• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2007

The fatalities of pedestrian account for about 40.0% of all fatalities in Korea 2005. Vehicle-Pedestrian accident generates trajectory of pedestrian. In pedestrian involved accident, the most important data to inspect accident is throw distance of pedestrian. The throw distance of pedestrian can be influenced by many variables. The variables that influence trajectory of pedestrian can be classified into vehicular factors, pedestrian factors, and road factors. Vehicular factors are the frontal shape of vehicle, impact speed of vehicle, the offset of impact point. Many studies have been done about the relation between impact speed and throw distance of pedestrian. But the influence of the offset of impact point was neglected. The influence of the offset of impact point was analyzed by Working Model, and the trajectory of pedestrian, dynamic characteristics of multi-body were analyzed by PC-CRASH, a kinetic analysis program for a traffic accident. Based on the results, the increase of offset reduced the throw distance of pedestrian. However box type vehicle just like bus, the offset of impact point did not influence the throw distance of pedestrian considerably.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2011

This study analyzed contributing factors affecting leg injury severity in pedestrian-vehicle crashes. A Binary Logistic Regression (BLR) method was used to identify the factors. Independent variables include characteristics for pedestrian, vehicle, road, and environmental conditions. The leg injury severity is classified into two classes, which are dependent variables in this study, such as 'severe' and 'minor' injuries. Pedestrian age, collision speed, and the height of vehicle were identified as significant factors for the leg injury. The probabilistic outcome of predicting leg injury severity can be effectively used in not only deriving pedestrian-related safety policies but also developing advanced vehicular technologies for pedestrian protection.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.76-81
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• 2009

The fatalities of pedestrian account for about 21.2% of all fatalities at 2007 year in Korea. To reconstruct exactly the accident, it is important to calculate the throw distance of pedestrian in car to pedestrian accident. The frontal shape of SUV vehicle is dissimilar to passenger car and bus, so the trajectory and throw distance of pedestrian by SUV vehicle is not the same of passenger car and bus. The influencing on it can be classified into the factors of vehicle and pedestrian, and road factor. It was analyzed by PC-CRASH for simulation, and SPSS s/w was used for regression analysis. From the simulation results, the maximum impact energy of multi-body of pedestrian was occurred to that of torso body at the same time. And the throw distance increased with the increasing of impact velocity, and decreased with the increasing of impact offset. Also it decreased with the increasing of velocity of pedestrian at accident, and the throw distance of wet road was longer than that of dry road. Finally, the regression analysis model of SUV(Nissan Pathfinder type)vehicle in car to pedestrian accident was as follows; $$disti_i=-0.87-0.11offseti_i+0.69speed_i-4.27height_i+0.004walk_i+0.63wet_i+{\epsilon}_i$$.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2010

The fatality of pedestrian accounts for about 21.2% of all fatality at 2007 year in Korea. In car to pedestrian accident it is very important to inspect the throw distance of pedestrian after collision for exact reconstructing of the accident. The variables that influence on the throw distance of pedestrian can be classified into the factors of vehicle and pedestrian, and road condition. It was simulated by PC-CRASH, a kinetic analysis program for a traffic accident in sedan type vehicle and SPSS program was used for regression analysis. From the results, the throw distance of pedestrian increased with the increasing of vehicle velocity, and decreased with the increasing of impact offset. Also it decreased with the increasing of velocity of pedestrian at accident, and throw distance at the road condition of wet was longer than that at dry condition. Finally, the regression model of sedan type vehicle on the throw distance of pedestrian was as follows; $$dist_i=2.39-0.11offset_i+0.59speed_i-545height_i-0.25walk_i+2.78wet_i+{\epsilon}_i$$.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2009

The fatalities of pedestrian account for about 40.0% of all fatalities in Korea 2005. Vehicle-Pedestrian accident generates trajectory of pedestrian. In pedestrian involved accident, the most important data to inspect accident is throw distance of pedestrian. The throw distance of pedestrian can be influenced by many variables. But existing studies have been done for simple factors. The variables that influence trajectory of pedestrian can be classified into vehicular factors, pedestrian factors, and road factors. The trajectory of pedestrian, dynamic characteristics of multi-body were analyzed by PC-CRASH, a kinetic analysis program for a traffic accident. PC-CRASH enables an analyst to investigate the effect of many variables. The influence of the offset of impact point was analyzed by Working Model. Based on the results, the variables that influence trajectory of pedestrian were vehicular frontal shape, vehicular impact speed, the offset of impact point, the height of pedestrian, friction coefficients of pedestrian. However the weight of pedestrian did not affect trajectory of pedestrian considerably.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2008

