• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제3권
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• pp.59-77
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• 1997

Nursing students have identified the clinical experience as one of the hardest and most anxiety producing components of their nursing program. Nurse educators play a critical role in assisting students to apply their knowledge skillfully in the clinical area. In order to help students through their clinical experience, faculty must first understand more fully the meaning of this experience for nursing students. A phenomenological study was conducted to explore the actual reality of the nursing students' clinical experience. The research was done through indepth interviews. Fifteen Pusan senior nursing students who had completed their clinical practice described their experiences. The data were collected during the period from October 1994 to January 1995. The data were analyzed by Colaizzi's method of phenomenological analysis. Six theme clusters emerged : the experience of emotional difficulties ; the experince of physical diffuculties ; the perception of deficiencies of knowledge and skill ; the disappointments and regrets perceived during the experience ; the awareness of various sources of joy and gratitude ; the experience of personal growth. The results of this study enable us to understand nursing students better. Also through these results, we should be better placed to help nursing students during their clinical experience and to help their gain more from this experience.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2018

Background: Work and work environment have a critical influence on adolescent workers' health. They are subjected to more risks than adults. The aim of this study is to examine psychological health outcomes in adolescent workers in the areas of depression, somatization, anxiety, hostility, and negative self-concept, and to investigate any related factors. Methods: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. Research samples were collected from adolescent workers between 15 and 18 years old attending a 1-day mandatory education course at vocational training centers, working 5 days per week in small enterprises. Data were collected using the following instruments: Brief Symptom Inventory, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and Descriptive Characteristics of Children's Assessment Form. Results: The investigation covers 837 young workers, of whom 675 were males and 162 were females. The majority of the families had low incomes (68.1%). Overall, 33.5% of the adolescents had been hospitalized because of health problems. Their average weekly working hours were $78.1{\pm}10.7$. Almost 50% of adolescent workers scored above the mean average in the Brief Symptom Inventory, indicating serious pschological health symptoms. Those who scored high for hostility, depression, negative self-concept, anxiety, and somatization were between 45.4% and 48.9% of the sample. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the underlying factors: a perception of "feeling very bad" health conditions was 2.07-fold whereas the rate of "no annual leave" was 0.73-fold, and both were found to be effective on psychological problems. Conclusion: In this study, it seems likely that psychological health problems are the result of multiple adverse factors including working conditions, annual leave, and health considerations.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.239-256
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• 2011

이 연구의 목적은 공학교육 이해관계자(stakeholder)인 교수, 학생, 직원/조교들을 대상으로 공학교육인증제를 포함한 공학교육 체제에 대한 만족도와 개선사항을 조사 분석하여 공학교육 발전을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고, 공학교육 체제의 실효성 있는 개선방안을 도출하는데 있다. 이러한 연구 목적에 터한 공학교육 체제의 개선 방안은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 실습실 및 장비 등 교육환경을 개선하기 위하여 수요자 요구분석을 실시하고 이를 토대로 중장기 교육환경 개선과 재정이 확보되어야 한다. 둘째, 공학교육 이해관계자간 관계 증진을 위하여 멘토링 프로그램과 미래상담설계 등의 제도가 실효성 있게 재정비 되어야 한다. 셋째, 교육 행정서비스의 만족도를 높이기 위하여 서비스의 질 평가를 통한 우수 직원/조교에 대한 보상과 직무교육 강화 등의 개선이 요구되며, 공학교육인증제와 관련한 행정 업무의 단순화와 전담인원 충원 등이 검토되어야 한다. 넷째, 공학교육인증제의 이해를 높이기 위해 공학교육혁신센터의 위상 강화와 체계적인 홍보 체제가 필요하며, 외부 인사가 포함된 '공학교육 체제 평가 협의회(가칭)'와 같은 공학교육 평가 전문가 위원회가 필요하다. 다섯째, 공학교육인증제는 이해관계자들의 실익 부재와 행정 소요의 피로 누적 등으로 인하여 그 실효성에 대해 문제가 제기되고 있는 바 이에 대한 하여 공학교육 관련기관 차원의 방안 연구가 시급하다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.173-186
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• 2008

