• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.701-708
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• 1996

연구 목적: 13명의 기관지 결핵에 의한 주기관지 협착 환자의 치료에 있어서 풍선카테터를 이용한 기도확장요법을 시행하고 그 효과를 알아보았다. 대상 및 방법: 방사선 투시 하에 풍선 카테터를 이용, 기관지 확장술을 받은 사람은 13명 모두 여자였고, 평균 31.1세였다. 협착부위는 좌측 주기관지 9예(69.2%), 우측 주기관지 4예(30.8%)였으며, 활동성 병기의 기관지 결핵은 9예(69.2%), 비활동성 병기는 4예(30.8%)였다. 시술 후 7일, 1-28개월(평균 15.6개월)까지 폐기능 검사로 추적관찰하였고, 효과 판정은 폐기능 검사로 FEV1이나, FVC가 시술 전보다 15%이상 증가된 경우를 효과가 있다고 판정하였다. 또한 13예 모두에서 술후 합병증 여부를 알아보았다. 결과: 1) 시술 후 환자 자신이 귀로 들을 수 있는 천명음이 8예 중 6예에서 호전되었으며(75%), 8예중 5예에서 호흡곤란이 호전되었고(62.5%), 기침 및 객담이 6예중 3 예(50%)에서, 흉부 불쾌감 및 통증이 2예중 1예(50%)에서 호전되었다. 2) 시술 전까지 환자의 호흡기 증상의 발현 기간이 6개월 미만인 7예 중 3 예(42.9%), 1년 미만인 1예 중 1예(100%)에서 효과가 있는 반면, 1년이상인 5예 중 단지 1예(20%)에서만 효과가 있었다. 3) 활동성 병기인 9예 중 4예(44.4%)에서 효과가 있었으나, 비활동성 병기인 4예에서는 단지 1예(25%)에서만 효과가 있었다. 4) 시술 후 7 일째 8예(61.5%)에서 FVC가 35.5%, FEV1이 22.2% 증가하였고, 1개월 이후에는 8 예 중 5 예에서 FEV1이 31.8%, FVC가 54.7% 증가하였으며 3예에서는 악화되었다. 5예 중 12개월 이상(평균 19.8개월) 추적 가능했던 4 예에서 FEV1이 10.1%, FVC가 30.5% 증가되었다. 5) 시술 후 13예 중 4예(30.8%)에서 일시적 백혈구 증가, 혹은 발열이 있었고, 4예(30.8%)에서 카테터 제거시 혈당이 묻어 나왔으나 지속적인 혈담은 없었고, 중증 합병증은 관찰되지 않았다. 결론: 풍선 카테터를 이용한 기도확장요법은 이미 섬유성 협착이 발생한 비활동성 기관지 결핵보다도 활동성 병기에서, 그리고 호흡기 증상이 오래되지 않은 경우에 더 효과적이었고, 단기 뿐 아니라 장기 추적 검사에서도 효과가 유지되었다. 또한 시술 방법이 비교적 쉽고 중증 합병증 없이 비교적 안전하게 반복적으로 시술할 수 있으므로 결핵성 기관지 협착을 조기에 진단하고 약물 치료로 호전이 없는 경우에 일차적으로 기도확장요법을 시행함으로서 기도 협착을 최소화할 수 있으리라 사료된다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.245-252
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• 2010

Korea does not have a certain criteria on the respiratory ability and phonation of the normal aged, and also has no clear standard to examine the boundaries of geriatric diseases. This study analyzed the characteristics in respiration and phonation of the aged in normal healthy elderly from diverse angles with different variables. Thirty-three participants in total, seven males and eight females in the age group 55-64 participated in the study. Seven males and eleven females in the age group 65-74 were selected for the respiration and phonation experiments, and 10 different variables such as FVC, $FEV_1$, $FEV_1$/FVC, MPT, MFR, Psub, f0, jitter, shimmer and NHR were comparatively analyzed for each group of different age and gender. To see the difference in respiration and phonation by age and gender, the study conducted a two-way ANOVA. First, from the result of the analysis on respiratory ability, FVC of male appeared to be significantly greater than female. In both age groups of 55-64 and 65-74, male displayed greater FVC than female did. Second, as for $FEV_1$, $FEV_1$/FVC, the age group of 55-64 showed greater values than the values measured in the age group of 65-74. Third, MFR showed a significant difference by gender. In both age groups, male showed significantly higher MFR than female. Fourth, for different gender, a significant difference in MFR was observed. In both age groups of 55-64 and 65-74, male exhibited higher MFR than female. This study has a clinical implication in that it analyzed the criteria on respiration and phonation in normal healthy elderly according to gender and age. The normal aged showed a difference in their respiratory and phonatory functions by age and gender, it was closely related to the decline of pulmonary function due to the physical aging and the weak respiration coming from weakness of respiratory muscles. Also, the physical differences in height, weight, and the muscles in laryngeal and respiratory system between males and females had an influence on the performance. These results from this study might be a helpful guideline for the clinical criterion in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.96-99
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a chair backrest on respiratory function after prolonged sitting. Methods: Twenty-four young healthy subjects (12 males and 12 females) volunteered to participate in this study, and were equally allocated to a backrest (n=12) or a without backrest group (n=12). A spirometer was used to measure the respiratory functions of all subjects. Results: The chair with backrest group were significant difference in forced vital capacity (FVC), Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow (PEF) after sitting for 1 hour, compared with chair without backrest group (p<0.05). The chair with backrest group showed a significantly decreased in FVC, FEV1, and PEF. Conclusion: Using a chair without a backrest may help to reduce lung function deterioration as compared with a chair with a backrest.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.34-43
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of underwater treadmill gait training (UTGT) and overground treadmill gait training (OTGT) on the gait, balance ability and pulmonary function of stroke patients. Twenty subjects were recruited for this study. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups: UTGT ($n_1$=10) and OTGT ($n_2$=10). The 10 m walk test (10 MWT), Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, center of pressure, pulmonary function of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume after 1 sec (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC were measured before and after 4 weeks of training. Both groups undertook the gait training for 30 min a day, 3 times a week, for 4 weeks, and rating of perceived exertion of the groups were measured and compared. All the studied variables were significantly improved in both groups (p<.05) at the end of the study, except in the FEV1 of OTGT (p>.05). There was significant between-group difference in all of the variables, except in the 10 MWT (p>.05). These findings suggest that UTGT is more effective than OTGT in improving the balance and pulmonary functions of stroke patients.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.43-57
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• 1995

