• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.606-611
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• 2009

황색포도상구균 분리에 사용되고 있는 난황첨가 만니톨 식염한천배지, Baird-Parker 한천평판배지, Baird-Parker 한천평판배지(RPF) 및 Petrifilm에 대하여 성능 비교실험을 실시하였다. 민감도는 30종의 황색포도상구균에 대하여 분리배지의 특징적인 콜로니를 형성하는 비율로 측정하였는데 Baird-Parker 한천평판배지(RPF)> Petrifilm> Baird-Parker 한천평판배지> 난황첨가 만니톨 식염한천배지의 순으로 나타났다. 황색포도상구균이 아닌 균주를 이용하여 측정한 선택성은 4종 분리배지 모두 위양성을 나타내지 않았다. 인위적으로 접종한 식품에서의 회수실험은 4종 배지 모두 회수 효율이 비슷한 것으로 측정되었다. 수산건제품에서 황색포도상구균으로 추정되는 콜로니를 분리하여 4종 배지에서 위양성, 위음성 발현여부를 측정하였다. 그 결과, 황색포도상구균 이외의 대부분 분리균주에서는 위양성이 나타나지 않았지만 S. carnosus ssp carnosus의 경우 난황첨가 만니톨 식염한천배지, Baird-Parker 한천평판배지와 Petrifilm에서 위양성을 나타내었다. 그러나 Baird-Parker 한천평판배지(RPF)에서는 위양성 반응이 나타나지 않아 실험에 공시된 배지 중에서는 선택성이 상대적으로 높은 것으로 판단되었다.

• Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.107-111
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• 2017

Background and Objectives The bedside head impulse test (bHIT) in bare eyes often overlooks possible vestibular losses by missing the corrective saccade. This is why it is necessary to compare bHIT against video head impulse test (vHIT), which is more accurate in identifying vestibular losses than the bedside test. Subjects and Method A total of 51 vHIT positive ears underwent the study, and out of those, 47 were diagnosed with dizziness. bHIT and vHIT were performed for patients, and the occurrence rate of overt saccade (OS) was calculated. Results Among the 51 vHIT positive ears, 33 (64.7%) were bHIT positive ears and 18 ears (35.3%) were bHIT negative. Patterns of positive vHIT were classified as A: no corrective saccade, B: covert saccade (CS) only, C: OS only, and D: CS with OS (CS+OS), which were 45 out of 51 ears (88%). The occurrence rate of OS was higher in the bHIT positive group than in the bHIT negative group (p=0.05), and higher in the CS negative group (CS-) than in the CS positive group (CS+) (p<0.001). Conclusion Possible causes of false negative results of bHIT are seen as following: the absence of corrective (covert and overt) saccade, the occurrence of CS only, and missing the OS during the bHIT (probably due to low occurrence rate of OS). The occurrence of CS should be considered as an important factor in false negative bHIT when lowering the occurrence rate of OS.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.242-248
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• 2019

화염 및 연기 감지 알고리즘 연구는 다양한 모양, 빠른 확산 및 색상으로 인해 컴퓨터 비전에서 어려운 과제이다. 일반적인 센서 기반 화재 감지 시스템의 성능은 환경 요인(실내 및 화재발생 위치)에 따라 크게 제한된다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기위해 딥러닝 방법을 적용하였으며, 이것은 물체의 형상을 특징으로 추출하므로 비슷한 형상이 프레임내에 존재하면 오탐으로 검출 될 수 있다. 본 연구는 화재 오탐 검출 개선을 위해 딥런닝 사용 전과 후에 프레임 유사성을 이용하여 오탐을 줄이는 새로운 알고리즘을 제안한다. 실험결과 제안된 방법을 적용하여 화재 검출 성능은 유지를 하면서 오탐 부분이 최소 30% 까지 감소하는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 제안된 방법의 오탐 검출 성능이 뛰어나다는 것을 확인하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권14호
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• pp.5889-5897
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• 2015

