• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 2012

Purpose: Despite poor cognitive function in heart failure (HF), few studies have examined cognition and its probable implication in self-care among Korean HF patients. The purposes of this study were (1) to describe cognition in the domains of global, memory, and executive functions, (2) to explore the relationship between cognition and self-care, and (3) to determine the amount of dietary sodium intake among Korean HF patients. Methods: A pilot study was conducted: 7 HF patients (3 men, mean age 68 years) completed face-to-face interviews for neuropsychological tests of cognition and self-care including dietary sodium intake. Results: More than half of the patients had impaired global cognition, memory, or executive function; patients with more severe HF were at higher risk of poor cognitive function. Korean HF patients exhibited poor self-care, with a high dietary sodium intake (5.6 g/day), approximately twice more than the suggested guideline of 2~3 g/day for patients with stable HF. Conclusion: Cognitive dysfunction and inadequate self-care with noncompliance with dietary sodium restriction were evident in Korean HF patients. More studies are warranted that examine the prevalence of cognitive impairment and areas of deficit using neuropsychological tests in a larger sample and that examine how cognition affects self-care and compliance in salt-intake.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.164-173
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• 2004

In this paper, we propose a system that can analyze appearance interval of casts by detecting and recognizing casts in broadcasting videos. The cast is one of the most important characteristics in broadcasting videos such as drama and sports. In this paper, we propose the ACAV(Automatic Cast-list Analysis in Videos) system that analyzes cast-list automatically in video. The ACAV system consists of FAGIS(FAce reGIStration) which registers detected faces into the face DB and FACOG(FAce reCOGnition) that analyses the cast-list in video sequence using the face DB. We evaluate performance of the ACAV system by comparing with FaceIt, one of the most well-known commercial systems for the cast-list analysis. The ACAV shows face detection and recognition rates of 84.3% and 75.7% that are about 30% and 27.5% higher than those of FaceIt, respectively. The ACAV system can be applied to mass broadcasting videos management system for broadcasters and video management system of PVR(Personal Video Recorder) and mobile phone for the public.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.99-127
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• 1998

The purposes of this study are first, to plan communication strategies for promoting the 1st National Science Festival and other events of the April 1997's Science Month in Koreas; second, to monitor communication activities done for those events; third, to evaluate effects of communication activities. Both the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Korea Science Foundation were arranged to execute our planned communication strategies. Basically we utilized the three sequences of human behavioral condition : Exposure, attention, and cognition. For planning, we suggested concrete communication strategies for each sequence, for example, first, those for bringing exposure to every event, second, those for bringing attention to the event, and third, those for bringing cognition of the event. Those communication strategies were suggested to use specifics of newspapers, television programs, radio programs, commercial and corporate magazines, electric visual sign advertisements on the street, and computer communication. For monitoring and evaluation, we used the same three sequences as the criteria. For example, we monitored and evaluated how much exposure, attention or cognition an event got or which specific medium contributed to exposure to, cognition of an event. For monitoring, graduate students were dispatched to examine each event through watching and interviewing. For evaluation, about 950 of event participants and non-participants were surveyed by means of face-to-face interview. Overall, we found that newspaper articles and television programs contributed a lot to people's exposure to events of the April 1997's Science Month. Especially, newspaper played a major role of heightening exposure. However, most events and/or their science and technology content failed to get salient attention and its following active cognition. The 1st National Science Festival attracted much exposure, but had some problems of disorder and commercialism. This sharp increase of exposure and some attention were believed to have reinforced people's, especially event participants' positive opinion of science and technology which is part of scientific culture.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.361-368
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• 2010

