• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.685-688
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• 2005

Antibacterial and antiplatelet activities of Acorus gramineus rhizome-derived asaronaldehyde and asaron were analyzed using platelet aggregometer and six human intestinal bacteria. Active constituent of A. gramineus rhizome was isolated and characterized as asaronaldehyde by spectral analyses. At 2 and 1 mg/disk, asaronaldehyde exhibited strong inhibition of Clostridium perfringens and C. difficile without adverse effects on growth of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and L. casei. Asaron also revealed moderate growth inhibition against C. perfringens and C. difficile at 2 mg/disk, no growth-inhibiting activity was observed on B. bifidum, L. acidophilus, L. casei, and E. coli. At 50% inhibitory concentration ($IC_{50}$) value, asaronaldehyde was effective in inhibiting platelet aggregation induced by collagen ($IC_{50}$, $27.6\;{\mu}M$) and arachidonic acid ($IC_{50}$, $53.7\;{\mu}M$). These results suggest asaronaldehyde may be useful as lead compound for inhibiting platelet aggregation induced by collagen and arachidonic acid.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.203-209
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• 2014

This research designed and implemented a supply chain risk management platform and applied it to a case study of reduced-fat Lanna pork sausage as a new product development project. The proposed framework has three stages: risk identification, risk assessment, and risk mitigation. Seventeen risk agents with 17 risk events were identified based on SWOT analysis and the Porter Five Forces concept through the process of planning, sourcing, making and delivering, partially captured from the supply chain operations reference model in the first stage. In the second stage, an house of risk (HOR) framework was applied to present the impacts of each risk agent. In the third stage, eight risk agents with high impact were selected to design 21 preventive actions. Finally, three preventive actions with the highest effectiveness to difficulty ratio scores-'sales evaluation of familiar products', 'increasing distribution channels and promotions to improve sales', and 'work flow improvement for work safety'-were then recommended for this new product development.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.325-334
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• 2021

This study aims to investigate whether economic growth is elevated by banking industry development in Jordan. The study adopts time-series econometric methodologies, which comprise the bounds testing approach within the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and the conditional causality analysis. Consistent with the assumptions of the adopted methodology, the study utilized annual time-series data for a relatively long period of thirty-nine years, between 1980 and 2018. The empirical results show that Jordan's economic growth is strongly responsive in respect to any changes in banking industry development. Also, the results reveal the harmful impact of rising lending interest rate; as this rate increases, economic growth will decrease. The findings are in line with the conceptual arguments of the supply-leading hypothesis, which confirmed that banking development is considered as one of the main pillars that have stimulating effects on economic growth. The evidence of the current study may provide important implications for policymakers and bankers. Those professionals should work to maintain a stable regulatory system that enhances the banking system function in activating economic growth. Also, a considerable focus should be placed on designing a steady interest rate policy to avoid the inherently undesirable impacts of high-interest rates on the Jordanian economy.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2022

This research aims to investigate the antecedents of career growth and its impact on employee performance. The research design is quantitative with a causal method. The sample used is 242 respondents working in different hospitals in Banten Province and were selected through the snowball sampling technique. The analytical method used to examine the research model is PLS-SEM. The analysis result shows that work environment and training have an impact on increasing career development and hospital employee performance. Career development can also directly be an antecedent in improving the performance of hospital employees, but only has a moderate effect in mediating the influence of work environment and training on the employees' performance in the hospital. Based on these findings, hospital management in Banten Province must create and maintain a comfortable working environment for employees, offer training specific to each employee's line of work to help them improve their abilities, and create a system for career planning that takes into account each employee's potential.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.140-149
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• 1998

The graphitization is affected by the addition of small amount of the elements, such as Si, Al, Ni, B, Cr and Mn etc. Boron is well known as the most effective element for the graphitization of cementite in high carbon steels. But a study on quantitative analysis of B effect on the graphitization is few reported. Therefore the effect of boron addition in Fe-0.65%C-1.0%Si-0.5%Mn steels on the graphitization is investigated quantitatively using hardness tester, optical microscope and scanning electron microscope, neutron induced microscopic radiography. The graphitization in high carbon steels is promoted with 0.003~0.005%B addition. But the graphitization in steels which has no boron takes long holding time at $680{\sim}720^{\circ}C$. The hardness of quenched steel containing 0.003%B is higher than that of 0.005%B added steel due to complete dissolution of fine graphites into the austenite. The 0.003%B added high carbon steel graphitized at $680^{\circ}C$ for 25hr is useful steel for the agricultural implements and automobile parts which needed a good formability and high hardness.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권12호
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• pp.1111-1122
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• 2020

The purpose of this research aims to develop the creative economy sector of rural communities in Trenggalek Regency, East Java, Indonesia by mapping the creative economy sub-sectors in Trenggalek Regency. The creative economy industry has been shown to have a positive effect on GDP in many developing countries and developed countries. In urban areas, the creative economy is often associated with the development of advanced technology, such that it is unlikely to evolve in rural communities. However, the rural environmental landscape, which not only has a wealth of creative human capital but also a cultural heritage, also encourages the growth of the creative economy sector in rural areas. This qualitative research was conducted for 60 working days through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, observation and literature review. More precisely, first, it identified the potential of the creative economy both sectorally and regionally. Second, it identified the leading creative economy subsectors and compiled a creative economic development road map. After defining and mapping the potential of the creative economy, four of the sixteen sub-sectors of the creative economy were identified to be developed through a strategic plan for the growth of the creative economy using urban branding, innovative industrial centers and renewable resources.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.1389-1396
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• 2007

