• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.4 s.82
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• pp.75-92
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• 2006

This study examines the psychological independence in the family system of unmarried women to see how well they become psychologically independent within the relationships with family. A total of 452 subjects of the study were sampled from 20 to 30 unmarried women living in Seoul, Incheon and Gyeonggi-do. The results of the study are as follows: First, the scores of unmarried women's perception of family system were normal category. The scores of family system of unmarried women showed to be distributed to high scores among the overall ranges of scores which means they recognized their family system in general in a healthy way. Second, the level of the subjects' psychological independence from their fathers was shown to be higher than that from their mothers. The result means unmarried women were more dependent on their mothers than fathers. Third, the family system of unmarried women affected the level of psychological independence from their parents. The sub-factors of the family system significantly affected the level of psychological independence. Particularly, enmeshed and disengaged boundary and cooperative factors between spouses and generations affected the level of psychological independence. Fourth, the family system affected each sub-factor of psychological independence of unmarried women. Even though family system were different depending on each sub-factor of psychological independence, they affected the level of psychological independence.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.97-111
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• 1992

In this survey, we tried to find out number of participating and main purpose of that "Kye" meeting of all family members in rural community. Main purpose is follows; First, Differences by rural area, number of participating and main purpose of that "Kye" meeting of all family members in rural community. Second, Relationship between residence years by the head of a family and numbers in rural community. Third, Relationship between size of owned land(paddy field and uplaned) by the head of a family and number of participating and main purpose of that "Kye" meeting of all family members in rural community. Fourth, Relationship between size of cultivated land(paddy field and uplaned) by the head of a family and number of participating and main purpose of that "Kye" meeting of all family memebers in rural community. The main results are as follows; First, there are different points by the kind of rural area in number of participating and "Kye for friendly gathering", "Kye for saving", "Kye for sightseeing". Second, variable of residence years of the head of a family is only negative influential factor in "Kye for saving". Third, variable of size of owned land is positive influential factor in total number of participating "Kye", "Kye for friendly gathering", "Kye for saving" and "Kye for sightseeing". Fourth, variable of size fo cultivated land is positive influential factor in total number of participating "Kye", "Kye for mournig and marriage", "Kye for friendly gatiering", "Kye for saving" and "Kye for sightseeing". It seems that "Kye" meetings are still a preferred means by the jrural community to gather the cooperation among rural population. But the purpose of "Kye" meetings has changed from the family centered such as worship or marriage and mouring of family members to out of the family centered events such as friendly gathering, sightseeing.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.12
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• pp.271-284
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship of attitudes of parents and their unmarried adult child concerning the family value orientation. In addition to this study examined the relationship to child's family value orientation and related variables. The major findings 1) Gender, mother's value of marriage, religion were influential factors on the child's value of marriage.2) Gender and mother's value of sex role were influential factors on the child's value of sex role. 3) Child's gender was only influential factor on child's value of child. 4) Gender, mother's value of filial piety, father's value of filial piety were significant factors which have some effects on child's attitudes toward value of final piety. 5) Gender, mother's value of familism, religion were significant factors which have some effects on child's attitudes toward value of familism. 6) Gender, mother's family value orientation, father's family value orientation were influential factors on child's family value oreintation. In conclusion, this study found that child's gender was the most influential factor on child's family value orientations. And mother's family value orientations had strong effects on children's family value orientations.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.761-769
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• 2006

Purpose: Even though a number of studies have suggested that appropriate measuring instruments of family stress for working women have to be developed, the validity and reliability of the instruments used have not been consistently examined. The purpose of the present study was to develop a sensitive instrument to measure family stress for married working women, and to test the validity and reliability of the instrument. Method: The items generated for this instrument were drawn from a comprehensive literature review Twenty four items were developed through evaluation by 10 experts and twenty one items were finally confirmed through item analysis. Psychometric testing was preformed and confirmed with a convenient sample of 240 women employed in the industrial sector. Result: Four factors evolved by factor analysis, which explained 50.5% of the total variance. The first factor 'Cooperation' explained 28.1%, 2nd factor 'Satisfaction with relationships' 10.6%, 3rd factor 'Democratic and comfortable environment' 6.3%, and 4th factor 'Disturbance of own living' 5.5%, Cronbach's coefficient of this instrument was 0.86. Conclusion: The study supports the validity and reliability of the instrument.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.367-374
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• 2008

The principal objective of this study was to determine the influence of physical evidence's performance on perception of value at family restaurants in Seoul. Frequency analysis, t-test, ANOVA, reliability analysis, factor analysis, multiregression analysis were employed to analyze the data. The physical evidence was divided into 3 factors. Factor 1, 'matters related to appearances and decoration'; and Factor 3, matters related to atmosphere' differed significantly with monthly pocket money. However, all factors differed significantly by partner. Additionally, all factors positively(+) influenced customer's perception of value. In particular, factor 1, 'matters related to appearances and decoration' was the most positive factor. As a result, physical evidence can be regarded as efficient marketing tactic by which the intangible factors of restaurant-business may be removed. Therefore, food-service companies should endeavor to manage physical evidence ideally as a means of reducing the negative characteristics of service toward customers and inducing customers perceptions of value at family restaurants.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.1-20
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• 2008

