• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.1849-1858
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• 2004

For examining friction-factor characteristics of round-hole pattern surfaces which are usually applied on damper seals, flat plate test apparatus is designed and fabricated. The measurement method of leakage and pressure distribution along round-hole pattern specimen with different hole area is described and a method for determining the Fanning friction factor is discussed. Results show that the round-hole pattern surfaces provide a much larger friction factor than smooth surface, and the friction factor vs. clearance behavior yields that the friction factor generally decreases as the clearance increases unlike the results of Nava's flat plate test. As the hole depth is decreased, the friction factor is increased, and maximum friction factor is obtained for 50% of hole area. Since the present experimental friction factor results show coincident characteristics with Moody's friction factor model, empirical friction factors for round-hole pattern surfaces are obtained by using the Moody's formula based on curve-fit of the experimental data. Results of Villasmil's 2D CFD simulation support the present experimental test result.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2003

Objectives: The main purpose of this study is to analyze the importance of the rotatory factor in PNF pattern. In this article has to analyze and clarify the importance of the rotatory factor in PNF pattern by comparing the general concepts, facilitation technics, and neuroscience of muscle spindle, etc. Methods: This is a literature study with books. Results : There is close relationships between the pattern in PNF and rotatory factor. PNF pattern is priorily made up the diagonal and spiral pattern. the rotatory factor influences and guides from the start to end in the pattern. Conclusions : Rotation component is most important of the three component that one flexion or extension, abduction or adduction and rotation. It is that provide longer muscle length and stimulate the muscle spindles.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to help understanding of Korean fashion image by studying of design factor and formative characteristic. The methods of this study are the study of academic literatures as well as practical study through the analysis of case studies about actual works. The summary of this study's results is like followings. First, Perspectives seeing formative characteristic on Korean fashion image are Shape with a line, color, material, pattern, accessories. Second, Design factors deciding Korean fashion image are pattern, then in order of shape, color, material, accessories. Third, In results on design factor deciding Korean fashion image, when fashion designers focus on pattern, pattern is focused on without regard for other design factor. But color and material are accompanied by other design factor in expressing Korean fashion image. As fashion design point expressing Korean astetic, use of pattern is minimized other design factor, color and material are used with other design factor, then Korean fashion image will come out more than other time else. If We develop Korean fashion design to concentrate on shape and pattern, Korean fashion culture will be known to world people and beautiful value of Korean fashion will be handed effectively.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.12a
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• pp.465-470
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• 2002

For measuring friction-factor of artificially-roughened surfaces which are usually applied on damper seals, flat plate test apparatus is designed and fabricated. the measurement of leakage and pressure distribution through round-hole pattern specimen with different hole area is described and a method is discussed for determining the friction-factor experimentally. Results show that the friction-factor of the round-hole pattern surfaces is bigger than that of smooth surface and increases as increasing the hole area. A empirical friction factor model for round-hole pattern surface is defined as the Moody's friction factor formula.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06d
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• pp.840-845
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• 2001

Development of a small gas-turbine combustor for 100kW class APU(Auxiliary Power Unit) has been performed. This combustor is a reverse-annular type and has a tangential swirler in the liner head to improve the fuel/air mixing and flame stability. Three main and three pilot fuel injectors of the simplex pressure-swirl type are used. The performance target at the design condition includes a turbine inlet temperature of 1170K, a combustion efficiency of 99%, a pattern factor of 30%, and an engine durability of 3000 hours. Under developing the combustor, we conducted performance test of our first prototype(TS1) with some variants. As a result of the test, the performance targets of the combustor are satisfied except that the pattern factor is about 4% higher than target value. So, we redesigned the second prototype(TS2) and conduct performance test with the critical focus on pattern factor and exit mean temperature. We adopted TS2 four variant to check the improvement of pattern factor. As the result, the pattern factors of several variants were satisfied with the performance target. Finally, We chose the TS2A variant as a final combustor for our APU model.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.65-75
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• 1992

An analytical scheme for predicting the crack aspect pattern of materials which contain twin surface cracks was developed. Fatigue tests were performed on twin surface cracked PMMA plate specimens to obtain the interaction factor accounting for the interference effect of adjacent cracks. Here, the interaction factor is defined as the ratio of the stress intensity factor for twin surface cracks to that for a single surface crack. From the analysis of the fatigue test result, the interaction factor was presented as the ninth-order polynomial expression having a function of dimensionless crack spacing ratio. Then the polynomial expression was incorporated into the prediction program of the crack aspect pattern for twin surface cracked materials. And, the interaction effect and the coalescence condition of adjacent cracks were simplified in the newly developed prediction scheme of the crack aspect pattern. The predicted crack growth pattern using the prediction scheme was compared with test data from PMMA specimen. The predicted pattern agreed well with the test data.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.144-152
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• 2001