In order to study the effect of welding fume exposure upon the pulmonary function test, we examined 131 shielded arc welding workers, and 152 $CO_2$ arc welding workers as cases and 177 control workers for their general characteristics, and forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second $(FEV_{1.0})$, forced expiratory volume in one second as a percent of FVC $(FEV_{1.0}%)$, and maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMF) were obtained from the spirogram. In shielded arc welding group and $CO_2$ arc welding group, FVC, $FEV_{1.0},\;FEV_{1.0}%$, and MMF were significantly decreased than control group, especially marked in the MMF finding. The distribution of workers below normal range was as follows. in the shielded arc welding group, 2 workers(1.5%) for FVC, 17 workers(13.0%) for $FEV_{1.0}$, 5 workers(3.8%) for $FEV_{1.0}%$, 28 workers(21.4%) for MMF, and in the $CO_2$ arc welding group, 3 workers(2.0%) for FVC, 25 workers(16.4%) for $FEV_{1.0}$, 8 workers(5.3%) for $FEV_{1.0}%$, and 37 workers(24.3%) for MMF, and significant increase by exposure duration was found in MMF. The distribution of workers who had ventilation impairment was as follows: 5 workers(3.8%) for obstructive type, 2 workers(1.5%) for restrictive type in the shielded arc welding group, and 7 workers(4.6%) for obstructive type, 2 workers(1.3%) for restrictive type, and 1 worker(0.6%) was combined type of the $CO_2$ arc welding group. In the respect of these results, the significant pulmonary function and ventilatory impairment were observed in welding fume exposed workers who had not abnormal finding in chest X-ray, and MMF considered as the most sensitive pulmonary function index by welding fume exposure. Therefore even if it is hard to doing pulmonary function test in the first health examination of workers according to the Industrial Safety Health Act in the welding fume exposure workers, it is desirable to consider doing PFT. Also evaluating the ventilation impairment, it is necessary, to observe the change of MMF that marker of effort-independent portion.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.347-357
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• 2001

It is well known that there is an adverse effect of long-term cigarette smoking on pulmonary function. Therefor we attempted to consider the vital capacity for position changes in a smokers and non-smokers. The pulmonary functions on sitting and supine positions were measured in 28 young healthy students fer the change of vital capacity. Forced expiratory flow-volume curve were performed sitting position and supine position and smoking. The results were summarized as follows; 1) The spirometric values(VC, FVC, FEV$_{1}$) were progressively decreased from sitting position to 30minutes after supine position in a non-smoking group(p<.05). 2) The VC, FVC. FEV$_{1}$, FEF25 ${\sim}$ 75% were decreased from sitting position to 30minutes after supine position in a smoking group(p< .01). The PEF and FEF25% were decreased from supine position to after smoking(p< .05). 3) non-smoking group and smoking group not showed significant change(p> .05). But the spirometric values were more decreased nonsmokers than smokers.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.371-375
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• 1995

Surgical resection of lung cancer or other disease is recently required in patients with severely impaired lung function resulting from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or disease extension. So prediction of pulmonary function after lung resection is very important in thoracic surgeon. We studied the accuracy of the prediction of postoperative pulmonary function using perfusion lung scan with 99m technetium macroaggregated albumin in 22 patients who received the pneumonectomy. The linear regression line derived from correlation between predicting[X and postoperative measured[Y values of FEV1 and FVC in patients are as follows: 1 Y[ml =0.713X + 381 in FEV1 [r=0.719 ,[P<0.01 2 Y[ml =0.645X + 556 in FVC [r=0.675 ,[P<0.01 In conclusion,the perfusion lung scan is noninvasive and very accurate for predicting postpneumonectomy pulmonary function.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.364-374
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• 1980

