• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.499-505
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• 2003

This paper proposes methods to extract face elements and facial characteristics points for face recognition. We select a candidate region of the face elements with geometrical information between them inside the extracted face region with skin color and extract them using their inherent features. The facial characteristics to be applied to face recognition is expressed with geometrical relation such as distance and angle between the extracted face elements. Experiment results shows good performance to extract of face elements.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.137-146
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• 2010

Objectives : While there are many studies about treatments of facial palsy, no study has been performed on general population of Korea, especially concerning about comparison between western medicine and oriental medicine. This study aimed to investigate magnitude of health visits and treatment patterns for Korean patients with facial palsy through the computerized database of Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service(HIRAS). Methods : According to the HIRAS database over 5 years' period from 2004 to 2008, the medical records of patients with facial palsy as a main diagnosis were extracted. Inclusion criteria of facial palsy are Bell's palsy(G510), Geniculate ganglionitis(G511), Melkersson's syndrome(G512), Other disorders of facial nerve(G518), Disorder of facial nerve, unspecified(G519) in western medicine. And Paralytic face(G016), Deviated eye and mouth(J01), The other facial palsy(J013) were included in oriental medicine. We compared the claim number of western medical care with that of oriental medicine treatment by year and month. Results : The total claim number of facial palsy was increasing on both western medicine and oriental medicine from 2004 to 2008. In western medicine, the claim number of Bell's palsy(G510) is the most. In oriental medicine the inpatients claim number of Deviated eye and mouth(J01) is the most, while outpatients claim number of the other facial palsy(J013) is the most. Conclusions : Medical database of HIRAS provided comprehensive and vast information on epidemiologic characteristics and treatment, which can be more reliable data to expect medical demand for facial palsy in condition that accurate diagnosis and standardized treatment is delivered in clinical settings.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.400-409
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• 2000

This study used in vivo intracellular and extracellular field potential recording to evaluate the intrinsic membrane properties and connection pattern within facial nucleus. 1. There were four subdivisions of medial, intermediate, lateral, and dorsolateral in facial nucleus. 2. Principal cells in the facial nucleus was recorded from and filled with neurobiotin in anesthetized rats. The extent of their dendrites and the characteristics of cell body were examined. 3. Principal cells had a large amplitude action potential and afterhyperpolarization was followed a single action potential. 4. The response from facial motonucleus to electrical stimulation of the facial nerve was mainly a monophasic wave, with a latency of 1 msec, which was assumed to reflect antidromic activation of facial motoneurons. In some of rats the response in addition showed late components at a latency of about 7-8 msec, but its amplitude was small. 5 Most of cells exhibited accommodation of spike discharge upon depolarization of membrane by 0.8 nA for 400 ms. Our results support the hypothesis that there normally are weak connections between different parts of the facial motonucleus to explain pathophysiology of hemifacial spasm and facial naive paralysis.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.921-932
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• 2007

This study is to examine the relationship between their parent-child communication and their reactive characteristics to the PSCD(Parent-Self-Centered-Drawing) test of the Female high-School Students. The study subjects are 209 Female high-School Students, and research tools are PSCD test and a measure of parent-child communication. The data were analyzed with a paired t-test, one-way ANOVA and Scheffe's post-hoc test. Results are as follows. First, they perceived positively communication toward mother more than communication toward father. Second, as for communication toward father according to the subjects' reaction to the father figure, female students show difference in ommission of facial parts, ommission of body parts, balance of body parts, facial expression and positive and negative symbols. Third, as for communication toward mother according to the subjects' reaction to the mother figure, female students show difference in ommission of facial parts, ommission of body parts, balance of body parts, facial expression and negative symbols. Forth, according to the female students' reaction to the self figure, they show different levels of communication toward father and self in regard of facial expression and distance between the figures. On the other hand, they show different levels of communication toward mother with respect to ommission of facial parts, ommission of body parts, balance of body parts, facial expression and distance between the figures. The authors conclude that the PSCD is a useful tool for measuring the level of parent-child communication.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.101-108
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• 2016

