• Progress in Superconductivity
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.13-16
• /
• 2001

We have measured the reflectivity of superconducting infinite-layer compounds $Sr_{0.9}$ $Ln_{0.1}$ Cu $O_2$ (Ln=La, Gd, Sm) with $T_{c}$ : 39 K using a Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer. We have identified the optical phonon modes from their infrared reflectivity and conductivity spectra and have proposed possible displacement patterns. The La- and the Gd-doped compounds exhibited only four ($2A_{2u}$ $+2E_{u}$) out of the five ($2A_{2u}$ $3E_{u}$) infrared-active phonons predicted by a group theoretical analysis whereas the Sm-doped compound exhibited all five modes. For the La-doped sample, we investigated the temperature dependence of the optical response functions in a wide temperature range of 7 - 300 K. In FIR region, the reflectivity is apparently enhanced below ~120 $cm^{-1}$ as temperature decreases across $T_{c}$. The value of $2$\Delta$/k_{B}$ $T_{c}$ is about 4.5, which is consistent with maximum gap value of d-wave $high- T_{c}$ cuprates.> c/ cuprates.uprates.s.

• 폴리머
• /
• 제34권6호
• /
• pp.495-500
• /
• 2010

4,4'-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride(6FDA)와 bis[4-(3-amino phenoxy)phenyl] sulfone(BAPS)의 조성에 cis-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride(CDBA)를 다양한 몰%로 사용하여 사슬 말단에 가교 반응이 된 폴리이미드(PI)를 얻었다. Grubbs 촉매 0.1 wt%를 사용하여 가교된 폴리아믹산(poly(amic acid), PAA)을 합성한 후에 PAA를 다양한 온도에서 열처리를 통해 가교된 PI 필름을 합성하였다. 제조된 필름의 열적-기계적 성질은 퓨리에 변환 적외선 분광기(FTIR), 시차주사 열량계(DSC), 열중량 분석기(TGA), 열기계 분석기(TMA), 만능인장 시험기(UTM) 등을 사용하여 측정하였고, 색차계(spectrophotometer)와 자외선-가시광선 흡광도기(UV-Vis. spectrometer)를 이용하여 광학적 특성을 확인하였다. CDBA의 몰%가 증가함에 따라 열적 기계적 성질은 증가하였지만 광학적 투명도는 이와는 반대로 감소하였다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.324-325
• /
• 2014

Quantum wells infrared photodetectors (QWIPs) have been used to detect infrared radiations through the principle based on the localized stated in quantum wells (QWs) [1]. The mature III-V compound semiconductor technology used to fabricate these devices results in much lower costs, larger array sizes, higher pixel operability, and better uniformity than those achievable with competing technologies such as HgCdTe. Especially, GaAs/AlGaAs QWIPs have been extensively used for large focal plane arrays (FPAs) of infrared imaging system. However, the research efforts for increasing sensitivity and operating temperature of the QWIPs still have pursued. The modification of heterostructures [2] and the various fabrications for preventing polarization selection rule [3] were suggested. In order to enhance optical performances of the QWIPs, double barrier quantum well (DBQW) structures will be introduced as the absorption layers for the suggested QWIPs. The DBWQ structure is an adequate solution for photodetectors working in the mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) region and broadens the responsivity spectrum [4]. In this study, InGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs double barrier quantum well infrared photodetectors (DB-QWIPs) are successfully fabricated and characterized. The heterostructures of the InGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs DB-QWIPs are grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) system. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy is used to examine the heterostructures of the InGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs DB-QWIP. The mesa-type DB-QWIPs (Area : $2mm{\times}2mm$) are fabricated by conventional optical lithography and wet etching process and Ni/Ge/Au ohmic contacts were evaporated onto the top and bottom layers. The dark current are measured at different temperatures and the temperature and applied bias dependence of the intersubband photocurrents are studied by using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) system equipped with cryostat. The photovoltaic behavior of the DB-QWIPs can be observed up to 120 K due to the generated built-in electric field caused from the asymmetric heterostructures of the DB-QWIPs. The fabricated DB-QWIPs exhibit spectral photoresponses at wavelengths range from 3 to $7{\mu}m$. Grating structure formed on the window surface of the DB-QWIP will induce the enhancement of optical responses.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.690-696
• /
• 2010

Abatement of perfluorocompounds (PFCs) used in semiconductor and display industries has received an attention due to the increasingly stricter regulation on their emission. In order to meet this circumstance, we have developed a radio frequency (RF) driven plasma reactor with multiple annular shaped electrodes, characterized by an easy installment between a processing chamber and a vacuum pump. Abatement experiment has been performed with respect to $CF_4$, a representative PFCs widely used in the plasma etching process, by varying the power, $CF_4$ and $O_2$ flow rates, $CF_4$ concentration, and pressure. The influence of these variables on the $CF_4$ abatement was analyzed and discussed in terms of the destruction & removal efficiency (DRE), measured with a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer. The results revealed that DRE was enhanced with the increase in the discharge power and pressure, but dropped with the $CF_4$ flow rate and concentration. The addition of small quantity of $O_2$ lead to the improvement of DRE, which, however, leveled off and then decreased with $O_2$ flow rate.