This study investigates the influences of factors such as type and degree of family leisure among parents with five day work weeks on adolescents' perceived family strengths. Its findings are based on questionnaires collected from 525 male and female parents of middle school students. Factor analysis and MANOVA were employed for data analysis and $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ tests for post-hoc analysis. The main findings were as follows. First, adolescents whose parents work five days a week were at a higher level than other adolescents in terms of finances, family ties, communication, and social ties. Second, there were no significant differences concerning adolescents' family strength by type of family leisure. Third, adolescents with more family leisure activities scored higher than others in the areas of manageable strengths, financial levels, family ties, communication, and family social ties. Fourth, among families following the five day working system, adolescents who had more family leisure activities scored higher than the others in regards to manageable strengths, financial levels, family ties, communication, and family social ties. Additionally, where adolescents thought they had fewer family leisure activities, family-oriented adolescents tended to be engaged in higher physical-activity-oriented and hobby-oriented activities in relation to manageable strengths, financial level, family ties, and communication and hobby-oriented adolescents engaged in higher than average amounts of physical-activity, strengthening family social ties in the process. Fifth, concerning families not adhering to the five day working system, adolescents who had more family leisure activities scored higher than others in terms of manageable strengths, financial levels, family ties, communication, and family social ties. As the above results indicate, family leisure activities appear to be a key factor influencing family strength. Therefore, further support should be extended toward developing new forms of family leisure and additional studies should be devoted to the subject.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.543-551
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• 2001

The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), or VEGF-A, is intimately involved in both physiological and pathological forms of angiogenesis. VEGF-A is now recognized as the founding member of a family of growth factors that has expanded to include VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGF-E, and placental growth factor (PIGF). This family of cytokines binds differentially to at least three receptor tyrosine kinases, however, the extent to which family members other than VEGF-A contribute to physiological and pathological angiogenesis remains unclear. Issues that are of relevance include uncertainty regarding the consequences of signaling through VEGF - RI in particular, and the ability of some family members to heterodimerize, leading to the possibility ofheterodimeric receptor complexes. Structural characterization is one approach that can be used to address these issues, however, the vast majority of previous structure-function studies have only focused on VEGF-A. While these studies may provide some clues regarding the structural basis of the interaction of other family members with their receptors, studies using the ligands themselves are clearly required if highly specific interactions are to be revealed. With the recent progress toward refolding and purifying substantial' quantities of other VEGF family members, such structural studies are now possible. Here, these ~ssues are addressed with a particular emphasis on VEGF-B and its receptors.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.13-29
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• 2004

Ryff's(1989) psychological well-being measure is used to assess and sometimes compare Korean and American adults, however, there is no information regarding whether its dimensions are psychometrically invariant across, whether its items provide sufficient information for, and whether each item measures identical trait levels in, the two nations. Confirmatory factor analysis on response 1,696 Korean and 3,669 American adults, gave to the measure revealed lack of fit and absence of factorial invariance across the two nations. Item response theory revealed significant variance for items on each factor across two countries that most items yielded limited psychometric information. And that each item measure different trait levels, suggesting that in its present form, the measure might lead to misleading results for, and across the two nations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.8-13
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• 2006

In this paper, we try to find success factor to satisfy Female Customer of a Family Restaurant We survey Female Customers Requirement and make a Questionnaire based on Female Customer by interview and internet Homepage. We find Potential customer satisfying factor by using Kano Analysis and Timko's CS coefficient and Potential Customer Satisfactionv improvement Index(PCSI) which is suggested by Leem represents how much a service feature can increase the degree of customer satisfaction when the service feature is fully fulfilled. We also discuss how to use this result, we hope our result to apply customer satisfying many fields not only Family Restaurant.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.104-116
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to analyze the trends of family nursing research in Korea. The subjects were 62 articles, 132 master theses and 20 doctoral theses published during the period between 1970-1997.7. The results are as follows. 1. The types of research that were analyzed were factor isolating. 34.1%, factor relating, 54.2%, situation relating. 6.1% and situation producing, 3.7%. 2. Research designs were experimental studies, 6. 1%, non-experimental studies, 89.7% and qualitative research, 4.2%. Survey research was the method used in 82.7% of the papers. 3. On the research subjects, 94 papers dealt with the family member of a patient or a single person, 59 papers dealt with a patient and 7 papers dealt with whole family. 4. On the places of studies, 64.0% of the studies were done in hospital rooms, 12.9% in the communities and community facilities. 12.0% in schools, 10.7% in the home, and 0.4% an occupational setting. 5. The most frequently used family concept in the title of the articles was "family support"(59 papers) followed by family function and family burden. 6. The most frequently used family assessment tool was Family Environment Scale(FES) developed by Moos & Insel. 7, According to family nursing domain described by Murphy' and Meister'study, the subdomain, relationship of the family and disease was found 83.2%. 8. Four papers built conceptual frameworks based on various theories of researchers. Eleven papers applied family theories and five papers applied nursing theories. Based on the above findings the following suggestions are made. 1. The various domains of family nursing research should be used including in the relationship of family and health, health policy and family. transcultural family research, and theoretical approach to family. 2. Qualitative research should be used for family nursing research. 3. Family assessment tools should be developed for the Korean family.