• 지능정보연구
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2007

인터넷의 대중화와 e-비즈니스의 활성화에 따라 향후 인터넷과 유비쿼터스 환경에 대비한 지능형시스템 연구가 가속화 되고 있다. 전문가시스템도 기존의 Stand Alone방식에서 웹기반의 클라이언트-서버방식으로 발전되고 있으며, 다양한 인터넷 환경에서 활용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 인터넷 웹 환경에서의 전문가시스템 개발환경과 고려사항들을 살펴 보고 웹 기반 전문가시스템들을 유형별로 분류하고, 분석하여 이를 통해 웹 기반 전문가 시스템의 일반적인 유형 모델과 구조를 제시한다. 본 논문에서는 첫 번째 클라이언트와 서버 간의 Load Balancing 측면에 따라 서버중심의 Server Oriented, 클라이언트 중심의 Client Oriented의 두 가지 모델을 구분 하였다. 그리고, 두 번째 지식 및 추론 공유 정도에 따라 지식과 추론에 대한 공유가 전혀 이루어 지지 않는 No Sharing, 서버들 간에 지식 및 추론의 공유가 이루어지는 경우인 Server Sharing, 클라이언트 간의 공유가 이루어 지는 경우인 Client Sharing, 클라이언트, 서버 모두에서 공유가 이루어 지는 경우인 Client-Server Sharing의 네 가지 모델을 분류하였다. 이들의 조합을 통해 총 8가지의 유형을 도출하였다. 또한 각 모델 별로 유형별 구조와 장단점, 인터넷상에서의 지식베이스, Fact Base, 추론엔진 등의 위치 문제와 사용기술, 고려사항, 서비스 유형들을 구분, 분석하였다. 본 논문을 통해서 제시된 프레임워크를 활용하여 새로운 환경에 좀더 능동적으로 대처할 수 있는 효율적인 전문가시스템의 다양한 개발이 기대된다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.133-141
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• 2020

현재 기업들은 4차 산업혁명으로 인하여 더욱 치열해진 경쟁 시대에, 어떻게 하면 구성원들의 변화지향 조직시민행동을 가지게 할 것인가에 주목하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 혁신-관계의 유연문화가 구성원들의 긍정심리자본과 변화지향 조직시민행동에 어떠한 역할을 하는지를 검증하였다. 대전시, 세종시, 충청남·북도 소재 기업의 종업원들을 대상으로 설문조사하여 394부 유효설문을 분석에 활용하였다. 연구에서 얻은 구체적인 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 혁신-관계의 유연문화중 혁신문화는 변화지향 조직시민행동에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 관계문화는 변화지향 조직시민행동에 직접적인 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 혁신-관계의 유연문화가 긍정심리자본에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 긍정심리자본이 변화지향 조직시민행동에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 긍정심리자본은 혁신-관계의 유연문화의 지각과 변화지향 조직시민행동간의 관계에서 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 조직에서 혁신-관계의 조직문화를 구축하고 또한 구성원들이 긍정적 심리상태가 되도록 하여야만 오늘날 같이 치열한 경쟁상황에서 변화지향의 조직시민행동이 나타날 수 있음을 규명하였다고 하겠다. 향후의 연구는 조직문화의 단위를 본부 또는 팀으로 세분화 되어 측정하여 하위문화(sub culture)유형과 이에 따른 새로운 조직시민행동의 연구가 이루어지기를 기대한다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.286-295
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• 2015

Objective: This experiment is to study how elderly group and their various lifestyles interact with health functional foods, according to their selection behavior. Different lifestyles will be observed closely, as well as how different health conditions and consumer involvements will affect critical decision making in selecting health functional foods. Method: Theories and discoveries from original advanced research were compared parallel to the new study. Results: First, cluster analysis and exploratory analysis were performed amongst different elder lifestyles. Lifestyle exploratory analysis was used for healthy, unique, leisure, and economical-style elders. Cluster analysis was used for material trend oriented, health oriented, complacent oriented-style elders. Health Functional Foods' selection trait Exploratory Factor Analysis showed that product's originality (function, uniqueness, specialty, compatibility, distributor, expiration date), quality (amount, daily dose, visual representation, accessibility, portability, natural ingredients), and popularity (product container, brand image, taste and smell, advertised product, domestic or import, well-known function) were the three main causes. Secondly, the amount of benefits for the elderly group health lifestyle were affected by 'Interest in health', 'Notability of the health functional food', and 'Functionality approved mark'. Specifically, the importance of, 'Interest in health', 'Notability of health functional food', and 'Functionality approved mark' were noticeably high within health oriented elders. Lastly, after examining the data from elder lifestyle's relationship with health functional food selection trait, all three different results showed equal importance. If you closely examine material trend oriented elderly group, selection trait showed distinctively high regards in 'Fundamental Attribute', 'Typical Attribute', and 'Cognitive Attribute'. Health oriented elders showed their distinctively high regards in 'Natural Attribute', and less consideration in 'Typical Attribute' and 'Cognitive Attribute'. Complacent oriented-style elderly group showed less focus on 'Fundamental Attribute', and even less in 'Typical Attribute', and 'Cognitive Attribute'. Health oriented elderly group concluded with above data from the fact that they showed most importance and involvement in health beneficial products that are scientifically proven. Material trend oriented elderly group showed balanced traits in their concluded data, showing that they prefer function, safety, as well as the brand image and their reputation. Also, they consider the products' outer elements, such as design and product name, in order to sense inner functions. Conclusion: So, Silver Business corporations must develop products to fulfill the market demands, and strategize marketing plans to better target the correct audience.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2017