• 한국광물학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.20-31
• /
• 1998

Adsorption of metal elements onto illite and halloysite was investigated at $25^{\circ}C$ using pollutant water collected from the gold-bearing metal mine. Incipient solution of pH 3.19 was reacted with clay minerals as a function of time: 10 minute, 30 minute, 1 hour, 12 hour, 24 hour, 1 day, 2 day, 1 week, and 2 week. Twenty-seven cations and six anions from solutions were analyzed by AAs (atomic absorption spectrometer), ICP(induced-coupled plasma), and IC (ion chromatography). Speciation and saturation index of solutions were calculated by WATEQ4F and MINTEQA2 codes, indicating that most of metal ions exist as free ions and that there is little difference in chemical species and relative abundances between initial solution and reacted solutions. The adsorption results showed that the adsorption extent of elements varies depending on mineral types and reaction time. As for illite, adsorption after 1 hour-reaction occurs in the order of As>Pb>Ge>Li>Co, Pb, Cr, Ba>Cs for trace elements and Fe>K>Na>Mn>Al>Ca>Si for major elements, respectively. As for halloysite, adsorption after 1 hour-reaction occurs in the order of Cu>Pb>Li>Ge>Cr>Zn>As>Ba>Ti>Cd>Co for trace elements and Fe>K>Mn>Ca>Al>Na>Si for major elements, respectively. After 2 week-reaction, the adsorption occurs in the order of Cu>As>Zn>Li>Ge>Co>Ti>Ba>Ni>Pb>Cr>Cd>Se for trace elements and Fe>K>Mn>Al, Mg>Ca>Na, Si for major elements, respectively. No significant adsorption as well as selectivity was found for anions. Although halloysite has a 1:1 layer structure, its capacity of adsorption is greater than that of illite with 2:1 structure, probably due to its peculiar mineralogical characteristics. According to FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) results, there was no shift in the OH-stretching bond for illite, but the ν1 bond at 3695 cm-1 for halloysite was found to be stronger. In the viewpoint of adsorption, illite is characterized by an inner-sphere complex, whereas halloysite by an outer-sphere complex, respectively. Initial ion activity and dissociation constant of metal elements are regarded as the main factors that control the adsorption behaviors in a natural system containing multicomponents at the acidic condition.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.427-437
• /
• 2019

Waste materials are being produced in huge quantities globally, and the usual practice is to dump them into legal or illegal landfills. Recycled tiles (RT) are being used in soil stabilisation which is considered as sustainable solution to reduce the amount of waste and solve the geotechnical problems. Although the stabilisation of soil using RT improved the soil properties, it could not achieve the standard values required for construction. Thus, this study uses 20% RT together with low cement content (2%) to stabilise soft soil. Series of consolidated undrained triaxial compression tests were conducted on untreated and RT-cement treated samples. Each test was performed at 7, 14, and 28 days curing period and 50, 100, and 200 kPa confining pressures. The results revealed an improvement in the undrained shear strength parameters (cohesion and internal frication angle) of treated specimens compared to the untreated ones. The cohesion and friction angle of the treated samples were increased with the increase in curing time and confining pressure. The peak deviator stress of treated samples increases with the increment of either the effective confining pressures or the curing period. Microstructural and chemical tests were performed on both untreated and RT-cement treated samples, which included field emission scanning electron microscopic (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX). The results indicated the formation of cementation compounds such as calcium aluminium hydrate (C-A-H) within the treated samples. Consequently, the newly formed compounds were responsible for the improvement observed in the results of the triaxial tests. This research promotes the utilisation of RT to reduce the amount of cement used in soil stabilisation for cleaner planet and sustainable environment.

• Advances in nano research
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.49-57
• /
• 2023

As composite materials are used in many applications, the modern world looks forward to significant progress. An overview of the application of composite fiber materials in sports equipment is provided in this article, focusing primarily on the advantages of these materials when applied to sports equipment, as well as an Analysis of the influence of sports equipment of fiber-reinforced composite material on social sports development. The present study investigated surface morphology and physical and mechanical properties of S-glass fiber epoxy composites containing Al₂O₃ nanofillers (for example, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%). A mechanical stirrer and ultrasonication combined the Al₂O₃ nanofiller with the matrix in varying amounts. A compression molding method was used to produce sheet composites. A first physical observation is well done, which confirms that nanoparticles are deposited on the fiber, and adhesive bonds are formed. Al₂O₃ nanofiller crystalline structure was investigated by X-ray diffraction, and its surface morphology was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). In the experimental test, nanofiller content was added at a rate of 1, 2, and 3% by weight, which caused a gradual decrease in void fraction by 2.851, 2.533, and 1.724%, respectively, an increase from 2.7%. The atomic bonding mechanism shows molecular bonding between nanoparticles and fibers. At temperatures between 60 ℃ and 380 ℃, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) analysis shows that NPs deposition improves the thermal properties of the fibers and causes negligible weight reduction (percentage). Thermal stability of the composites was therefore presented up to 380 ℃. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) spectrum confirms that nanoparticles have been deposited successfully on the fiber.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.137-148
• /
• 2015