This research reviews the characteristics of consumption oriented culture of post modern society and describes the food consumption culture based on the evaluative criteria pattern in eating in Ulsan Metropolitan City. The subjects consisted in 217 full-time housewives and 129 cooks. The evaluative criteria of eating scale with 4 components - the eating atmosphere factor, the preference factor, the quality factor and the table factor- is described and interpreted in the context of consumption oriented culture. 4 clusters were decided through cluster analysis; preference and quality pursuing type, high involvement type, consumerism culture pursuing type and low involvement type. Among socio-economic variables, the evaluative criteria pattern of eating was significantly associated with occupation. The results of factor analysis and cluster analysis proved that the full-time house wives and cooks in Ulsan Metropolitan city showed the propensity to consumption oriented culture in food consumption culture.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.123-128
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• 2002

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate factor analysis of low back pain patients. Methods: The data were collected from hospital located in Daegu. Observation was made on 40 low back pain patients and factor analysis study was also performed in terms of their abnormal physical findings. Results: The low back pain patients occupied 20% of all clinical patients in male group and 20% in female group. The occurrence of acute low back pain in the first factor tended to be higher among in male group than among in female group. While it was significantly higher muscle weakness of the back in female group. The most prevailing abnormal finding among low back pain patients in the first factor were tender point on the back, While it was significantly lower Decreased tendon reflex in both sexes Conclusions: The factor pattern of abnormal physical findings in low back pain patients was much different between male and female patients, suggesting the different pattern of etiology. Although low back pain is one of the most common symptoms causing limitation activity, as yet there is no known specific effective treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.530-537
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to develop the measuring tool that can grasp the relationship between body and pattern, the result can be directly digitalized and developed as the pattern as body form is. There are 6 measurements; 1) the width of front and rear neck 2) the slant degree of shoulder 3) the degree of protrusion of breasts and scapulae 4) the separation of front and rear board 5) space between body and clothes 6) vertical strand in the clothes Developed measuring tool is handy in un. in which points of body to be measured are small, and it has the capability of designing the high fitness for body. The measurer developed through this study is named as $\ulcorner$Somato-pattern Measurer$\lrcorner$, size paper is named$\ulcorner$Somato-pattern Paper$\lrcorner$and the pattern made by$\ulcorner$Somato-pattern Measurer$\lrcorner$is named$\ulcorner$Somato-pattern$\lrcorner$respectively by our team. The result of this study is thought to make a great contribution to solving the various problems which can be derived in the time of pattern design because of the difference of physical forms in the same size as well as the difference between the factor of size and that of form in body.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.35-48
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• 1988

Amongst various analytic methods of internal structure of city, the factor analysis method which uses O-D matrix data has some merits and characteristics compared to other methods. 1) It is possible to find one certain interaction and flow pattern between traffic zones with in a city through reanalyzing O-D data which is too complex to grasp specific meaning or pattern of flow systems. 2) It can be easily visualized the traffic flow pattern by using adequate graphic techniques, and also can clarify the functional areas whose interaction linkages are significantly strong enough between each other. In this study, the taxi traffic O-D data between 42 traffic zones in Kwang-ju city was reanalyzied by varimax rotated factor analysis methods. As a result, four factors that have significant level factor loading (over 0.5 ) and factor score (over 1.0) were sorted out. so to speak four different functional areas were clarified in Kwang-ju city, of the West, the East, the south, and the North functional areas whose interaction linkages are significantly strong enough between each other. In the study, the taxi traffic O-D data between 42 traffic zones in Kwang-ju city was reanalyzied by varimax rotated factor analysis methods. As a result, four factors that have significant level factor loading (over 0.5) and factor score 9over 1.0) were sorted out. so to speak four different functional areas were clarified in Kwang-ju city, of the West, the East, the South, and the North functional area, then these four functional areas are almost coincided with citizen's general conception of community division and administrative district. Accordingly the factor analysis methods using traffic data seems to proved to be very accurate and useful analytic instruments for analyzing flow pattern and clarifying functional areas of city, and believed to provide basic informations and criteria for practical urban land use planning and transportation planning.