• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.181-191
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• 2004

For a rigid retaining wall with rough face, the magnitude and distribution of active earth pressure on the wall are affected by the shape of failure surface and arching effect developed in the backfill as well as internal friction angle of the backfill and wall friction angle. Therefore, the practical shape of failure surface and arching effect in the backfill must be considered to acquire accurate magnitude and non-linear distribution of active earth pressure acting on the rigid retaining wall. In this study, a new formulation for calculating the active earth pressure on a rough rigid retaining wall rotating about the top is proposed considering the practical shape of non-linear failure surface and arching effects. Accuracy of the proposed equation is checked through comparisons of calculations from the proposed equations with existing model test results. The comparisons show that the proposed equations produce satisfactory results.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.193-203
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• 2004

Arching effects in backfill materials generate a nonlinear active earth pressure distribution on a rigid retaining wall with rough face, and arching effects on the shape of the nonlinear earth pressure distribution depends on the mode of wall movement. Therefore, the practical shape of failure surface and arching effect in the backfill changed with the mode of wall movement must be considered to calculate accurate magnitude and distribution of active earth pressure on the rigid wall. In this study, a new formulation for calculating the active earth pressure on a rough rigid retaining wall rotating about the base is proposed by considering the shape of nonlinear failure surface and arching effects in the backfill. In order to avoid mathematical complexities in the calculation of active earth pressure, the imaginary failure surface composed of four linear surfaces is used instead of the nonlinear failure surface as failure surface of backfills. The comparisons between predictions from the proposed equations and existing model test results show that the proposed equations produce satisfactory predictions.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.588-594
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• 2008

Lookism is spread largely because many people think beautiful people are treated better and receive more favors. This trend has been influenced by mass media and impacted by commercial marketing strategy. The expectation for the beauty have risen higher than ever. People expect beautiful body and beautiful face which are more difficult to meet the standard of beauty. People desire tall and skinny body. The purpuse of this study was to find out body image from college females in the age which they are very sensitive to appearance. This research focused to find out how they perceived their own body shape and their perception of the most ideal body shape. Measuring tool for the research was 9 pictures of body silhouette from very skinny to very fat. To analyse the respondents' objective body image, Body Mass Index were employed. The result of this research indicated that there were distinct differences between their subjective body images and ideal body images. This result indicated that they were not satisfied with their own body shape and hence they were not confident towards their body images. Even though their objective bodies were normal or under weight, they still felt they were over weight. This meant their body images were misrepresented. They preferred thinner bodies even though their bodies were perfectly normal and healthy. But these misrepresented body images could be unhealthy physically, psychologically, or socially. These results showed that college females were overly obsessive with superficial appearance rather than improving ones capability to be more competitive in the society. From this research, I tried to find out perception of body image and it's distortion which was debated a lot in our society. I also want to provide basic reference material for establishing the body image study.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.121-135
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to analyze the image evaluation and the preference of tailored jacket according to the body type and the degree of satisfaction with their body of middle-aged women. The subjects used for this study were three hundred and twenty three middle-aged women ranging from 35 to 50 years old. We measured their bodies and asked them report to the questionnaire. The results are as follows. 1) Middle-aged women were classified into four typical types of body. The type 1 was tall and thin and had a front view silhouette with the form of a letter X. The type 2 was the tallest and the medium of fatness and had a front view silhouette with the form of a letter H that the lower part of the body is short. The type 3 was the medium of height and width and had a front view silhouette with the form of a letter A that the upper part of the body is short compared with their height. The type 4 were the shortest and the fattest and had a front view silhouette with the form of a letter Y that the lower and upper parts of the body is the longest. 2) Middle-aged women roughly tended not to be satisfied with part of their body. The results showed that a neck was the most satisfied body part and the weight was the least satisfied as well as overall leg shape among all 13 body parts. 3) The type 1 had the highest the degree of satisfaction on their face size, upper arm girth, waist, hip girth, weight and body shape, etc., excepting hip shape among 4 body types.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.267-273
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• 2021

Mibyeong (sub-health) is a concept that represents the sub-health in traditional East Asian medicine. Assuming that the nose sizes and shapes are related to respiratory function, in this study, we hypothesized that the nose size and shape features are related to the self-rated health (SRH) level and self-rated Mibyeong severity, and aimed to assess this relationship using a fully automated image analysis system. The nose size features were evaluated from the frontal and profile face images of 810 participants. The nose size features consisted of five length features, one area feature, and one volume feature. The level of SRH and the Mibyeong severity were determined using a questionnaire. The normalized nasal height was negatively associated with the self-rated health score (SRHS) (partial ρ = -0.125, p = 3.53E-04) and the Mibyeong score (MBS) (partial ρ = -.172, p = 9.38E-07), even after adjustment for sex, age, and body mass index. The normalized nasal volume (ρ = -.105, p = 0.003), the normalized nasal tip protrusion length (ρ = -.087, p = 0.014), and the normalized nares width (ρ = -.086, p = .015) showed significant correlation with the SRHS. The normalized nasal area (ρ = -.118, p = 0.001), the normalized nasal volume (ρ = -.107, p = .002) showed significant correlation with the MBS. The wider, longer, and larger the nose, the lower the SRHS and MBS, indicating that health status can be estimated based on the size and shape features of the nose.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.2C
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• pp.184-191
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• 2008