Purpose - Recently, domestic pharmaceutical market is growing steadily, but top-tier companies are concentrating on sales growth. In this market, SMEs, which account for more than 80% of the entire market, suffer from the problem of lower margins and increasing inventory costs. According to the government's policy changes related to pharmaceuticals, it is pointed out that the management of existing customers and the control of salespeople are important issues for pharmaceutical companies. This study investigates the effect of the control system on the salesperson in domestic pharmaceutical distribution channel on customer-oriented selling behaviors and sales performance. Research design, data, and methodology - To verify the proposed research model and test hypotheses, the authors selected 244 MR(medical representatives)'s responses which have currently relationship with doctors or pharmacists. This study carefully investigated the reliability, content validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the proposed model. Results - The authors find out the following results: capacity control, activity control, and self control have positive effects on customer-oriented selling behaviors and customer-oriented selling behaviors have a positive effect on sales performance. In addition, we present alternative model to check the direct effect between the control systems and the sales performance, but control system factors except self control have no direct influence. Conclusions - First of all, competency control and activity control increases the customer-oriented selling behavior of the salesperson. This means that the salesperson's sales skill, negotiation skill, customer access skill, presentation ability, monitoring, direction and evaluation are important and it is also important to control activities to check the number of visits to customers, report preparation, and customer service etiquette. Second, the fact that self-control of salesperson affects the customer-oriented selling behavior suggests that self-control is not controlled by external factors but rather establishes short/long-term goals. Therefore, it is important for sales organization to create an environment in which members can induce persistent incentives for self-control. Finally, output control did not affect customer-oriented sales behavior, which is less likely to form confidence or motivation to MRs when output control is perceived as a means of monitoring, supervising, or controlling rather than providing information to salespeople.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제9권
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• pp.33-61
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• 1982

It is an established fact that the university library is an important element in the higher education system. To keep abreast with the changing social environment industrial development and explosive increase of knowledge, the university library must also find new a n.0, pproaches to better serve the users in the university community. Also, on the part of university faculty, instructional methods must be improved from text book oriented education toward assignment oriented education. To facilitate effective teaching, the role of university library and its efficient use has become more important and indispensable. The objective of this study was to review the literature, and to find out current practice among students and professional librarians on the library instruction in order to find ways to strengthen and improve it. A specially designed questionnaire was used to survey current status. Results of the survey are summarized as follows; (1) Most university students received some guidance on library utilization as part of their freshman orientation program. However, it is found that the elementary nature of the guidance program was insufficient for their subsequent actual attempt to use. Students are not familiar with library organization, search procedure, and they lack basic knowledge on library service available to them. (2) Problem areas related to library instruction are insufficient amount of time allocated for the guidance program, big size of orientation program, and lack of interest on the part of students, etc. It is therefore recommended that the above mentioned problem areas be overcome through cooperative and concerted efforts among faculty members, professional librarians, and the university administration by increasing library instruction hours, improving the contents of program in its scope and depth to be practically useful. To sum up, the lecture oriented education should be shifted toward library oriented education by improved instruction program on library use.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2015

This study is looking to do a new model which overcomes emotional isolation phenomenons of aged people through using an advanced technology in our community approaching an aging society. Senior welfare has been oriented to economically, medically supported welfare model so far. An ageing society going on, even if the scale of welfare cost is bigger and bigger, the level of satisfaction has been decreasing. This is the fact that the expansion of economical support for the aged in emotional alienation is not only a solution for them suffering from emotional isolation phenomenons, which requires a new model for senior welfare. Above all, because the senior welfare oriented to economically, medically supported welfare model can not be continued any more, a new model is required to be sustainable in national finance. This study has a purpose that recovers emotional life of the aged, improves their quality of life, and offers emotional welfare model to be sustainable economically.