Objectives : Among the assessment tools for evaluating facial function, the House-Brackmann scale is used as a standard tool, but it has some shortcomings. The Sunnybrook Facial Grading System can assess the after effects of facial palsy and facial movement by each part of the face. By understanding the application state of this Sunnybrook Facial Grading System, we intend to analyze the relationship between House-Brackmann scale score and Sunnybrook Facial Grading System score so that we can examine the advantages of the Sunnybrook Facial Grading System as a more accurate tool. Methods : We screened both inpatients and outpatients who visited the Facial Palsy Center at Kyung Hee University Hospital for Korean medical treatment and were evaluated with the Sunnybrook Facial Grading System from December 2015 to October 2016. A total of 159 out of 166 patients were studied, including basic characteristics and missing data. We used descriptive statistics for general features of patients and SPSS Ver.18 for statistical analysis. Results : House-Brackmann scale and Sunnybrook Facial Grading System have high negative correlation through Pearson Correlation Coefficient with a score of -0.884. Analyzing outlier data resulting from relation analysis between the House-Brackmann scale and the Sunnybrook Facial Grading System showed many outliers when the damaged state of each part of the face is different. Conclusion : Sunnybrook Facial Grading System can make up for faults of the House-Brackmann scale, which is inferior in accuracy when each damage status of each part of the face is different. Sunnybrook Facial Grading System performs a detailed assessment of facial function and sequelae of facial palsy easier than the House-Brackmann scale.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.243-245
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• 2007

This letter presents a new feature extraction method based on the private energy map (PEM) technique to utilize the energy characteristics of a facial image. Compared with a non-facial image, a facial image shows large energy congestion in special regions of discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients. The PEM is generated by energy probability of the DCT coefficients of facial images. In experiments, higher face recognition performance figures of 100% for the ORL database and 98.8% for the ETRI database have been achieved.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.178-185
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• 2013

Objective: To standardize the facial soft-tissue characteristics of South Korean adults according to gender by measuring the soft-tissue thickness of young men and women with normal facial profiles by using three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed models. Methods: Computed tomographic images of 22 men aged 20 - 27 years and 18 women aged 20 - 26 years with normal facial profiles were obtained. The hard and soft tissues were three-dimensionally reconstructed by using Mimics software. The soft-tissue thickness was measured from the underlying bony surface at bilateral (frontal eminence, supraorbital, suborbital, inferior malar, lateral orbit, zygomatic arch, supraglenoid, gonion, supraM2, occlusal line, and subM2) and midline (supraglabella, glabella, nasion, rhinion, mid-philtrum, supradentale, infradentale, supramentale, mental eminence, and menton) landmarks. Results: The men showed significantly thicker soft tissue at the supraglabella, nasion, rhinion, mid-philtrum, supradentale, and supraglenoid points. In the women, the soft tissue was significantly thicker at the lateral orbit, inferior malar, and gonion points. Conclusions: The soft-tissue thickness in different facial areas varies according to gender. Orthodontists should use a different therapeutic approach for each gender.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.881-886
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• 2012

The paper is facial expression recognition based on the inclined face geometrical information. In facial expression recognition, mouth has a key role in expressing emotions, in this paper the features is mainly based on the shapes of mouth, followed by eyes and eyebrows. This paper makes its efforts to disperse every feature values via the weighting function and proposes method of expression classification with excellent classification effects; the final recognition model has been constructed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.184-185
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• 2018

Face Song Player, which is a system that recognizes the facial expression of an individual and plays music that is appropriate for such person, is presented. It studies information on the facial contour lines and extracts an average, and acquires the facial shape information. MUCT DB was used as the DB for learning. For the recognition of facial expression, an algorithm was designed by using the differences in the characteristics of each of the expressions on the basis of expressionless images.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.667-669
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• 2022

In this paper, Face Song Player, which is a system that recognizes the facial expression of an individual and plays music that is appropriate for such person, is presented. It studies information on the facial contour lines and extracts an average, and acquires the facial shape information. MUCT DB was used as the DB for learning. For the recognition of facial expression, an algorithm was designed by using the differences in the characteristics of each of the expressions on the basis of expressionless images.