌보는 의료진과 현재 말기 암환자의 호스피스 완화의료를 담당하고 있는 인력의 협력이 필요하다.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.116-123
• /
• 1974

1) In Seoul, it was known that the season for preparing Kimchies (fermented vegetables) for the winter was from the middle of November to early in December, in which the preparing rates of Kimchies in the middle of November, the end of November and early in December were 32.7%, 41.3% and 12.5%, respectively. The time that the largest quantity of them was prepared was about the end of November. 2) The average cost of Kimchies prepared for the winter for a family of four, five, six and seven was $10,000{\sim}15,000$ Won, $15,100{\sim}20,000$ Won, $10,100{\sim}20,000$ Won and $10,100{\sim}20,000$ Won, respectively, and the cost did not increase in proportion to members of a family. In case of the family of $6{\sim}7$, the cost for Kimchies showed a wide range compared with those for the family of $4{\sim}5$ 3) The main raw materials of kimchi for one person for the winter required $12{\sim}20$ heads of Chinese cabbages, $14{\sim}20$ roots of radishes, $4{\sim}7$ cloves of garlics and $300{\sim}500g$ of powdered red pepper. 4) The residents living in Seoul had prepared the several kinds of the pickles for the winter as follows; (1) Chinese cabbage Kimchi (98.9%), (2) Whole Chinese cabbage Kimchi (74.7%), (3) Kkakdugi (68.6%), (4) Dongchimi (66.4%) and (5) Chong-kak Kimchi (63.3%). It has, therefore. been considered that the five kinds of Kimchies mentioned above may be industrialized. 5) Uniqueness of the raw materials used for the most popular Chinese cabbage Kimchi was to use leeks, garlics, red peppers and gingers as spices, and it was also known that proper amounts of salted shrimp pickles and oysters was mixed to the Kimchies. Therefore, it had been considered that the characteristics of Chinese cabbage Kimchies for the winter had the hot taste with freshness. 6) For keeping the Kimchies during the winter about the half of the pickle jars was buried in the ground, and another half of them were wrapped in the straw bags or styropol and they were placed on the ground or kept in the basement, 7) In most case (80.9%), the salt concentration of pickling was adjusted by one's experiences, and only 19% of them was measured with the instruments. 8) Most of remaining kimchies were usually used for other cooks, but some of them were thrown away. 9) The ratio of the people who had ever bought the market Kimchies for their own edibility was 17.8% and most of them got it only in the spring and summer season. 10) About 18% of the residents living in the general houses in Seoul had ever bought the market Kimchies. It was also known that about 48% of the residents living in the general houses and about 79% of the residents living in the apartments wanted to purchase the market Kimchies if the production of the delicious Kimchies were industrialized. The season that the people wanted to get the market Kimchies was a little different each other among the residents. About 13.4% of the residents living in the general houses wanted to purchase the Kimchies during the summer, and 11.9% of them wanted to get it throughout the year. On the other hand, in case of the apartments, 25.2% of the residents wanted to get it during the summer and 24.4% of them wanted it throughout the year (4 seasons) and 19.9% of them wanted it during two seasons. The data mentioned above have shown that many residents hope strongly an industrial production of the Kimchies. It is also true that many residents living in both the general houses and apartments want to get the market kimchies throughout the year, and particulary during the summer season that most foods are very apt to be spoiled.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.344-352
• /
• 2012

