• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.381-392
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• 2002

This study attempted to indentify changeability of the factorial structure of kinematic analysis in bowling. Subjects of group composed of three groups : Higher bowers who are national representative bowers with 200 average point and one pro-bowler. Middle bowlers who are three common persons with 170 average points. Lower bowler who are three common persons with 150 average points. Motion analysis on throw motion in three groups respectively has been made through three-dimension cinematography using DLT method. Two high-speed video camera at operating 180 and 60 frame per secondary. T-test factorial structure analysis has been used to define variable relations. It was concluded that : 1. The difference of x1, x2, x4, x8, x9, x11, x12, x13 where significant between two group. 2. The difference of number of spin and angle of the back-hand where statistically significant between two group(p<.001, p<.05) 3. The correlation over r=.5 between the kinematic data x1, x2, x3, x9, x10, x11. In the rotation loading matrix Factor 1 was x1, x2, x9, x10 and Factor 2 relates to x3, x11. 4. In order to obtain the factor score as follow as ; Factor 1 = (0.248)X1 + (0.265)X2 + (-0.074)X3 + (0.259)X9 + (0.259)X10 + (-0.025)X11 Factor 2=(-0.016)X1 + (-0.055)X2 + (0.84)X3 + (-0.013)X9 + (-0.007)X10 + (0.553)X11.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.97-102
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• 2001

This paper is concerned with optimal design of a linear DC motor which is steading fast in OA and FA systems due to simplicity in structure high-speed operation and high-precision positioning. The approach is based on the statistic method. In this study, firstly, we determine factors that affect significantly the objective function using 2-level factorial design. And then the Response Surface Methodology was app1ied to optimize these factors. Through this application design factors could be optimized within a short term and low experimental cost.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.234-238
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• 1996

In this paper, Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) modeling using Polynomial Neural Networks (PNN) has been introduced. The deposition of SiO2 was characterized via a 25-1 fractional factorial experiment, was used to train PNNs using predicted squared error (PSE). The optimal neural network structure and learning parameters were determined by means of a second fractional factorial experiment. The optimized networks minimized both learning and prediction error. From these PNN process models, the effect of deposition conditions on film properties has been studied. The deposition experiments were carried out in a Plasma Therm 700 series PECVD system. The models obtained will ultimately be used for several other manufacturing applications, including recipe synthesis and process control.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.85-101
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• 1974

In a Balanced Factorial Experiments (BFE) with n factors $F_1, F_2,\cdots,F_n$ at $m_1, m_2,\cdots,m_n$ levels respectively, Shah [15] has considered the following association scheme: the two treatments are the $(P_1, P_2,\cdot,P_n)$th associates, where $p_i=1$ if the ith factor occurs at the same level in both treatments and $p_i=0$ otherwise; $\lambda_{(p_1,p_2,\cdots,p_n)}$ will denote the number of times these treatments occur together in a block. He has showed that a BFE is partially Blanced Incomplete Block(PBIB) design with repsect to the above association scheme. Kurjian and Zelan [6] have proved that factorial designs possessing a Property A (a particular structure for their matrix NN') are factorially balanced.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.50-60
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to investigate the prime factors that affect user satisfaction of area and facilities in urban forests, to classify those factors, to find out factorial structure of user satisfaction about them, and then to suggest important indicators in the urban forest planning, design, and development. The survey research was done using the self-administered questionnaire method by the people in the city of the Pusan who participated in recreational activities in the Mt. Keumjung. Factor analysis was used to extract the prime factors related to the recreational satisfaction concerning the area and facilities of the urban forest by the SPSS program, and then prime factors were used to investigate the factorial structure of user recreational satisfaction in the urban forest by the LInear Structure RELation program. According to the factor analysis concerning the 13 variables, 4 prime factors by the statistical values were considered as effective, indicating, 'health and recreational facilities', 'convenience and management facilities','facilities for the physical and psychological training' and 'historical and cultural areas'. The results of the causal structure analysis were identified as having significant effects mutually on endogenous variables, 'overall recreational satisfaction of the areas and facilities in the Mt. Keumjung','health and recreational facilities','convenience and management facilities','facilities for the psychological training', and 'historical and cultural areas'. But exogenous variables which have significant effects on endogenous variables were also indentified. Overall fits of both causal model were very good. The hypothetical causal structural equation models based on the results found partially significant correlation between dndogenous variables and between envogenous and exogenous variables. These significant relationships indiate important factors and variables that should be considered in planning, design, and development of the urban forests. Therefore, development direction of the Mt. Keumjung has to be analyzed as significant factors concerning user recreational satisfaction in a systematic was, recognized as important variables for planning process. The plan for development and management also should reflect the natural conservation policy from the environmental conservation movement like natural conservation advertisement and environmental education.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.124-129
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• 2016