Twenty-two patients were selected for evaluation of pre-and postoperative pulmonary function. These patients were performed open cardiac surgery with the extracorporeal circulation from March 1979 to July 1980 at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyungbook National University Hospital. Patients were classified with ventricular septal defect 5 cases, atrial septal defect 5 cases, tetralogy of Fallot 5 cases, mitral stenosis 4 cases, rupture of aneurysm of sinus Valsalva 1 case, left atrial myxoma I case, and aortic insufficiency 1 case. The pulmonary function tests were performed and listed: [1] respiratory rate, tidal volume [TV], and minute volume[MV], [2] forced vital capacity [FVC] and forced expiratory volume[FEV 0.5 & FEV 1.0], [3] forced expiratory flow [FEF 200-1200 ml & FEF 25-75%]. [4] Maximal voluntary ventilation [MVV], [5] residual volume [RV] and functional residual capacity[FRC], measured by a helium dilution technique. Respiratory rate increased during the early postoperative days and tidal volume decreased significantly. These values returned to the preoperative levels after postoperative 5-6 days. Minute volume decreased slightly, but essentially unchanged. Preoperative mean values of the forced vital capacity, functional residual capacity and total lung capacity decreased [63.2%, 87.2% & 77.3% predicted, respectively], and early postoperatively these values decreased further [19.6%, 76.0% & 38.0% predicted], but later progressively increased to the preoperative levels. In residual volume, there was no decline in the preoperative mean values [100.9% predicted] and postoperatively the value rather increased [106.3-161.7% predicted]. Forced expiratory volume [FEV 0.5 & FEV 1.0] and forced expiratory flow [FEF 200-1200 ml & FEF 25-75%] also revealed significant declines in the early postoperative period. There was no significant difference in values of the spirometric pulmonary function tests, such as FEF 1.O and FEF 25-75% between successful weaning group [17 cases] extubated within 24 hrs post-operatively and unsuccessful weaning group [5 cases] extubated beyond 24 hrs. Static compliance and airway resistance measured for the two cases during assisted ventilation, however, any information was not obtained. Long term follow-up pulmonary function studies were carried out for 8 cases in 9 months post-operatively. All of the results returned to the pre-operative or to normal predicted levels except FVC, FEV 1.0, and FEF 25-75% those showed minimal declines compared to the pre-operative figures.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to demonstrate reduction in stroke symptoms by analyzing the changes in respiratory function and activities of daily living (ADL) after respiratory muscle strengthening exercise in patients who had a stroke and thereby, propose an efficient exercise method. Methods: Twenty patients with hemiplegic stroke were divided into two groups, with 10 patients in each. The control group (CG) received the traditional exercise therapy, and the experimental group (EG) received the traditional exercise therapy combined with expiratory muscle strengthening training. The training continued for 6 weeks, 5 days a week. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1) were measured with a spirometer, $SpO_2$ was measured with a pulse oximeter, and ADL were assessed by using the modified Barthel index (MBI). A paired t test was applied to compare the differences before and after the intervention, and an independent t test was used to compare the differences between the groups. The level of statistical significance was set as ${\alpha}=0.05$. Results: The changes in the FVC and FEV1 values within the group showed significant differences only in the EG (p<0.01). The between-group difference was statistically significant only for FVC and FEV1 in the EG (p<0.01). The changes in $SpO_2$ and MBI within the group showed significant differences only in the EG and CG (p<0.01). Between-group differences were statistically significant only for $SpO_2$ and MBI in the EG (p<0.05). Conclusion: The interventions with active patient involvement and combined breathing exercises had a positive impact on all the functions investigated in this study.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.26-35
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• 2024

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore how using inspiratory training affects the respiratory function and balance of stroke patients. We also plan to compare the results with a control group that does not receive the intervention. Design: A Randomized Controlled Trial Methods: In this study, 27 chronic stroke patients were randomly assigned to either a control group (n=14) or an experimental group (n=13). Both groups underwent six weeks of common interventions involving standard physiotherapy and treadmill training. Additionally, the experimental group received inspiratory training. Respiratory function and balance were evaluated using Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), Maximal Inspiratory Pressure (MIP), Maximal Expiratory Pressure (MEP), Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF), Five times Sit-to-Stand (FTSTS), Seated Center of Pressure (S-COP), and Timed Up and Go (TUG) tests. Results: Respiratory function and balance were compared within each group before and after intervention. The experimental group, which received inspiratory training, showed significant improvements in FVC (0.26±0.18), FEV1 (0.35±0.32), MIP (11.54±12.39), PEF (1.12±1.52), and TUG (-3.39±2.45) compared to pre-intervention values (p<0.05). When comparing changes between groups post-intervention, the experimental group demonstrated significant increases in FVC, FEV1, MIP, PEF, and TUG compared to the control group (p<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in MEP, FTSTS, and S-COP. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate a positive effect of inspiratory training on chronic stroke patients. These findings suggest that with further research involving a larger sample size and enhanced intervention methods, inspiratory training could be employed positively in the rehabilitation of stroke patients.