Background: The performance of combined testing visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and cervical cytology tests might differ from one setting to another. The average estimate of the testing accuracy across studies is informative, but no meta-analysis has been carried out to assess this combined method. Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the average sensitivity and specificity of the combined VIA and cervical cytology tests for the detection of cervical precancerous lesions. Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic review and a meta-analysis, according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Review of Diagnostic Test Accuracy. We considered two cases. In the either-positive result case, a positive result implies positivity in at least one of the tests. A negative result implies negativity in both tests. In the both-positive case, a positive result implies having both tests positive. Eligible studies were identified using Pubmed, Embase, Website of Science, CINHAL and COCRANE databases. True positive, false positive, false negative and true negative values were extracted. Estimates of sensitivity and specificity, positive and negative likelihood (LR) and diagnostic odds ratios (DOR) were pooled using a hierarchical random effect model. Hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristics (HSROC) were generated and heterogeneity was verified through covariates potentially influencing the diagnostic odds ratio. Findings: Nine studies fulfilled inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Pooled estimates of the sensitivities of the combined tests in either-positive and both-positive cases were 0.87 (95% CI: 0.83-0.90) and 0.38 (95% CI: 0.29-0.48), respectively. Corresponding specificities were 0.79 (95% CI: 0.63-0.89) and 0.98 (95% CI: 0.96-0.99) respectively. The DORs of the combined tests in either-positive or both-positive result cases were 27.7 (95% CI: 12.5-61.5) and 52 (95% CI: 22.1-122.2), respectively. When including only articles without partial verification bias and also a high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia as a threshold of the disease, DOR of combined test in both-positive result cases remained the highest. However, DORs decreased to 12.1 (95% CI: 6.05-24.1) and 13.8 (95% CI: 7.92-23.9) in studies without partial verification bias for the combined tests in the either-positive and both-positive result cases, respectively. The screener, the place of study and the size of the population significantly influenced the DOR of combined tests in the both-positive result case in restriction analyses that considered only articles with CIN2+ as disease threshold. Conclusions: The combined test in the either-positive result case has a high sensitivity, but a low specificity. These results suggest that the combined test should be considered in developing countries as a primary screening test if facilities exist to confirm, through colposcopy and biopsy, a positive result.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 1995년도 제47차 추계 학술대회 연제집
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• pp.111-112
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• 1995

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2000

목적: 유방암이 의심되는 환자에서 $^{99m}Tc$-Tetrofosmin 유방 스캔과 $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI 유방 스캔의 유방암 진단성능을 비교하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 유방 종물이나 방사선 유방촬영과 초음파 검사상 이상소견이 의심된 48명의 환자를 대상으로 $^{99m}Tc$-Tetrofosmin 유방 스캔과 $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI 유방스캔을 시행하였다. 조직결과는 33명의 환자에서는 수술로 확진 되었으며 15명의 환자는 세침흡인 세포진검사로 병리 결과를 얻었다. $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI 유방스캔은 925 MBq의 $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI를 정맥주사하고 엎드린 자세에서 양측 측면사진과 전흉부 영상을 획득하였다. $^{99m}Tc$-Tetrofosmin 유방 스캔은 43명의 환자에서는 $^{99m}Tc$-Tetrofosmin을 정맥주사 함과 동시에 80단위영상(1분/단위영상)의 동적 영상을 얻었으며 나머지 5명은 $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI 유방 스캔과 동일한 방법을 이용하였다. $^{99m}Tc$-Tetrofosmin 유방스캔과 $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI 유방 스캔의 결과를 병리조직 결과와 서로 비교 분석하였다. 결과 : 33명의 환자는 악성 유방암으로 진단되었으며, 15명은 양성 질환으로 진단되었다. $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI 유방 스캔의 진양성, 진음성, 위양성, 위음성은 19, 10, 5, 4이었으며 예민도, 특이도, 양성 예측률, 음성 예측률은 각각 87.8%, 66.7%, 85.3%, 71.4%였다. $^{99m}Tc$-Tetrofosmin 유방 스캔의 진양성, 진음성, 위양성, 위음성은 31, 10, 5, 2이었으며 예민도, 특이두 양성 예측률, 음성 예측률은 각각 93.9%, 66.7%, 86.1%, 73.3%였다. 한 명의 환자에서는 $^{99m}Tc$-Tetrofosmin 유방 스캔과 $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI 유방 스캔 모두에서 위음성을 보였는데 종양의 크기가 0.5 cm였다. 결론: $^{99m}Tc$-Tetrofosmin 유방 스캔과 $^{99m}Tc$-MIBl 유방 스캔 모두 유방암 진단에 비침습적이고 유용한 검사이며 $^{99m}Tc$-Tetrofosmin은 유방암 진단에서 $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI에 비교할 만한 성적을 보였으며, 유용하게 사용될 수 있으리라 여겨진다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.2605-2610
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• 2016

The International Myeloma Working Group considers the serum free light chain (SFLC) assay to be an adjunct to traditional tests. Apart from the FLC ratio, the absolute values of individual free light chains also are gaining importance as they appear to be more relevant in certain clinical settings. Automated assays are available for their determination. As laboratories put new test systems into use catering to different disease populations, they are required by accreditation and certification bodies to verify or establish performance specifications, including reference intervals (RIs) representative of their population. Our aim was to establish local RIs for SFLC in a multicentre representative healthy population using a robust method. There was no significant relationship between SFLC levels and age, gender and creatinine levels. The 95% RI for ${\kappa}SFLC$ was 4.81 to 33.86mg/L, for ${\lambda}$ SFLC was 5.19 to 23.67mg/L and for ${\kappa}/{\lambda}SFLC$ was 0.36 to 2.33, significantly higher than the values given by the manufacturer. The ${\kappa}/{\lambda}$ SFLC ratio at 2.23, covering 100% of the data, showed 72% sensitivity (95% CI=39.0 - 94.0), 100% specificity (95% CI=71.5 - 100.0), 100% PPV (95% CI=21.5 - 100.0), 95% NPV (95% CI=75.4 - 99.9), and 79% accuracy (95% CI=56.0 - 93.0). In the patient group, kit RI for ${\kappa}/{\lambda}$ SFLC ratio classified 45.5% (n=5) as positive vs 9.1% (n=1) positive by the study RI, while the kit RI for kappa FLC classified 90.9% (n=10) as positive vs 54.5% (n=6), indicating increased probability of false positive test results with the kit RI when applied to our patient population. Appropriate and specific reference intervals and criteria values result in fewer false-positive and false-negative results which means fewer wrong or missed diagnoses.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2000

