• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.21-30
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• 2017

Due to the rapidly aging population, the death rate of elderly people by safety accidents has been increasing. In particular, precautions are needed for falls prevention because they either directly or indirectly cause death. In the case of elderly people, most of the fall accidents occur in dense residential areas, and particularly, the staircase poses a risk of falling. Therefore, a safety assessment should be performed from the design phase. However, in general, staircases are designed using existing stair data or only aims to satisfy the installation criteria. Laws and regulations only define minimum requirements for safety, so it is not possible to prevent fall accidents even if they satisfy the requirements. Therefore, this study proposes a simulation-based method for evaluating the safety of staircases. The behavioral characteristics of the elderly are implemented to an virtual user in a virtual space including staircases, and fall accidents are evaluated by the evaluation logic related to the behavioral characteristics. The result shows that the safety of staircases can be preevaluated and reflected on the design to reduce the possibility of fall accidents of the elderly.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.24-38
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• 2016

The purpose of our study is to analyze the effect of socio-economic status on the diet pattern of Korean adults. Raw data from the fifth (2010-2012) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were used, and finally 11,700 adults were analyzed as subjects. Results in consideration of the socio-economic status of the subjects, a linear trend was observed in men in which the odds ratio of having lunch (p for trend=0.006) and dinner (p for trend=0.0317) decreased as the level of education went down. In diet frequency, a decreasing trend (p for trend=0.0328) was observed in which the odds ratio of having 3 meals a day reduced as the household income lowered. For women, a linear trend (p for trend=0.0012) was observed in which the frequency of dinner decreased as the level of education became lower. A falling trend in the rate of having 3 meals a day was also observed (p for trend=0.0135). Our study analyzed the characteristics of the diet patterns of individuals according to their socio-economic status with the purpose of suggesting guidelines for correcting. To prevent this, we will need education and awareness and public attention for the practice of correct eating habits.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.519-529
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• 2020

Livelihood capitals have a clear influence on livelihood development. As for the livelihood results, it has been pointed out in the analysis of the poor households that the ability of people to escape poverty depends especially on the access to livelihood capitals. This study aims to analyze the impacts of livelihood capital on poverty among mountain people who depend on forests through human capital, social capital, natural capital, physical capital and financial capital. This research employs the model of binary regression function. Independent variables x1, x2, …, xn are targets of livelihood strategy, vulnerability context, and livelihood capitals. These variables were selected to be included in the original model with dependent variable Y as poor and non-poor households. This study surveys households living in upland areas, near forests, and households of ethnic minorities. The results show that,out of the poor household rate, nearly 4% are newly-poor households or those falling back into poverty. Therefore, the government needs to pay more attention to this disadvantaged group and implements policies such as education and training policies, credit support policies, policies to support forest development, and payment for forest environmental services in the context of emerging countries like Vietnam.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.83-122
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• 2014

Compared with medical cases and health care law from other countries there has been a lot of progress on medical law, especially on medical precedents in Korea. However, in recent years, medical precedents tend to reflect a realistic position of health care providers, rather than normative position of the victim. The burden of proof to prove strict liability is given to patients in civil law suits by courts, patients generally has the burden of proof. The rate of claims to prove the negligence of medical malpractice is falling significantly. Even if the error is acknowledged, it is not enough to get right to be relief for patients by increasing limitations of liability or ratio of patient's own negligence. Compensation fee is included in medical fees and risk of medical malpractice actions contributes ultimately to a health care consumer. In conclusion, author represents a major the new upgrade of above mentioned problem. By advising that court should assess actively for the perspective of victim for medical negligence we will be able to exercise remedies of patients' rights and to prevent recurring medical accidents and also contribute to medical advances.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.23-34
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• 2011

Recently, carelessness on safety management in construction sites has caused a sharper upward trend in accidents and disasters, compared to the past. Therefore, this study analyzes the causes of accidents that occurred on construction sites in the year of 2010, and proposes preventive measures. The construction industry had a heavy death rate with 279 out of 418 deaths from falls in all industrial sites, accounting for 66.7%. And the causation analysis found a particularly high incidence of temporary structure-related accidents, with falling off scaffolding as the most common cause of accidents. According to the causation analysis of fall-down accident cases, accidents induced by protrusion on construction sites are a big contributor resulting in the deaths of 312, accounting for 74.8%, which is deemed to be due to site disorderliness. And to remove floor protrusions and to secure workers' traffic line and safety, neat and thorough site arrangement is necessary. Against collision, efforts must be made to prevent equipment-pedestrian crashes on site, which necessarily requires emergency lamps, alarm bells, and safety poles and blocks to be installed, lighting systems to be improved, obstacles to be removed, site supervisors to be assigned to construction equipment works, and workers to be more intensely trained and supervised.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.14-21
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• 2009