시설재배지는 주로 하성평탄지 등 평평한 지형에 분포하며, 밭과 과수원은 곡간 및 선상지, 구릉지 및 산악지, 산록경사지 등 경사지에 분포한다. 논은 곡간 및 선상지, 하성평탄지, 하해혼성평탄지 등 비교적 완만한 경사에 위치한다. 이처럼 토지이용별로 분포하는 지형이 각기 다르기 때문에 토지이용별로 물리성 기준을 설정하고 관리하는 것이 필요하다. 시설재배지는 배수 및 양수분의 수직이동에 유의하여야 하며, 경사지는 침식과 양분유출에 대비하여 관리하여야 한다. 토지이용별로 토양 물리성 평균은 다음과 같다. 시설재배지는 표토심이 16.2 cm, 표토에 대한 물리성은 항목별로 경도 9.0 mm, 용적밀도 1.09 Mg $m^{-3}$, 유기물함량 29.0 g $kg^{-1}$, 심토에 대한 물리성은 항목별로 경도 19.8 mm, 용적 밀도 1.32 Mg $m^{-3}$, 유기물함량 29.5 g $kg^{-1}$ 이었다. 뿌리가 얕게 뻗는 작물에 대해서 표토심이 낮고 용적밀도가 높은 값을 보였다. 밭은 표토심이 13.3 cm, 표토에 대한 물리성 은 항목별로 경도 11.3 mm, 용적밀도 1.33 Mg $m^{-3}$, 유기물 함량 20.6 g $kg^{-1}$ (표토), 심토에 대한 물리성은 항목별로 경도 18.8 mm, 용적밀도 1.52 Mg $m^{-3}$, 유기물함량 13.0 g $kg^{-1}$ 이었다. 작물별로 물리성 평균치는 엽채류 < 과채류 < 장근채 ${\fallingdotseq}$ 단근채 순으로 값을 보였다. 과수원은 표토심이 15.4 cm, 표토에 대한 물리성은 경도 16.1 mm, 용적밀도 1.25 Mg $m^{-3}$, 유기물함량은 표토 28.5 g $kg^{-1}$, 심토에 대한 물리성은 경도 19.8 mm, 용적밀도 1.41 Mg $m^{-3}$, 유기물함량 15.9 g $kg^{-1}$ 이었다. 조사지점이 가장 많았던 과수 배는 표토심 14.4 cm, 경도 16.4 mm (표토), 19.7 mm (심토), 용적밀도 1.23 Mg $m^{-3}$ (표토), 1.40 Mg $m^{-3}$ (심토) 으로 평균에 근접한 값을 보였으며, 포도는 표토심 17.0 cm 경도 16.7 mm (표토), 20.0 mm (심토), 용적밀도 1.31 Mg $m^{-3}$ (표토), 1.45 Mg $m^{-3}$ (심토) 로 비교적 큰 값을 보였다. 논은 표토심 이 17.5 cm, 표토에 대한 물리성은 항목별로 경도가 15.3 mm, 용적밀도가 1.22 Mg $m^{-3}$, 유기물 함량은 23.5 g $kg^{-1}$, 심토에 대한 물리성은 항목별로 경도 20.3 mm, 용적밀도 1.47 Mg $m^{-3}$, 유기물 함량 17.5 g $kg^{-1}$ 이었다. 토지이용별로 용적밀도 평균치는 시설재배지 < 논 < 과수원 < 밭 순이었으며, 용적밀도 값의 분포는 표토는 1.0~1.25 Mg $m^{-3}$에서 가장 많았으며, 심토는 밭토양과 논토양은 1.50 Mg $m^{-3}$ 이상에서 50% 내외, 과수원토양은 1.35~1.50 Mg $m^{-3}$에서 40%로 가장 많았고, 시설재배지는 1.0~1.50 Mg $m^{-3}$에 고루 분포하였다. 토성 (속)별로는 대체로 식질에서 작은 값을 보였고, 미사식양질과 사질에 큰 값을 보였다. 토지이용과 토성에 따라 물리성 차이가 분명하였으며, 따라서 이러한 특성을 고려하여 토양 물리성 관리 기준을 설정하여 건전한 작물생육 환경을 유지하고 조성하는 것이 필요하겠다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.82-93
• /
• 1985

An investigation was conducted on Seoulites' meals outside home by age group and sex, and the resultant findings are as follows: 1. To effectively conduct this survey were taken 201 teen males, 242 teen females, 202 young males, 232 young females, 219 men and 195 women. 2. For the kinds of meals they have outside home, breakfast forms 0.7%, lunch 35.7%, supper 22.2%, and snacks 14.4%. 3. Men subjects "lunch out everyday" by 39.9%, young males by 30.7%, and young females by 29%. 4. The reason why they lunch out indicates "convenient" by 37.4%, "carrying a lunch box is inconvenient" by 21.2%, "hard to prepare the lunch box" by 12.9%. 5. Regarding the favorite food taken for lunch, almost all the men prefer Korean food by 73.9% 6. Ra Myun and noodle occupy the highest Percentage of young females by 79.3% ; Chinese food the highest percentage of women by 27.7%, but the lowest percentage come from Japanese food by 1.1%. 7. The preference of kinds of food when having a meal outside home is ascribed to "prefer"by 50~75.7%, the highest percentage of all. 9. The price they pay for lunch outside home amounts to less than 900 wons in teens and young males 1, 000~2, 000 wons in men and women. The price of a meal outside home per capita a day, when taken by family unit, averages to 3, 694 wons. For the number of meals outside home, "more than once a month" forms 41.7%. 9. On the mooted points raised when having a meal outside home, "unsanitary' forms 36.7%, "expensive in prices" 26.1%, "lack of nutritution" 10.6%. 10. Teen males, when viewed from food preference for lunch outside home, take Ra Myun, Ddokbokki, Chinese noodle, while teen females, Ddokbokki, bread, Chinese noodle: young males, Sundubu Baekban, Bibim Bab, Ra Myun, Yokge Jang; young females, Sundubu Baekban, pork cutlet, Bibin Bab: men, Solnone Tang, Daenjang Chikae, Baekban, Kalbi Jongsik Bibim Bab : women, Bulkogi Jongsik, Neang Moyn, and Chinese noodle. 11. When seen from the nutrition of meals taken outside home, the prices of noodle and boiled rice range from 600 to 1, 000 wons, while their energy ranges from 407 to 745 kcal, Protein from 14.2 to 30.3g. On the other hand, the Price of western food averages to 1, 900~2, 500 wons, while its energy ranges from 1, 061 to 1, 129 kcal, proteio from 45.9 to 72.9g. It is revealed that noodle or boiled rice is not nutritious enough to be taken as a meal.s revealed that noodle or boiled rice is not nutritious enough to be taken as a meal.