Purpose : Rotavirus is a most common etiologic agent of pediatric gastroenteritis. The standard method to diagnose rotavirus infection was the detection of viral particles in specimens through electron microscopy. But it was complex. Enzyme immunoassay and latex agglutinin are preferred because they are relatively handy, inexpensive and take a short time, in comparison with electron microscopy. However, several reports have shown that the use of ELISA to diagnose rotavirus infection in neonates can result in false positive reactions. The main purpose of this study is to compare ELISA and RT-PCR in the diagnosis of neonatal rotavirus infection. Methods : Data presented in this study were obtained form 123 newborn babies in the nursery of the Fatima Hospital, Masan, Korea, form Jury to December, 1997. We obtained two samples of stool from each of the newborn babies and then performed the Rotazyme test and the RT-PCR. In the Rotazyme test, the results were interpreted according to visual findings. The samples were used for the RT-PCR test after at stock $-30^{\circ}C$ to identify rotavirus group A. The result of the two tests were compared. Results : The informations are divided into 73 males and females. Out of the total informations 15 were transferred from other hospitals. Their average gestational age was $38.5{\pm}1.6$ weeks. The average birth weight was $3134.8{\pm}539gm$. In the Rotazyme test, 75 samples turned out to be positive. Out of them, 55 samples(75.3%) were positive and 18 samples(24.7%) were negative in the RT-PCR. On the other hand, in the Rotazyme test, 50 samples turned out be negative. Out of them, 27 samples(54%) were positive and 23 samples(46%) were negative in the RT-PCR. Conclusion : Rotavirus infection in uncommon in neonates. The diagnosis based on visual findings using Rotazyme test has a disadvantage in the sense that it can result in false positive reactions and false negative reactions in the diagnosis of neonatal rotavirus infection.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.120-128
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• 1997

Fine needle aspiration cytology of breast lesion is well known as a simple, economic and effective diagnostic modality. For the evaluation of cytohistologic correlation, 256 cases of cytologic smears and subsequent histologic sections during 2-year period from Jan. 1995 to Dec. 1996 were reviewed. 1. Fifteen cases(5.9%) were proven as insufficient for evaluation, and 13 of them were fibrocystic change histologically. One case of carcinoma exhibiting sufficient amount of aspirates with no malignant cells on smear was regarded as inadequate. 2. Cytohistologic correlation of 240 cases revealed sensitivity 87.0%, specificity 100.0%, positive predictive value 100.0%, negative predictive value 97.0%, false positive rate 0.0% and false negative rate 13.0%. Total diagnostic accuracy is 95.7%. 3. Total 6 cases of negative were due to small amount of aspirates containing scantiness of malignant cells in two and underestimation in four. 4. Diagnostic concordance rates of fibrocystic change and fibroadenoma were 95.5% and 80.0%, respectively. Diagnostic discrepancies were noted in 7 cases of fibrocystic change and 6 cases of fibroadenoma, however, cytologic discrimination of two entities was not easy in seven of them. 5. In a case of phyllodes tumor and a case of duct ectasia, the discrepancy was due to targeting error. Other three cases(lymphoma, adenomyoepithelioma and granulomatous mastitis) were misinterpreted because of poor acquaintance with those entities. Diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology of breast lesions are relatively high. However, good technique on aspiration and adequate interpretation are necessary to reduce the false negative rate and the discrepancy between cytologic and histologic diagnoses.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.47-52
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• 1988

1988년 8월초부터 9월말동안 영남의료원 내과를 내원한 사람중 1304명에서 대변도말검사를 실시하였으며, 이중 443명에서는 간흡충증 피내반응검사를 하였고, 간흡충증이 의심되는 79명에 대해서는 집란법을 동시에 시행하여 간흡충증을 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 간흡충 감염율은 3.8%였다. 2) 간흡충증 피내반응검사의 감수성은 82.1%(32/39명)이었고, 특이성은 64.6%(261/404명)이었다. 3) 도말검사상 음성이었으나 피내반응검사가 양성이면서 간흡충증이 의심되거나, 양 검사 모두 음성이나 말초 호산구성 세포의 증가로 간흡충증이 의심되는 사람 79명을 집란법으로 조사한 결과 79명중 16명에서 간흡충란이 발견되었다. 4) 도말검사상 음성이었으나 집란법으로 충란이 발견된 16명중 13명은 경감염이었고 3명은 중등감염된 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 간흡충증이 의심되는 환자에게는 반드시 대변도말검사와 함께 피내반응검사를 실시하고 필요시 집란법으로 EPG와 EPD을 조사한 후 확진하여 치료하는 것이 바람직하리라 생각된다.