서울 소재 11개 교육대학원 가정교육전공 교육과정에 대한 운영 실태를 자료를 통해 조사하고, 가정교과에 대한 교육대학원생의 인식을 설문지를 통해 살펴보았다. 가정교육전공 교육목표는 공통적으로 가정과 교사의 재교육, 전문성 향상과 유능한 가정교육 전문가를 양성하는 것이었다. 졸업 이수학점은 대부분 30학점이고, 교직과목은 $6{\sim}8$학점, 전공과목은 $16{\sim}21$학점, 논문 학점은 $3{\sim}6$학점이었다. 전임교수의 확보가 부족하고, 3개 학교만이 사범대에 가정교육과가 개설되어 있었다. 교직과목은 교사자격 검정령에 의한 과목이 공통으로 개설되었다. 전공과목은 가정교과교육, 의류학, 식품영양학 영역의 교과목 개설 비중이 높고, 소비자.가정 관리학, 아동 가족학, 주거학 영역은 상대적으로 비중이 낮았다. 교육대학원생은 교육대학원의 기능을 교과교육 전문가 양성, 교원양성기관, 교사 재교육 순으로 인식하였다. 가정교육과 학부출신과 직업이 교사인 학생은 교사 재교육에, 타과 출신과 교사가 아닌 학생은 교원양성기관에 더 높게 인식하였다. 운영에 대한 만족도는 전반적으로 낮게 나타났고, 가정교과 교육과정에 대한 만족도는 보통이나 특히 전공과목 중 실험 실습에 대한 만족도가 매우 낮게 나타났다. 직업에 따른 만족도 비교는 교직과목에서만 유의한 차이가 나타났는데 교사가 아닌 교육대학원생이 교사보다 만족도가 높았다. 교사인 경우 전공과목의 학교현장 활용도가 높아 실제 수업을 할 때 전공과목이 도움이 된다고 생각하였다. 개선안으로는 전임교수의 확보와 전공과목 개설확대를 요구하였다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.77-87
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• 2015

Purpose - This study aims to investigate the current state of distribution terminology usage by retailers and consumers nationwide, and to suggest a practical improvement plan for its standardization. The Korean distribution industry is closely related to consumers' daily lives. However, in reality, there exists a gap among producers, distributors, and consumers in terms of the definition, understanding, and perception of the terminology. Therefore, standardizing this terminology is essential for more smooth communication. This paper suggests the necessity of committing overall research and survey activities to the actual conditions of using Korean distribution terminology by organizations and their respective management situations, and further, the necessity of probing the problem and its measures in line with the objective and mission of the "Fundamental Law of the Korean Language." Research design, data, and methodology - This study's scope is limited to wholesale and retail including some information systems. First, the study covers most written material including lexicons and glossary of distribution terminology, university textbooks and teaching material for national certificate of qualification, and related laws and ordinances. Second, the survey covers retailers' management situations by store format. The retailers used as the sample for the survey include department stores, discount stores, SSM, and convenience stores. Altogether, 20 specialists were interviewed in their respective sectors or retail formats. Finally, the project team surveyed a sample of 1,300 consumers nationwide on 50 distribution terms mainly used by consumers, including those about awareness, understanding, usage, and attitude. Results - In total, 1,249 terms are drawn through literature research including distribution terminology used in the related literature, glossary and lexicons, distribution terminology in textbooks, and legal terminology. A classified table comprises four large categories including general distribution, distribution marketing, distribution information, and merchandise. The results of the three-step research including literature survey, field survey of retailers, and consumer survey were advised to be screened by academia (retail associations, faculty etc.), retailers (major retail management by store format), retail specialists and consultants, consumers, and Korean linguists. In total, 1,300 questionnaires for 50 terms of the distribution terminology closely associated with consumers were distributed to subjects nationwide. Conclusions - The desired and expected results from this study are summarized from three perspectives as follows: First, from retailers' perspective, a new concept, or coinage of new terms of the distribution industry stems from advanced countries such as America and Europe. However, the original meaning and definition are diluted and distorted with changes in the language users' situations and context. This study provides basic guidelines for standardization of distribution terms used among various retail formats in most daily life situations that consumers encounter. Second, from the nation's perspective, this study suggests optimal choices of distribution terminology in the context of laws and ordinances regarding concerned Ministries. Last, from the consumers' perspective, this paper enables consumers to understand and use distribution terms properly in their daily life.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.3769-3776
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• 2016

Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women worldwide. High breast cancer mortality has been attributed to lack of public awareness of the disease. Little is known about the level of knowledge of breast cancer in Central African Republic. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge of health professionals on breast cancer. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 158 health professionals (27 medical; 131 paramedical) in 17 hospitals in Bangui using a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistical analysis, Person's ${\chi}^2$ test and ANOVA were applied to examine associations between variables with p < 0.05 being considered significant. Results: Data analyzed using SPSS version 20 indicates that average knowledge about breast cancer perception of the entire population was 47.6%, diagnosis method 45.5%, treatment 34.3% and risk factors 23.8%. Most respondents (65.8%) agreed that breast cancer is important in Central African Republic and that family history is a risk factor (44.3%). Clinical assessments and mammography were considered most suitable diagnostic methods, and surgery as the best treatment. The knowledge level was significantly higher among medical than paramedical staff with regard to risk factors, diagnosis and treatment. However the trainee group had very high significant differences of knowledge compared with all other groups. Conclusions: There is a very urgent need to update the various training programs for these professionals, with recommendations of retraining. Health authorities must create suitable structures for the overall management of cancer observed as a serious public health problem.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.2479-2483
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• 2016

Background: This study explored the knowledge and awareness about colorectal cancer (CRC) among undergraduate students of one of the leading universities in Saudi Arabia, along with the mode of information access. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted at the King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, among students of different faculties. The study questionnaire, containing 28 items, was adapted from surveys identified in the relevant literature. The CRC awareness questionnaire consisted of an awareness section (early CRC signs and symptoms, and risk factors) and a knowledge section. The data were analyzed using the SPSS version 21.0. Results: A total of 525 undergraduate students participated in the study. The majority were females (63.0%) and approximately half (56.8%) were medical students. The majority of the students (82.3%) were aware of CRC, and 68% thought that CRC is a preventable disease. Regarding colorectal cancer screening tests, only one-third of students (33%) had actual knowledge, while the majority of the students (77.0%) thought that there are tests which help in early detection. Only 4% of the participants had a family history of CRC. The majority of the participants (84%) thought that CRC is a disease that can be cured. Almost 50-60% participants had good awareness level regarding risk factors, and signs and symptoms. Regarding knowledge, participant responses varied for family history (52%), age (59%), chronic infection of the colon (72%), obesity and lack of exercise (66%). More than one-third of the students had received information material regarding CRC from their curriculum followed by social media (20.4%), and nearly 40% from other sources such as TV, hospital and mass media. Female participants had significantly better awareness in a few questions regarding CRC awareness as compared to their male counterparts. There was a significant difference observed between medical and non-medical students (p<0.001) in overall score of awareness and knowledge about CRC while no significant difference found in gender-wise comparison. Conclusions: Knowledge and awareness of students about CRC were not up to the mark. Medical students and female students had better knowledge in a few areas, but the overall situation is dismal.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.2879-2882
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• 2014

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common form of cancer in Iranian women, and it remains a major health problem. An increasing number of young women are being diagnosed with BC, and therefore, there is an increasing likelihood that more women will survive breast cancer for many years. Many opine that self-disclosure of BC diagnosis is important because talking about cancer helps people to make sense of their experiences; in fact, self-disclosure appears to play an important role in many health outcomes. However, this has not yet been studied in BC patients in Iran. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the status of self-disclosure of BC diagnosis by Iranian women to friends and colleagues. Materials and Methods: All BC records for 2001-2011 of employed women were studied at five hospitals in Mashhad. Data about the self-disclosure of BC diagnosis were gathered through telephone interviews, and the participants filled out a questionnaire about their status of self-disclosure of BC diagnosis to various groups of people. Results: The mean age of employed women at the time of diagnosis was $44.3{\pm}6.7$ years. Over 60% self-disclosed to work colleagues and over 90% to bosses/managers. Seventy per cent reported that they had support from their family and husband's family, while 95% reported that they had support from parents, siblings, children and friends. Conclusions: Most employed women self-disclosed freely to family, friends, colleagues and bosses/managers. Apparently, self-disclosure of breast cancer diagnosis may have negative effects at work. About half of patients reported that they had support from family, managers and colleagues; however, for nearly 28% of employed women, disclosure had less positive effects. In particular, it altered their perception of others, produced difficulties with work and family and diminished closeness with the people who were told. However, the stigma of BC is far less than it once was.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.251-257
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• 2024