국립기상연구소는 2010년 6월, 하향적외스펙트럼을 관측하는 고분해적외분광간섭계(FT-IR)인 Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI)를 안면도 기후변화감시센터에 설치하였다. AERI는 고분해 적외 센서를 탑재하고 있어 위성 기반의 원격탐사 자료를 검증하는데 유효하다. 본 연구에서는 AERI로부터 산출되는 메탄의 품질 향상을 위해 맑을 때의 자료를 분류하는 AERI 스펙트럼 기준의 새로운 방법을 개발하였으며, KLAPS 구름 정보를 이용한 방법과 비교하였다. 맑은 날 관측된 AERI 스펙트럼을 기준 스펙트럼으로 선정하였으며, 구름에 민감한 대기 창 영역을 사용하였다. 임계값 선정을 위해 복사량 임계값 테스트를 실시하였으며, 선정된 임계값을 이용한 AERI 스펙트럼 기준의 방법과 KLAPS 구름 정보를 이용한 방법을 각각 이용하여 최하층 메탄 농도를 산출하였다. 각각 산출된 메탄농도와 지상관측 메탄농도를 비교하였으며, KLAPS 구름 정보를 이용하여 산출된 메탄농도보다 AERI 스펙트럼 기준의 방법으로 산출된 메탄농도의 품질이 더 좋은 것을 확인하였다. 뿐만 아니라 GOSAT 연직 메탄 총량과의 비교에서도 좋은 결과를 보여주었다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
• /
• 제31권5호
• /
• pp.409-419
• /
• 2015

국립기상과학원은 2010년 6월부터, 하향적외스펙트럼을 관측하는 고분해적외분광간섭계(FT-IR)인 Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer(AERI)를 안면도 기후변화감시센터에 설치하여 운영하고 있다. 고분해 적외 센서를 이용한 AERI는 위성 기반의 원격탐사 자료를 검증하는데 유효하다. 본 연구에서는 계절별 AERI 기준 스펙트럼을 선정 및 적용(Seasonal-Cloud data Filtering Method, S-CFM)하여 구름에 영향을 받은 관측 스펙트럼 자료 제거방법을 개선하였다. S-CFM을 적용하여 산출된 최하층 메탄농도는 한 개의 기준 스펙트럼을 사용(Cloud data Filtering Method, CFM)하여 산출된 최하층 메탄농도 및 지상관측 메탄농도와 비교하였으며, AERI 연직 메탄 총량을 산출하여 GOSAT 메탄 연직 총량을 통해 검증 및 분석하였다. S-CFM 방법을 적용하여 산출된 최하층 메탄농도는 CFM의 최하층 메탄농도보다 더 정확도가 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 지상관측 메탄농도의 연간 변화 패턴과 비슷한 결과를 보였다. 또한 GOSAT과 AERI의 연직 메탄 총량 비교에서도 비슷한 농도 분포를 보였으며, 매년 증가하는 패턴을 보였다. 뿐만 아니라 S-CFM을 적용함으로써 비교 가능한 자료의 개수가 증가하였다. 다만 여름철 AERI 스펙트럼을 통해 산출된 최하층 메탄농도 및 연직 총량 농도가 상당히 과대추정 되는 모습을 보이고 있기 때문에 기술적 보완이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.

• 보존과학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.193-214
• /
• 2015

19~20세기 83점의 무신도 등의 녹색 안료를 형광X선분광기, 주사전자현미경, 적외선분광광도계를 이용하여 분석하였다. 형광X선분광기에 의한 성분 분석 결과 60점에서 구리와 비소가 검출되었다. 복개당 무신도와 삼국지연의도의 구리와 비소 강도 비 Cu $K{\alpha}$/As $K{\beta}$는 5.93~12.04로 표준 에메랄드 그린 5.67~6.26, 나머지 무신도 4.01~7.89에 비해 높아 셸레즈 그린으로 추정되었다. 형광X선분광기 분석에서 구리와 비소가 검출된 녹색 안료에서는 다양한 형태의 결정이 관찰되었다. 대부분의 무신도에서는 판상의 결정이 성장한 타원형이나 원형 구정이 관찰되었지만, 복개당 무신도와 삼국지연의도에서는 판상의 결정이 빽빽하게 채워진 원형 구정만이 존재하였다. 적외선분광광도계로 구리-비소 녹색 안료를 분석한 결과, 복개당 무신도와 삼국지연의도는 셸레즈 그린이 동정되었고, 나머지 무신도에서는 에메랄드 그린이 동정되었다. 분석 결과로부터 복개당 무신도 및 삼국지연의도에는 녹색 안료로 셸레즈 그린이 사용되었고 제작 연대는 1850년대~1870년대로 추정되며, 에메랄드 그린은 19세기 후기 이후부터 1970년까지 제작된 무신도에서 녹색 안료로써 광범위하게 사용된 것이 확인되었다.