• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.79-90
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• 2017

Purpose - Cargo Distribution O2O Business Model is the form of business that connects the cargo and empty cargo-truck based on mobile online platform. In Korean cargo distribution market, FIN(Freight Information Network) is the only model that represents O2O Business Model. The purpose of this paper is investigating the recognition of driver who is the only source of income toward cargo distribution O2O Business Model, and based on the investigated recognition of trucker, suggesting strategic implication. Research design, data, and methodology - PESTLE methodology which is massive environment analysis, and 5 Forces Model when analyze the present and future of cargo distribution O2O business market of industrial structure analysis were used as investigation methodology. Also structured questionnaire was used for trucker's recognition investigation. Based on collected 196 structured effective questionnaires organized with 26 questions were analyzed using statistics package. Results - 51.3% of responded driver is non-differentiated, deprofessionalize form that transport all types of cargo. 95.4% recognize cargo distribution O2O Business Model, FIN is needed, especially during back-hall(94.7%). As a payment method, monthly due is preferred(73%), but it is also needed to pay annual due and pay whenever cargo and cargo-truck are connected(24.5%). Trucker prefer FIN operation corporation which has rich supply(85.2%), and is liberal in supply in any domestic area(75.5%). Conclusions - First, 91% was the member of FIN, and 95% of non-member recognized FIN is needed. 83% of them has the intent to be the member of FIN. Second, besides of monthly due as payment method of FIN, 25% has positive recognition toward new payment method. The new payment method means paying annual due and pay whenever cargo and cargo-truck are connected. Third, because of information imbalance about the cargo and cargo-truck among, operators whose business goal is FIN, it was investigated that transportation fee is low and commission charge of broker is high. The core of Korean Cargo Distribution O2O Business Model, FIN, is online platform that matches cargo and cargo-truck. Therefore, FIN operator should minimize the amount of single transportation of trucker. This study suggests the development of shipper using FIN, diversify distribution channel, suggesting backhaul toward trucker as solution to FIN operator.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.28-38
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• 2009

An extrapolation of residue data of seven commonly used pesticides namely bifenthrin, chlorothalonil, cypermethrin, diazinon, fenvalerate, phenthoate and procymidone on a total of 22 minor crops has been carried out in an experimental field trial. The pesticides were applied to 11 leafy-, 5 root- and 6 stem-crops grown in the experimental green-house and the crops and plants were randomly collected at 1, 3, 5, 7 days after application. The average recoveries of applied pesticides were ranged from 72.0 to 117.0% in leafy crops, from 81.3 to 105.0% in stem crops and from 70.1 to 108.1% in the root-crops. Limits of detection (LODs) were 0.005-0.1 mg/kg in the leafy crops and 0.001-0.005 mg/kg in both the stem & root crops. Based on the results of residual dissipation pattern and their morphology, all crops were classified into high and low residual groups. The results showed that it might be possible to extrapolate residual data of stem-crops to root-crops within the same group. Crops that have currently no registered pesticide for use, would be possible to use the pesticides which are already been registered for the similar crops.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.582-596
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• 2013

In order to estimate the tide and flow properties around the archipelago, around Dolsan, Choyak, Geogeom and Jindo which located in the southwestern waters of the south sea of Korea, tidal currents, residual flows and tidal energy dissipation were investigated by using 2-dimensional numerical model. The maximum speeds of tidal currents are small around Dolsando(31.92 cm/s) and large around Jindo(87.55 cm/s). The residual flow is fastest around Choyakdo where many channels and islands as compared with other study areas. The area around Jindo has the highest currents speed, but shows the flat movements. The margins between the maximum and the minimum dispersion rates of tidal energy in the areas are estimated and designate the order of values around Dolsando($392.6{\times}10^7$ erg/s), Geogeumdo($125.7{\times}10^7$ erg/s) and Jindo($23.1{\times}10^7$ erg/s) sequently. These circumstances are same as in the amplitude of M2 constituent. This means that rapid depth changes and narrow channels play an important role in tide and tidal currents energy in archipelago.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.396-403
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• 2009