Background Plastic surgery has developed to benefit in a variety of challenging areas formerly handled by other disciplines. Medical students do not have a clear picture of plastic surgery as a career due to lacking scope, clinical practice, and understanding of plastic surgery as a clinical area of expertise, including general practitioners, nursing staff, medical trainees, and the general public, and misconceptions about the extent of reconstructive and plastic surgery. Methods A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on Kuwait University Medical students (2nd-7th Years) over a period of 1 month. A questionnaire and a consent form were provided to eligible students. The inclusion criteria were Kuwait University Medical students from 2nd to 7th Years with signed consent form. The response was collected via email sent in coordination with the Vice Dean of Student Affairs in the Faculty of Medicine. Using statistical package for the social sciences, responses were statistically analyzed. Pearson's chi-square test was used to calculate p-values, where p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 244 eligible medical students, 121 males and 123 females, were included in the study, with a mean age of 21 (±2) years. Similarly, 126 (51.6%) were preclinical students (2nd-4th-year students), while 118 (48.4%) were clinical students (5th-7th-year students). About 79.8% of medical students believed that plastic surgery plays an essential role in trauma management, whereas 9.2% did not consider plastic surgery significant for trauma management. This study found that only 15.5% of medical students were interested in enrolling in plastic surgery residency after graduation, while 47.1% of students did not consider plastic surgery residency after graduation. However, 37.4% were uncertain. The two most driving factors in deciding on plastic surgery residency were expected income (61.8%) and lifestyle (14.3%). Conclusion Improving medical students' education quality can enhance their perception and awareness of plastic surgery. Students should be taught the broader scope of plastic surgery. The inclusion of formal training during undergraduation is the essence of time and should be added to or improved during plastic surgery rotations with more emphasis on reconstructive and hand/peripheral nerve surgery. Student-led interest groups can be a useful tool for educating students about their specialty.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2011

본 연구는 대구 경북지역에 거주하는 성인 502명을 대상으로 시판 복분자제품에 대한 인지도 및 기호도, 이용실태, 대중화방안을 조사하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 조사대상자는 남성이 45.2%, 여성이 54.8%였으며, 연령은 20대가 28.5%로 가장 많았다. 결혼여부는 기혼이 61.2%였으며, 교육수준은 고졸이 47.8%로 가장 많았고 직업은 학생이 28.3%로 가장 높았다. 월평균수입은 대다수가 400만원 미만이었으며 대부분 도시에 거주하고 있었다. 복분자제품의 인지도는 복분자주가 3.66으로 가장 높았고 복분자음료, 복분자즙, 복분자엑기스, 복분자 등의 순으로 나타났다. 여성이 남성보다 인지도가 높아 복분자제품을 더 많이 알고 있었다. 복분자제품의 섭취빈도는 복분자주를 제외한 모든 제품에서 '먹어 본 적 없다'가 가장 많아 섭취빈도가 낮았으며 가장 대중적으로 알려진 복분자주는 '1년에 한두 번 정도 먹는다', '한 달에 한번 정도 먹는다' 순으로 높게 나타나 다른 제품에 비해 섭취빈도가 높았다. 복분자제품의 기호도에서 복분자주는 남성이 여성보다 기호도가 높았으며 복분자주를 제외한 다른 제품에서는 여성이 남성보다 기호도가 높았다. 복분자제품의 이용실태 조사 결과 복분자제품을 알게 된 계기는 '가족이나 이웃을 통해서'가 42.4%로 가장 많았고 복분자 제품을 구매하게 된 동기는 남녀 모두'선물용'과 '건강에 좋아서'가 높게 나타났다. 복분자제품의 구매시 고려사항으로 남녀 모두 맛, 원산지 및 제조회사, 가격순으로 고려한다고 응답하였으며 복분자제품을 구매하는 장소로는 대형마트나 백화점이 48.4%로 가장 많았다. 복분자에 대한 인식정도를 살펴본 결과 '복분자는 피로회복에 도움이 된다'와 '복분자는 유기산과 비타민 C가 풍부하다'가 3.61로 가장 높은 인식수준을 보였으며 '복분자는 체중조절에 도움이 된다'가 2.96으로 가장 낮은 인식수준을 보였다. 복분자제품의 이용도를 높이고 대중화시키기 위한 방안으로 제품의 위생성, 제품의 저장성, 다양한 복분자 요리개발, 다양한 기능성 복분자제품 개발, 제조회사의 신뢰도 등의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 대중화 항목을 요인분석한 결과 제품 개발요인과 판매촉진요인으로 추출되었으며 이 두 요인이 기호도에 미치는 영향력을 살펴본 결과 제품개발요인이 복분자제품의 기호도에 영향력을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.001). 이상의 결과 복분자의 높은 생리활성 작용을 인식하고 있음에도 불구하고 복분자제품의 인지도, 기호도 및 이용실태는 전반적으로 낮게 나타났다. 그러므로 복분자제품의 인지도를 높이기 위해서 다양하고 효율적인 판매 촉진 활동이 필요하며 이용실태 향상을 위해 복분자 제품의 지속적인 품질개선과 가격요인들을 낮출 수 있는 노력이 필요하다고 사료된다.