Twelve swamp buffaloes and Brahman cattle heifers (6 animals each) were randomly assigned to two treatments, control (grazing only) and supplementation of cassava hay (CH) at 1-kg dry matter per head per day (DM/hd/d), in a $2{\times}2$ factorial arrangement according to a cross-over design. The cassava hay contained a high level of protein (19.5% of DM) and a strategic amount of condensed tannins (4.0% of DM). As a result it was revealed that supplementation of CH at 1-kg DM/hd/d significantly (p<0.05) improved the nutrition of both swamp buffaloes and Brahman cattle in terms of DM, organic matter (OM), protein and energy intake and digestibility, ruminal NH3-N and rumen ecology. Supplementation significantly (p<0.05) reduced weight losses in both species and improved the health, in terms of reduced number of parasite eggs in feces (p<0.05), of both buffaloes and cattle. There tended to be a difference in term of response to CH between the two species. The DM, OM, protein intake and digestibility and total digestible energy intake tended to be higher for buffaloes as compared to cattle. Moreover, the percentage reduction of parasite eggs tended to be higher for buffaloes as compared to cattle (57.6 and 45.0%, respectively). However, there were no significant interactions between species and treatments.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.452-461
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• 2012

Four, ruminally fistulated crossbred (Brahman${\times}$native) beef cattle with initial body weight of $420{\pm}15kg$ were randomly assigned according to a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design. The dietary treatments were mulberry leaf pellet (MUP) supplementation at 0, 200, 400 and 600 g/hd/d with rice straw fed to allow ad libitum intake. All steers were kept in individual pens and supplemented with concentrate at 5 g/kg of body weight daily. The experiment was 4 periods, and each lasted 21 d. During the first 14 d, all steers were fed their respective diets ad libitum and during the last 7 d, they were moved to metabolism crates for total urine and fecal collection. It was found that increasing MUP levels resulted in linearly increasing rice straw and total intakes (p<0.05). Ruminal temperature and pH were not significantly affected by MUP supplementation while $NH_3$-N concentration was increased (p<0.05) and maintained at a high level (18.5 mg/dl) with supplementation of MUP at 600 g/hd/d. Similarly, viable total bacteria in the rumen and cellulolytic bacteria were enriched by MUP supplementation at 600 g/hd/d. However, the rumen microbial diversity determined with a PCR-DGGE technique showed similar methanogenic diversity between treatments and sampling times and were similar at a 69% genetic relationship as determined by a UPGMA method. Based on this study, it could be concluded that supplementation of MUP at 600 g/hd/d improved DM intake, ruminal $NH_3$-N, and cellulolytic bacteria thus iimproving rumen ecology in beef cattle fed with rice straw.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.68-74
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• 2023

Objectives: Drug holidays are suggested to reduce the formation of osteonecrosis in patients under intravenous (IV) bisphosphonates (BPs) therapy. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the incidence of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) following tooth extraction in cancer patients using IV BP, and to assess the effect of drug holiday on the development of MRONJ. Patients and Methods: A manuel search of the patient folders of Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University was undertaken to identify cancer patients who used IV BPs and had at least one tooth extraction between 2012 and 2022. Patents' age, sex, systemic condition, the type of BP used, duration of BP used, number of tooth extraction, duration of drug holiday, localization of tooth extraction and incidence of MRONJ were recorded. Results: One hundred nine teeth were removed from 57 jaws in 51 patients. All tooth extractions were performed under perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis and with primary wound closure. The incidence of MRONJ was 5.3%. Stage 1 MRONJ developed in 3 patients (only one had a drug holiday). The median duration of drug holiday was 2 months. No significant difference between the patients with and without a drug holiday and MRONJ development was found (P=0.315). The mean age of patients developed MRONJ was 40.33±8.08 years. A statistically significant difference was found between age and MRONJ development (P=0.002). Conclusion: The effect of a short-term drug holiday on the development of MRONJ may be limited because BPs remain in bone tissue for a long time. Drug holidays should be applied with the approval of an oncologist with other preventive measurements.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.449-454
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• 2014

Background: Extracts of Caesalpinia mimosoides Lamk has been reported to possess anticancer effects, but the active ingredients and the anti-cancer mechanisms are still unknown. Materials and Methods: The effects of a C mimosoides Lamk extract on cell proliferation and apoptosis induction in human cervical carcinoma cell lines, namely HeLa, SiHa, and C33A, as well as in normal Vero cells, were investigated. Results: Treatment with 5 active fractions (F17-F21) of C mimosoides Lamk methanol extracts inhibited cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Neutral red assays indicated that treatment with F21 significantly decreased the viability of all cervical cancer cell lines compared to F21-treated normal cells. In addition, HPLC analysis revealed that F21 contained multiple phenolic compounds, namely gallic acid, caffeine, vanillic acid, ferulic acid and resveratrol. F21 had the lowest IC50 and, therefore, a much higher cytotoxicity than F20, F17, F19, and F18 by 20-, 25-, 46- and 47- fold, respectively. Analysis of activation of the apoptosis pathway using a caspase 3/7 activity assay revealed that F21 treatment resulted in a considerable increase in caspase activation in all cancer cell lines tested. At the same concentration of F21, HeLa cells had the highest caspase activity (6.5-fold) compared to the control. Conclusion: C mimosoides Lamk may be of value as an alternative therapeutic agent, especially in combination with other compounds offering possible of synergy of action. Moreover, HPV- and non-HPV-related cervical cancer cells may differ in their responses to treatment regimens.