Male broiler chicks were fed graded levels of organic zinc (zinc-methionine) supplementation to investigate the effects of partial or complete substitution of the organic zinc source for inorganic ones on the development of lymphoid organs and immunological responses. A total of 450 day-old male broilers were distributed into groups of 10 chicks and randomly assigned to nine experimental diets during a 42-day feeding trial. Dietary treatments consisted of two basal diets supplemented with 40 mg/kg added zinc as feed-grade Zn sulfate or Zn oxide in which, Zn was replaced with that provided from zinc-methionine (ZnMet) complex at the levels of 25, 50, 75 or 100%. Two randomly-selected birds from each pen replicate were bled and then slaughtered by cervical cutting on the final day of the trial to measure leukocyte subpopulations and relative weights of lymphoid organs. Among lymphoid organs, only thymus weight was affected (p<0.05) by dietary treatments. The sulfate-supplemented birds were heavier (p<0.01) in relative weight of thymus than oxide-supplemented birds. The 10 days of age-assessed cutaneous hypersensivity reaction was stronger in chicks fed ZnMet-containing diets. Dietary ZnMet supplementation caused (p<0.05) an increase in proportion of lymphocytes and consequently a decrease in heterophil to lymphocyte ratio. Diet fortification by zinc-methionine complex increased (p<0.01) Newcastle antibody titer at 19 days of age. Also, a similar response was observed in antibody titers at 6 and 12 d after infectious bronchitis vaccine administration. There was no significant effect of replacement of dietary zinc on antibody titer against infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) at the 6th d post-vaccine inoculation; however, at d 12 after vaccination, ZnMet-fortified diets improved antibody titer against IBDV. Although dietary inclusion of ZnMet had no marked effect on primary antibody titer against sheep erythrocytes, effective responses were observed during secondary reaction from the viewpoint of both total antibody and immunoglobulin Y (IgY) titers. From the present findings, it can be concluded that dietary supplementation with organic zinc improves both cellular and humoral immune responses. It is necessary to replace 75% of supplemental inorganic zinc with organic ZnMet complex to achieve the optimum immunological responses in broiler chicks.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.245-251
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• 1998

A 10-week feeding experiment was conducted to determine the influence of several minerals from dietary mineral premix on growth and body composition in juvenile Korean rockfish. Three replicate groups of fish Initially averaging 4.2 g were fed one of the ten experimental diets. Korean rockfish muscle and casein as protein sources were used in the basal diet, and deleted one of each mineral (P, Ca, Zn, Mg, Fe, K, Mn, Se or all) in the control mineral premix, Weight gain, feed efficiency and nutrient retention in fish fed the diet not containing mineral premix were significantly lower than those in fish fed other diets (P<0.01). Weight gain in fish fed the diets deleted each mineral (P, Ca, Zn, Hg, Fe, K, Mn or Se) was lower than that of control diet (P<0.01), Feed efficiency and protein retention in fish fed the diets deleted each of P, Ca, Zn or Mn were lower than those ot control diet (P<0.01). Daily feed intake and lipid retention were not affected by dietary mineral premixes ( P>0.01). Proximate analysis and mineral contents in the whole body, muscle, liver or bone of fish fed the diets deleted each mineral were not different to control diet ( P>0.01). The data obtained in this study indicate that each of the P, Ca, Zn, Mg, Fe, K, Mn or Se is essential for normal growth of Korean rockfish.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.46-54
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• 1997

Sporulation in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe has been regarded as an important model of cellular development and differentiation. S. pombe cells proliferate by mitosis and binary fission on growth medium. Deprivation of nutrients especially nitrogen sources, causes the cessation of mitosis and initiates sexual reproduction by malting between two sexually compatible cell types. Meiosis is then followed in a diploid cell in the absence of nitrogen source. DNA fragment complemented with the mutations of sporulation gene was isolated from the S. pombe gene library constructed in the vector, pDB 248' and designated as pDB (spo 5)1. We futher analyzed six recombinant plasmids, pDB (spo 5)2, pDB(spo 5)3, pDB(spo 5)4, pDB(spo 5)5, pDB(spo 5)6, pDB(spo 5)7, and found each plasmids is able to rescue the spo 5-2, spo 5-3, spo 5-4, spo 5-5, spo 5-6, spo 5-7, mutations, respectively. Mapping of the integrated plasmid into the homologous site of the S. pombe chromosomes demonstrated that pDB (spo 5)1, and pDB (spo 5)R1 contained the spo 5 gene. Transcipts of spo 5 gene were analyzed by Northern hybridization. Two transcripts of 3.2 kb and 25 kb were detected with 5 kb Hind III fragment containing a part of the spo 5 gene as a probe. The small mRNA (2.5 kb) appeared only when a wild-type strain was cultured in the absence of nitrogen source in which condition the large mRNA (3.2 kb) was produced constitutively. Appearance of a 2.5 kb spo 5-mRNA depends upon the function of the mei1, mei2 and mei3 genes.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.3 s.109
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• pp.173-179
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• 2006