Purpose: Authors tried to analyze the influence of individual facial aesthetic subunits on the cognition of facial attractiveness in public and suggest a mathematical model which explain the facial attractiveness. Methods: Independent facial aesthetic subunits are extracted from facial photographs from three women (11 frontal and 7 lateral aesthetic subunits). Each facial subunits of three women are rated in terms of relative rank by 164 peoples (68 man and 96 woman, average age was 32.4, and ranged ${\pm}$ 9.8 years). $x^2$-test and categorical regression analysis were performed. Results: There was no difference in the aesthetic preference in terms of ages or sexes in large. Beautification of individual aesthetic subunits can predict the overall facial attractiveness up to 42.1% in frontal face (Adjusted $R^2$=0.421, F=6.39, p=0.000 < 0.05) and 22.7% in lateral face (Adjusted $R^2$=0.227, F=4.42, p=0.000 < 0.05). Aesthetic appearance of eyes (p=0.001), upper face (p=0.034) in frontal face and midface (p=0.000) in lateral face are statistically important factors in the cognition of facial attractiveness. Conclusion: Authors experimently proved that harmony and balance among facial aesthetic subunits are the most important factors, in embarking on facial aesthetic plastic surgery, for better enhancement of facial attractiveness.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.180-192
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to survey basic data for management of elderly day care centers. In this study, occupation, leisure life, and food, clothing and habituation, as well as social relationship, health state and behavior, and general characteristics of subjects were examined to identify the factors affecting their cognition, need and preference of the day care centers. The subjects of this study were 392 elderly, aged 60 years or over, living in Gangnung and neighboring districts. Data were collected by educated interviewers from November 4 through November 22, 2002. The subjects were interviewed face to face, one for one after the interviewee's agreements on the survey. The collected data were analysed with logistic regression analysis by SAS (statistical analysis system). Logistic regression analysis was done to identify affecting factors for cognition, need and preference of the elderly day care centers. The major findings are as follows: 1. The factors affecting cognition for the day care centers were analysed. The subjects with an occupation and a lower satisfaction level of living environment and friendship, who were economically secure enough to manage a sudden accident, showed a higher level of cognition of the day care centers. The subjects with a higher level of mental health state and a lower level of IADL also showed a higher level of cognition. On the general characteristics younger female subjects showed a higher level of cognition. 2. The subjects with a lower level of perceived economic condition who did not own their housing and were not economically safe enough to manage a sudden accident, had showed a higher level of need for the day care centers. It showed that the subjects with a high level of mental health state, a bad eye sight and dental condition, a good perceived health condition, and a lower level of IADL, needed the centers. 3. The subjects who had an occupation, however, not capable of making their own daily expenses, and a low occupation satisfaction level, and who did not own their housing, and were economically poor not enough to manage a sudden accident, showed a higher preference for the day care centers. The subjects with higher levels of friendship satisfaction and perceived health condition, not living with their spouse, and a higher education level, showed a higher preference for the centers. In conclusion, the common factors affecting their cognition, need and preference of the day care centers were occupation, economic security enough to manage accidents, and friendship satisfaction level. Especially, the subjects who had an occupation, however, not economically secure enough to manage accidents, and who did not live in their own housing with a good perceived health condition, showed high levels of need and preference for the day care centers. These results can be used as basic data to develop the efficient elderly day care centers, thus contribute to the elderly welfare in a local community.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.323-336
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• 2021

This study investigated the cognitive process of fashion design images through eye activity tracking. Differences in the cognitive process and gaze activity according to image elements were confirmed. The results of the study are as follows. First, a difference was found between groups in the gaze time for each section according to the model and design. Although model diversity is an important factor leading the interest of observers, the simplicity of the model was deemed more effective for observing the design. Second, the examination of the differences by segments regarding the gaze weight of the image area showed differences for each group. When a similar type of model is repeated, the proportion of face recognition decreases, and the proportion of design recognition time increases. Conversely, when the model diversity is high, the same amount of time is devoted to recognizing the model's face in all the processes. Additionally, there was a difference in the gaze activity in recognizing the same design according to the type of model. These results enabled the confirmation of the importance of the model as an image recognition factor in fashion design. In the fashion industry, it is important to find a cognitive factor that attracts and retains consumers' attention. If the design recognition effect is further maximized by finding service points to be utilized, the brand's sustainability is expected to be enhanced even in the rapidly changing fashion industry.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.264-272
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• 2012