A digital differential transmitter based on CMOS inverter worked up to 2.8 Gbps at the supply voltage of 1 V with a $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS process. By calibrating the output impedance of the transmitter, the impedance matching between the transmitter output and the transmission line is achieved. The PVT variations of pre-driver are compensated by the calibration of the rising-edge delay and falling-edge delay of the pre-driver outputs. The chip fabricated with a $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS process, which uses the standard supply voltage of 1.8 V, gives the highest data rate of 4Gbps at the supply voltage of 1.2 V. The proposed calibration schemes improve the eye opening with the voltage margin by 200% and the timing margin by 30%, at 2.8 Gbps and 1 V.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.83-91
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• 2018

With the development of IT (Information Technology) technology, embedded system and network technology are combined and used in various environments such as military environment as well as everyday life. In this paper, we propose a new airdropped distributed mobility model (ADMM) modeling the dispersion falling of the direct shot of a cluster bomb, and we compare and analyze some representative MANET routing protocols in ADMM in ns-3 simulator. As a result of the analysis, we show OLSR routing protocol is promising in ADMM environment in the view points of packet delivery ratio (PDR), end to end delay, and jitter. In addition, we propose a new adaptation scheme for OLSR, AND-OLSR (Average Node Distance based adaptive-OLSR) to improve the original OLSR in ADMM environment. The new protocol calculates the average node distance, adapts the period of the control message based on the average node distance increasing rate. Through the simulation study, we show that the proposed AND-OLSR outperforms the original OLSR in PDR and control message overhead.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.407-418
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to clarify mediating effects of self-concept on mental health of children and adolescents who fell victim to violence. Methods: A survey was conducted on 4th, 5th, and 6th graders from 2 elementary schools and 1st, 2nd, and 3rd year students from 3 middle schools (n=2,391). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and AMOS. Results: The mean scores of mental health and self-concept in the subjects were 4.5 and 184.9 respectively. The rate of poor mental health in students who had fallen victim to violence was more than twice as high as that in students who had never experienced it. The self-concept of students who experienced violence had a tendency to decline. Violence experience and self-concept accounted for 47.7%(43.0% for boys and 53.4% for girls) of the changes in mental health. The indirect mediating effects of self-concept were significant. Conclusion: Based on the findings, the following is suggested. Schools should offer a self-concept improvement program for students with a distorted self-concept caused by falling victim to violence. It could help such adolescents have a positive self image and improve their mental health.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 1997

Sludgc d~sposal has been a major challenge in the wastewater treatment. Drying is operation which is separated fromsewage sludge to solid and liquid by heating. Drying needs to pretreatment process for effective "thation, incinerationand dispaal The objective of this work was to the drying dewatered sewage sludge by microwave heating, and tocompare the experimental rcsults with thcorctical rcsults. Microwave drylng is fast and has a high efficiency. In thepresent \ark, an unsteady state analysis of one dunensional drying, with microwave heating, is carried out. In drying ratecurve, moisture movement at falling rate period occured by dfision. A good agreement was abtamed between the modcland the experimental results using the slab sample of 0.2cm thickness. 0.2cm thickness.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2012

Recently, carelessness on safety management in construction sites has caused a sharper upward trend in accidents and disasters, compared to the past. Therefore, this study analyzes the causes of accidents that occurred on construction sites in the year of 2007, and proposes preventive measures. The construction industry had a heavy death rate with 279 out of 418 deaths from falls in all industrial sites, accounting for 66.7%. And the causation analysis found a particularly high incidence of temporary structure-related accidents, with falling off scaffolding as the most common cause of accidents. According to the causation analysis of fall-down accident cases, accidents induced by protrusion on construction sites are a big contributor resulting in the deaths of 312, accounting for 74.8%, which is deemed to be due to site disorderliness. And to remove floor protrusions and to secure workers' traffic line and safety, neat and thorough site arrangement is necessary. Against collision, efforts must be made to prevent equipment-pedestrian crashes on site, which necessarily requires emergency lamps, alarm bells, and safety poles and blocks to be installed, lighting systems to be improved, obstacles to be removed, site supervisors to be assigned to construction equipment works, and workers to be more intensely trained and supervised.