• Carbon letters
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.108-112
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• 2004

Effect of silicon infiltration on the bend and tensile strength of 2D cross-ply carbon-carbon composites are studied. It is observed that bend strength higher than tensile strength in both types of composite is due to the different mode of fracture and loading direction. After silicon infiltrations bend and tensile strength suddenly decreases of carbon-carbon composites. This is due to the fact that, after silicon infiltration, silicon in the immediate vicinity of carbon forms the strong bond between carbon and silicon by formation silicon carbide and un-reacted silicon as free silicon. Therefore, these composites consist of three components carbon, silicon carbide and silicon. Due to mismatch between these three components secondary cracks developed and these cracks propagate from $90^{\circ}$ oriented plies to $0^{\circ}$ oriented plies by damaging the fibers (i.e., in-situ fiber damages). Hence, secondary cracks and in-situ fiber damages are responsible for degradation of mechanical properties of carbon-carbon composites after silicon infiltration which is revealed by microstructure investigation study by scanning electron microscope.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.399-406
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• 1996

The orientational cross-over phenomena in an RF sputtering growth of TiN films were studied in an in-situ, real-time synchrotron x-ray scattering experiment. For the films grown with pure Ar sputtering gas, the cross-over from the more strained (002)-oriented grains to the less strained (111)-oriented grains occurred as the film thickness was increased. As the sputtering power was increased, the cross-over thickness, at which the growth orientation changes from the <002> to the <111> direction, was decreased. The addition of $N_2$ besides Ar as sputtering gas suppressed the cross-over, and consequently resulted in the (002) preferred orientation without exhibiting the cross-over. We attribute the observed cross-over phenomena to the competition between the surface and the strain energy. The x-ray powder diffraction, the x-ray reflectivity, and the ex-situ AFM surface topology study consistently suggest that the microscopic growth front was in fact always the (002) planes. In the initial stage of growth, the (002) planes were aligned to the substrate surface to minimize the surface energy. At later stages, however, the (002) growth front tilted away from the surface by about $60^{\circ}$ to relax the strain, which caused the cross-over of the preferred growth direction to the <111> direction.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2008

This paper describes the design and implementation of a two-tier DBMS for handling massive data and providing faster response time. In the present day, the main requirements of DBMS are figured out using two aspects. The first is handling large amounts of data. And the second is providing fast response time. But in fact, Traditional DBMS cannot fulfill both the requirements. The disk-oriented DBMS can handle massive data but the response time is relatively slower than the memory-resident DBMS. On the other hand, the memory-resident DBMS can provide fast response time but they have original restrictions of database size. In this paper, to meet the requirements of handling large volumes of data and providing fast response time, a two-tier DBMS is proposed. The cold-data which does not require fast response times are managed by disk storage manager, and the hot-data which require fast response time among the large volumes of data are handled by memory storage manager as snapshots. As a result, the proposed system performs significantly better than disk-oriented DBMS with an added advantage to manage massive data at the same time.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2016

콘크리트는 대표적인 불균질 재료이며 콘크리트의 역학적 특성은 다양한 요인들에 의해 영향을 받는다. 그 중 콘크리트 내부에 존재하는 공극은 콘크리트의 강도를 결정하는데 많은 영향을 주고 있기 때문에 공극의 분포 및 크기를 파악하는 연구는 매우 중요하며 그 방법으로 화상이미지를 이용한 연구가 대두되고 있다. 경량 기포 콘크리트는 현재 비구조용에 관한 연구만 진행되고 있기 때문에, 구조용으로 사용하기 위한 경량 기포 콘크리트의 역학적 특성을 평가하고 화상 이미지를 기반으로 FEM 해석을 이용한 검증에 관한 연구는 미비하다. 그러므로 기포제 혼입률에 따른 시멘트 페이스트를 제작하여 역학적 성능 평가를 실시하고 화상 이미지를 이용하여 FEM 해석을 실시하여 역학적 성능 비교 및 검증을 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 기포제 혼입률에 따른 공극 분포를 확인하기 위해 7수준으로 하였으며 추 후 구조용 경량 기포 콘크리트에 대한 연구를 진행하기 위해 물-결합재비를 20%로 하였다. 기포제 혼입률이 0.8%에서 단위 용적 질량이 최소가 되었으며 그 이상 혼입했을 시 기포 간의 상호 연결로 인한 깨짐 현상이 발생하여 단위 용적 질량이 증가하였다. 공극 분포에 따른 FEM 해석을 위해 화상분석기(HF-MA C01)를 이용하여 시멘트 페이스트 단면을 촬영하였고 이를 토대로 OOF(Object Oriented Finite elements)를 이용한 FEM 해석을 실시한 결과 실험 탄성계수와 해석 탄성계수가 일치하였다.