Background: Work-related fatigue has a strong impact on performance and safety but so far, no agreed upon method exists to detect and quantify it. It has been suggested that work-related fatigue cannot be quantified with just one test alone, possibly because fatigue is not a uniform construct. The purpose of this study is therefore to measure work-related fatigue with multiple tests and then to determine the underlying factorial structure. Methods: Twenty-eight employees (mean: 36.11; standard deviation 13.17) participated in five common fatigue tests, namely, posturography, heart rate variability, distributed attention, simple reaction time, and subjective fatigue before and after work. To evaluate changes from morning to afternoon, t tests were conducted. For further data analysis, the differences between afternoon and morning scores for each outcome measure and participant (${\Delta}$ scores) were submitted to factor analysis with varimax rotation and each factor with the highest-loading outcome measure was selected. The ${\Delta}$ scores from tests with single and multiple outcome measures were submitted for a further factor analysis with varimax rotation. Results: The statistical analysis of the multiple tests determine a factorial structure with three factors: The first factor is best represented by center of pressure (COP) path length, COP confidence area, and simple reaction time. The second factor is associated with root mean square of successive difference and useful field of view (UFOV). The third factor is represented by the single ${\Delta}$ score of subjective fatigue. Conclusion: Work-related fatigue is a multidimensional phenomenon that should be assessed by multiple tests. Based on data structure and practicability, we recommend carrying out further studies to assess work-related fatigue with manual reaction time and UFOV Subtest 2.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.501-508
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• 2021

Background: Yellow flags are psychosocial factors shown to be indicative of long-term chronicity and disability. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Turkish Yellow Flag Questionnaire (YFQ) in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP). Methods: The cross-cultural adaptation was conducted with translation and back-translation of the original version. Reliability (internal consistency and test-retest) was examined for 231 patients with CMP. Construct validity was assessed by correlating the YFQ with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire (OMPQ), and Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale (TKS). Factorial validity was examined with both exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis. Results: The YFQ showed excellent test/retest reliability with an Intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.82. The internal consistency was moderate (Cronbach's alpha of 0.797). As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, there were 7 domains compatible with the original version. As a result of confirmatory factor analysis, the seven-factor structure of YFQ was confirmed. There was a statistically significant correlation between YFQ-total score and OMPQ (r = 0.57, P < 0.001), HADS-anxiety (r = 0.32, P < 0.001), HADS-depression (r = 0.44, P < 0.001), and TKS (r = 0.37, P < 0.001). Conclusions: This study's results provide considerable evidence that the Turkish version of the YFQ has appropriate psychometric properties, including test-retest reliability, internal consistency, construct validity and factorial validity. It can be used for evaluating psychosocial impact in patients with CMP.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.125-130
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• 1979

It is well known that $L_2(m)$ type PBIB designs have the Property A, so they are BNAS PBIB designs. However, $L_3(m)$ type PBIB designs are not of type of Property A but do have the factorial structure (Cotter, John, and Smith(1973)). In this paper, the properties of the $L_3(m)$ type PBIB designs are investigated. Extended Property A and fractional BNAS are defined and a solution formula for the treatment effects in the $L_32(m)$ type designs is obtained.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.211-216
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• 2021

This study intended to test the structure of the latent factor of a subjective happiness scale and the stability of invariance across groups of students' classifications (gender and students' status). In the large, non-clinical sample (619), students completed the subjective happiness scale. The (CFA) confirmatory factor analysis was used to investigate the factor-structure of the measure, and multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) model was used to test the stability of invariance across groups of students classifications. The findings of the CFA indicated support for the original one-factor model. Additional analyses of the MGCFA method support the measurement (configural, metric and strong) invariant and practical invariant components of this model. There was an invariant across gender. There was partially invariant across groups of students' statuses. The scale exists in both groups to assess the same concepts of (single and married), excluding Items 3 and 4. Given that this study is the first investigation for the structure of the subjective happiness scale.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.149-156
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• 2021

This study intended to test the structure of the latent factor of an effectiveness scale and the stability of invariance across groups of students' classifications (gender and levels of education). In the large, non-clinical sample (850), students completed the effectiveness scale. The (CFA) confirmatory factor analysis was used to investigate the factor-structure of the measure, and multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) model was used to test the stability of invariance across groups of students' classifications. The findings of the CFA indicated support for the original four-factor model. Additional analyses of the MGCFA method support the measurement (configural, metric and strong) invariant and practical invariant components of this model. There was an invariant across gender. There was partially invariant across groups of levels of education. The scale exists in groups of levels of education assess the same concepts of, excluding Items 15 and 10. Given that this study is the first investigation for the structure of the effectiveness scale.