Oriental base diagnosis method is not going to hospital different from Oriental medicine and because of the possible disease diagnosis through the network and many communication equipment. Especially diagnosis development using ocular inspection method aspect of Oriental medicine among an aging society advance into cut the medical cost for contribution. Ocular inspection method the most important look at disease color that is Observing a Person's Shape and Color which is implementation the development of methodology and important the build of application ability system. So in this paper study observing a person's shape and color implementation of ocular inspection. Specially body's the five viscera presentate the five colors disease color in face that is important the color coordinate system thesis so that proceed the experiment for the color coordinate system analysis. Finally five color extract need the observing a person's shape and color through experiment select the digital color system and so real skin color analysis and comparison about the experiment which suggest the something to color coordinate system the best case of digital color system for observing a person's shape and color implementation.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.121-131
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• 2006

Background : As each human has a look in the face of oneself, he or she has a look of him or herself in the shape of the body also. And for the shape of the body which gives a big clue in diagnosis in musculoskeletal disorders. Therefor many means are used and developed for diagnosis through body shape or posture analysis for musculoskeletal disorders. X-ray, CT, MRI has been used for diagnosis through image in this way to tell about the inside of the human body. On the other side, moire topography was used for information about the exterior of the human body, but yet only minimal information such as the number of contour lines in each side was available. Therefor there were a few studies to use moire topography or other methods to get information about the surface of the human body in numeric values. The instrument used in this study which is a laser projection moire, is another trial to get numeric data about the surface of the human body. The instrument is composed of laser projector and a computer software to recompose and analyse the image data into depth, height, angle and length. Objectives : The study was focused on whether the instrument is reliable for clinic use, and to seek the proper environment and posture for the examination, and among the data the software provides, which items are more reliable and useful. Methods : For reproductivity and repeatability, 4 testers tested 2 persons. And to how if the body shape changes according to the posture and which posture gives the most reliable data, the test was performed in 6 different positions. Results : Result, the instrument showed sufficient repeatability and reproductivity for clinical use. And among the items the software provides, the length of the back, the angle of the back in the sagittal and coronal plane showed reliable results. And there was difference in the results according to the posture, and Therefor, in following studies using this instrument or similar type of posture analysing instruments, the length of the back, the angle of the back in the sagittal and coronal plane could be reliable item to use.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.173-182
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• 1996

The intent of this paper is to examine the talus in Chon-hwang-san in the southern part of Korean Peninsula, and then analyze its geomorphic feature and origin. The research is summarized as follows; (1) The talus is 220m long and the range of the width from 10 to 75m. The mean gradient is $33^{\circ}$ and the mean block size is $110{\times}59cm$(long axis$\times$short axis). The overall appearance of the talus is tongue-shaped and the geology of the constituent blocks is dacite. (2) This talus has two particular geomorphic landscapes. One is that the talus has not free face as source of blocks back of itself; the free face of the talus has been parallel retreated to disappearance by frost attack. The other is that the upper part of the talus is on the ridge. (3) This talus is classified into rock fall talus type, and the shape of rock fragments is angular. When considered in conjunction with face of being mentioned above, the morphology and lithology of the talus are best explained on the basis of origin under periglacial environment during late pleistocene time. (4) Most constituent rock debris are now lichen-covered, or covered with a mantle of weathering. There is no evidence of appreciable movement and for supplying block. Therefore, the talus appears to be relict or fossil form stage, currently.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.332-345
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• 2019

Maximum dip vector of individual joint plane, which can be uniquely defined on the hemispherical projection plane, has been established by considering its dip and dip direction. A new stereographic projection method for the rock slope analysis which employs the maximum dip vector can intuitively predict the failure modes of rock slope. Since the maximum dip vector is uniquely projected on the maximum dip point of the great circle, the sliding direction of discontinuity plane can be recognized directly. By utilizing the maximum dip vector of discontinuity both the plane sliding and toppling directions of corresponding blocks can be discerned intuitively. Especially, by allocating the area of high dip maximum dip vector which can form the flanks of sliding block the potentiality for the formation of virtual sliding block has been estimated. Also, the potentiality of forming the triangular-sectioned sliding block has been determined by considering the dip angle of joint plane the dip direction of which is nearly opposite to that of the slope face. Safety factors of the different-shaped blocks of triangular section has been estimated and compared to the safety factor of the most hazardous block of rectangular section. For the wedge analysis the direction of crossline of two intersecting joint planes, which has same attribute of the maximum dip vector, is used so that wedge failures zone can be superimposed on the stereographic projection surface in which plane and toppling failure areas are already lineated. In addition the maximum dip vector zone of wedge top face has been delineated to extract the wedge top face-forming joint planes the orientation of which provides the vital information for the analysis of mechanical behavior of wedge block.

• ALGAE
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.277-282
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• 2004

Prymnesium patelliferum was collected from Hwajinpo, South Korea in November 2002. This is the first record of P. patelliferum in Korea waters. The characteristic shape of P. patelliferum was that of a rice grain. Cells were sub spherical or elongate, and sometimes slightly compressed. The motile cells of P. patelliferum (8-10 ㎛ long, 5-6 ㎛ broad) prossessed two equal or sub equal flagella(10.5-13 ㎛) and a short non-coiling haptonema (3-5 ㎛). The cell was covered by two layers of organic scales, which were important taxonomic characteristics. Internal scales were a narrow inflexed rim on the distal face, a thickening central and radial fibrillar pattern. External scales were very similar to internal scales with relatively tall upright rims. The ridges were in quadrants with 11-12 ridges per quadrant.