For understanding the tourists' characteristics of several types of ecotourism sites, we surveyed and analyzed the demographic characteristics, travel motivations and cognition of damage in Bukhansan trail, Upo marshes, Jirisan trail and Uljin Keumgang pine tree trail. The field survey were conducted through face-to-face interviews. In the case of Bukhansan trail, many people came to build up their health, so the ratio of eco-tourists and the awareness of environmental damage was low. In Upo marshes, there were many group tourists who want to enhance friendship between the colleagues. And the ratio of eco-tourists, enjoying several activities such as observation or experience about the ecosystems of wetland and bird watching appeared high, but the cognition of tourists about the damage of natural environment was low because the flatland type tour site, Upo marshes has less damage factors comparing with mountain type tour sites. In Jirisan trail, eco-tourists, nature tourists and mass tourists appeared mixed and the cognition of damage was higher than that of flatland type. In the case of Uljin Keumgang pine tree trail, almost indices showed higher values than other sites because the tourists who visited there have high cognition of eco-tourism and nature conservation by limiting entrance. Tourists were generally accepted positively the control method such as collection of entrance fee and visitor reservation system when natural damages are expected.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.801-804
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 등장 인물 검출 및 인식과 함께 등장 인물의 출연 구간 분석이 가능한 시스템을 제안한다. 드라마, 스포츠와 같은 방송 비디오는 그 특성상 인물이 중심이 되며 각 시점에 등장하는 주요 인물은 방송용 비디오의 중요한 특징이 된다. 따라서 방송용 비디오의 중요한 특징인 등장 인물을 분석하여 효율적인 비디오 관리 시스템을 개발할 수 있다. 본 논문에서 제안된 ACAV(Automatic Characters Analysis in Videos) 시스템은 등장 인물을 검출하여 인물 DB에 등록하는 FAGIS(FAce reGIStration)와 생성된 인물 DB을 이용하여 등장 인물을 분석하는 FACOG(FAce reCOGnition)로 구성된다. 상용화된 등장 인물 분석 시스템인 FaceIt과의 성능 비교를 통해 ACAV의 성능을 검증하였다. 얼굴 검출 실험에서 ACAV의 얼굴 검출률은 84.3%로 FaceIt 보다 약 30% 높았고, 얼굴 인식 실험에서도 ACAV의 얼굴 인식률은 75.7%로 FaceIt 보다 27.5% 높은 성능을 보였다. ACAV 시스템은 방송 멀티미디어 공급자를 위한 대용량 비디오 관리 시스템으로 이용될 수 있으며 일반 사용자를 대상으로 한 PVR(Personal Video Recorder), 모바일 폰 등의 비디오 관리 시스템으로도 이용될 수 있다.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.37-47
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• 2019

Purpose - It is well known that chemyon, referred to by Westerners as face, naturally penetrates the daily life of Asians and influences their cognition, emotion, and behavior. Studies related to chemyon have been conducted in marketing and consumer behavior fields (e.g., luxury products or brands, service failure and recovery, brand preferences, consumer decision making, wedding ceremony, gift giving). A bulk of studies demonstrate that chemyon influences consumption behavior in Asian consumers. Although chemyon significantly influences consumption behavior of Asian consumers, it is also a cultural phenomenon that is not completely explained within the Western viewpoint. Whereas a number of researchers have approached cross-cultural studies of Asian and Western consumers, a limited number of studies have examined it from the perspective of chemyom. The purpose of this study is to compare the phenomenon that chemyon (face) not only affects the consumption behavior of Asia and the West universally (pan-culturally), but also distinctively (culture-specifically). That is, the purpose of this study is to describe that chemyon (face) is not only a culture-specific phenomenon but also a universal phenomenon in the consumption behavior of Asian and Western consumers, even though the extent that chemyon (face) impacts consumption behavior is differentiated. This study aims to understand commonalities and differences between Asian and Western consumption behavior in terms of chemyon (face), and to suggest how to enhance marketing effectiveness in a global market based on understanding the consumption behavior of Asia and the West. Research design, data, and methodology - Using systematic literature review and meta-analysis, this study investigates consumption behavior of Asian and Western consumers from the perspective of chemyon (face). Systematic literature review was used to compare face (chemyon) consumption of Western consumers with that of Asian consumers. To verify systematic literature review, meta-analysis was also accomplished. Results - First, the influence of face (chemyon) on consumption behavior is observed in Western consumers as well as Asian consumers. Second, Asian consumers are more influenced by face (chemyon) than Western consumers. Conclusions - Overall, chemyon (face) can affect the consumption behavior of Asians as well as the consumption behavior of Westerners.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.710-719
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• 2016

Impulsive buying has been considered as one of the major negative shopping behavior. Indeed, it happened more easily in the Internet shopping area. This study attempted to examine the influence of personality on the compulsive buying tendency of college students who are actively shopping clothing and apparels through Internet. The results of the current study showed that there are four types of compulsive buying tendency such as 'diversion', 'no-plan', 'buyer/ product-stimuli' and 'promotion-stimuli.' It seemed that personality such as sensation seeking, need-for cognition, self-esteem, and face-consciousness had influence on the impulsive buying tendency. More specifically, people with low self-esteem and high face-consciousness tend to have more impulsive buying tendency. The relationship between each of the impulsive buying tendency and personality had been discussed.