The fatalities of pedestrian accounted for about 40.0% of all fatalities in Korea (2005 year). In pedestrian involved accident, the most important data to inspect accident is throw distance of pedestrian. The throw distance of pedestrian can be influenced by many variables, such as vehicular frontal shape, vehicular impact speed, the offset of impact point, the height of pedestrian, and road condition. The trajectory of pedestrian after collision can be influenced by vehicular frontal shape classified into sedan type, box type, SUV type and van type. Many studies have been done about pedestrian accident with passenger car model and bus model for simple factors. But the study of pedestrian accident by van type vehicle was much insufficient, and even that the influence of multiple factors such as the offset of impact point was neglected. In this paper, a series of pedestrian kinetic simulation were conducted to inspect relationship between throw distance and multiple factors with using PC-CRASH s/w, a kinetic analysis program for a traffic accident for van type. By based on the simulation results, multi-variate regression was conducted, and regression equation was presented.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.124-133
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• 2021

Objective: In order to secure the right to walk for the weak, such as the disabled, this study aims to suggest ways to improve the pedestrian environment by identifying factors that cause obstacles to walking. Design: Data Analysis and Perception Survey. Methods: The questionnaire was conducted separately between users of personal mobility vehicle and non-users. A total of 207 effective questionnaires were collected, and the analysis analyzed the perception of personal mobility vehicle by conducting frequency analysis using SAS 9.4. The survey focused on basic information on respondents, walking conditions, understanding of personal mobility vehicle, awareness of pedestrian space passage and parking, and awareness of the possibility of securing pedestrian rights due to new regulations. Results: First, when moving a pedestrian path by personal mobility vehicle, it shall be limited to less than the walking speed of pedestrians. Second, the parking location of the personal mobility vehicle is located at the boundary of the pedestrian road and the lane. Third, pay a fair price to park in a pedestrian space. Conclusions: It is necessary to improve the system to strengthen the contents of education to take into account the safety of pedestrians in education on how to use personal mobility vehicle.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.288-304
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• 2022

보행은 건강을 증진시키기 위한 요소이자 대기오염물질을 배출하지 않는 친환경 지속가능한 교통수단이다. 이처럼 보행에 대한 중요성은 매우 강조되고 있지만 우리나라의 보행안전은 여전히 심각하다. 이에 따라 보행자 교통사고 저감을 위한 다양한 연구가 진행될 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 딥러닝 기반의 의미론적 분할기법을 적용하여 보행자 교통사고에 영향을 미치는 인지적 특성도 함께 고려했다. 주요 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 인지적 요인에서 건물이 차지하는 비율이 높고, 식생과 하늘이 차지하는 비율이 낮을수록 보행자 교통사고 발생 위험을 높이는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 과속방지턱은 보행자 교통사고 발생 위험을 저감시키는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 도로의 위계가 낮은 소로가 많은 지역에서 보행자 교통사고 발생 위험이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 신호등, 횡단보도, 교통표지는 보행자 교통사고 저감에 실질적으로 영향력을 미치지 못하고 있다. 한편, 본 연구는 기존의 물리적 근린환경 요인뿐만 아니라 가로경관의 시각적 요소를 구축한 인지적 측면에서의 요인을 함께 고려하였으며, 실제로 인지적 특성이 보행자 교통사고 발생에 영향을 미치고 있다. 따라서 향후 인지적 특성을 고려한 보행친화적 도시환경 조성을 위해 다양한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있기를 기대한다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.98-106
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• 2014

This study proposes severity analysis for pedestrian accidents by improving variables which were used for general severity analysis. The existing variables were collected based on the interviews with policeman or witnesses and evidence of accidents. Therefore, existing variables were subjective and had several measurement errors. In order to improve such problems, this study collected variables from vehicle recorder of taxi which recorded the moment of accidents. As a result, explanatory power of independent variables was enhanced and the complete objective variables could be collected. After collecting variables, ordered probit model was developed by utilizing vehicle recorder database. Fitness of ordered probit model was 0.23. Vehicle speed and pedestrian's eye direction variables were the most critical factors for severity of pedestrian accident. In addition, severity analysis for vulnerable pedestrian was carried out. As a result, it was revealed that vehicle speed, pedestrian's eye direction and safety zone variables affected the severity of pedestrian accidents most. Particularly, vehicle speed variable is the most important factor. Consequently, driver's defensive driving and compliance to the regulations are the priority to reduce severity of pedestrian accidents and prevent pedestrian accident.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.94-103
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• 2015

This study analyzes the influence factors on elderly pedestrian accident. Elderly people are easy to be badly injured by car accidents compared to younger people. Therefore, various plans and measures are required to protect elderly pedestrian from accidents. However, pedestrian accidents studies only focused on microscopic factors such as attribute of driver, pedestrian, road design. In order to prevent pedestrian accident and reduce the severity of the accident, not only microscopic factors but macroscopic variables such as urban planning and facility should be considered. In this regard, this study develops an ordered probit model introduced the characteristics of urban facility which were not considered in the previous studies. The result shows that there is higher level of accident severity in such areas as large commercial area, well-developed area with transportation infrastructure service and non-pedestrian safety zone. Thus, various and appropriate countermeasures should be prepared in order that pedestrian accident can be prevented in the areas mentioned above. In addition to the aforementioned variables, it is revealed that other variables including vehicle speed, gender and age of pedestrian, weather condition, type of vehicle, etc. partly affect the severity of pedestrian accident.