A number of perforated plates are utilized for the passage of the crew and the equipment, reducing weight and the arrangement of piping. Hull girders in double bottom and floor plates are the typical parts which have those plates in a ship structure, and the perforated plate is usually positioned at the place which has less loading without local strength problems. In the case of utilizing the plate inevitably at the place which has large strength, an opening of the plate has large effect on the buckling strength due to in-plane rigidity and ultimate strength. Therefore the assessments of the elastic buckling strength and the ultimate strength for the perforated plate are the essential requirements for determining the dimensions of the parts at the initial design stage. With above reason, a need of the reasonable assessments for the elastic buckling strength and the ultimate strength has evolved. The numerical series analysis with the consideration of the effect due to various aspect ratios and slenderness ratios were performed using finite element method in this research. Simple formulas for the design are also proposed from the above analysis.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.243-249
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• 2010

We examined sensory characteristics to obtain the optimal conditions for doenjang preparation, using response surface methodology (RSM) to evaluate addition of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) powder to, and the salinity of, doenjang. We aimed to develop a new variety of doenjang linking traditional Korean doenjang preparation with the physiological functionalities of sage. Color values were 1.20-2.70, flavor values 1.60-3.20, taste values 1.40-3.50, texture scores 1.60-3.50, and overall preference values 1.60-3.05, with the differences depending on experimental variations in preparation. Analysis of a reaction surface formed by a quadratic regression equation found that the R-squared values for overall preference, texture, taste, flavor,and color were 0.11-0.41, thus relatively low and insignificant, being less than 5%. In sensory tests, the color value was 2.91 when the salinity was 21.50%, and sage powder was added to a concentration of 3.10% (all w/w). The flavor score was 3.21 when the salinity was 22.52% and sage powder concentration was 3.68%. The taste value was 2.87 when the salinity was 8.62% and sage powder concentration was 4.46%. The texture score was 2.88 when the salinity was 8.00% and sage powder concentration was 6.06%. The overall preference score was 2.74 when the salinity was 20.40% and sage powder concentration was 2.66%. Although this preparation method is new to Koreans, doenjang with added sage was associated with higher sensory scores than traditional doenjang, confirming the possibility of development of a novel functional doenjang.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.315-319
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• 2001

In odor to improve preference to small red muscle fish such as saury, sardine, herring, etc., a new seasoning and conditioning process was experimented using kimchi seasoning ingredients and organic acids. The sensory profiles during 60 days of conditioning at $5^{\circ}C$ showed better results in dry salting than in wet salting. The additions of rice bran in dry salting gave advantageous effect on the sensory evaluation of conditioned saury with kimchi seasoning. The counts of remained fine bones and hardness of backbones after 60 days of conditioning were about $50\%\;and\;23\%$ in wet salted product, and $38\sim41\%$ and $11\sim14\%$ in dry salted product respectively, as compared to raw saury, The decomposition of protein to amino acids was more severe in wet salted product than in dry salted product. Histidine, leucine, glutamic acid, alanine, and valine in order were abundant in wet salted product, but histidine, glutamic acid, arginine, leucine, and alanine in order were contained plentifully in dry salted product.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.4107-4111
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• 2016

Background: Oral cancers account for approximately 2% of all cancers diagnosed each year; however, the vast majority (80%) of the affected individuals are smokers whose risk of developing a lesion is five to nine times greater than that of non-smokers. Tobacco smoke contains numerous carcinogens that cause DNA damage, including oxidative lesions that are removed effectively by the base-excision repair (BER) pathway, in which poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1), plays key roles. Genetic variations in the genes encoding DNA repair enzymes may alter their functions. Several studies reported mixed effects on the association between PARP-1 variants and the risk of cancer development. Till now no reported studies have investigated the association between PARP-1 variants and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) risk in an Indian population. Materials and Methods: In the present case control study 100 OSCC patients and 100 matched controls were genotyped using PARP1 single nucleotide peptides (SNP's) rs1136410 and rs3219090 using TaqMan assays. Results: The results indicated significantly higher risk with PARP1 rs1136410 minor allele "C" (OR=1.909; p=0.02942; CI, 1.060-3.439). SNP rs1136410 also showed significantly increased risk in patients with smoking habit at C/C genotype and at minor allele C. Conclusions: The PAPR-1 Ala762Val polymorphism may play a role in progression of OSCC. Larger studies with a greater number of samples are needed to verify these findings.