• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.85 no.2
• /
• pp.149-157
• /
• 1996

The applications of multiple criteria decision making(MCDM) methods were investigated to determine the priority order in forest road construction for timber harvesting and silvicultrual activities in 22 regions. In this paper, MCDM methods have five methods from two kinds of models. The one is non-compensatory preference model including maximin and maximax method; the other is compensatory preference model including simple additive weighting method(SAW), hierarchical additive weighting method(HAW) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS), SAW and TOPSIS methods turned out to be the most adequate for forest road construction priority order among the five methods tested in this study.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.104 no.4
• /
• pp.615-621
• /
• 2015

This study was conducted to analyze accessibility and reduction effect of forest operations cost before and after forest road construction based on actual silvicultural operations in 5 regional forest service(8 management planning district) where forest operations was enacted consistently. The result show the accessibility and the reduction effect of the operation cost, the accessibility of forest operation area within 500 m from forest road or public road increased about 3.2 times after the forest road construction. The reduction effect of the operation cost was averagely 576,000 won/km/year. According to the results, forest road had an effect on improvement of accessibility and reduction effect of forest operation cost. This result could be offered basic information to support policy of forest road expansion.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.85 no.3
• /
• pp.513-523
• /
• 1996

This study was a med at predicting running speed related to alignment factors of forest road, and recommending the improvement method of forest road construction using the running speed of vehicles. For these purposes, this study proceeds to select forest roads after reviewing the planning papers and maps, to measure the road alignment factors such as longitudinal gradient, width of roadway, radius of curve, length of curve, superelevation, and conditions of road surface on the subject forest road. It was found that the running speed of vehicle on forest road is mainly influenced by the conditions of road surface, radios of curve, compound gradient, length of curve, longitudinal gradient and so on. The average running speed of cargo truck showed lower value than that of the expected speed of 'Forest Road Construction Regulations and Rules', and the average running speed of loaded truck showed 70-85% of the speed of empty truck. According to the road conditions, the changes of running speed can be expressed mathematically in terms of the increment of radius of curve and longitudinal gradient. The results of the study on the running speed of vehicle subject to the alignment of forest roads make it possible for one to judge the quality of the existing and to be constructed forest roads, to select the structure of forest road to improve the running speed of vehicle on forest road.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.83 no.2
• /
• pp.211-220
• /
• 1994

The critical need of forest road for enchanting the additional values of various forest products, in addition, giving more recreational opportunity to citizen, has been recognized. In this study the present author aimed to ascertain the most effective construction working plan of forest road being tit to Korean geographic condition. To execute this research program, four locations in national forest of Kangweon-do district and other four locations in private forest in Chollabuk-do district both where forest roads have previously been constructed were selected to analyze the effectiveness basing upon the various factors separately or in combination. The results are summarized as follows ; 1. The investment efficiency in forest road construction showed to increase in the area where terrain factors and district social factors rate is high, and to decrease in the area where forest status factors and forest road structure factors rate is high. So in future the Forest Resource Development Model of forest road should take more importance particularly on those area having terrain factor ratio is low. The extractable value of constructed forest road based on forest status factors rate is expected to increase in case of high considerably. 2. To construct of forest road for increasing multiple use of forests, forest road should be construct with priority on area where obtained total score by evaluation factors is high. And these evaluation factors should take possible determine the position of forest road construction. 3. The following five types of forest road basing upon function performance are suggested with regard to the place where road is constructed. (1) Forest Utilization Model ; where forest status factors and forest road structure factors rate are over 60%. (2) Forest Resource Development Model ; where terrain factors, forest status factors, forest road structure factors and district social factors rate are less than 60%. (3) Community Development Model ; where terrain factors, forest road structure factors and district social factors rate are over 60% but forest status factors rate are less than 60%. (4) Recreation and Health Model ; where terrain factors, forest status factors, forest road structure factors and district social factors rate are over 60%. (5) Multiple Use Model ; where both forest status factors and district social factors rate are over 60%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of soil erosion on the fill-slope of forest road by elapsed years after road construction. Thirteen plots were established on the fill-slope of the newly-constructed forest road, and surveyed for two years(1997~1998). In these plots, the data about soil erosion, surface runoff, vegetation coverage, slope structural characteristics and rainfall were collected. In 1997, the major causes for soil erosion were found by the correlation coefficients with the amount of surface runoff from the fill-slope, vegetation coverage, slope length, slope degree, total rainfall and max. 1 hour rainfall. But, in 1998, the major causes for soil erosion were vegetation coverage and slope degree. Using the stepwise multiple regression method, in 1997, the amount of soil erosion from the fill-slope was complexly expressed as a exponential function of statistically significant the amount of surface runoff from the fill-slope, total rainfall, slope degree of fill-slope and vegetation coverage, but, in 1998, simply expressed as a exponential function of vegetation coverage.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.471-479
• /
• 2010

Forest roads of 16,424km have been constructed as infrastructure for efficient management of forest. The demand of forest road have been also increased steadily with SOC conception for forest management and wood production. But, accuracy verification by completion drawing of forest road needed aspects extration of geographic information to sound like forest road construction and completion drawing. However, verification for completion drawing has not ascertained. This study carried out the evaluation for position accuracy about constructed forest road in Chungcheongnam-do for evaluating horizontal position accuracy of completion drawing of forest road. In result, first of distance of completion drawing and real route designed completion drawing longer than the real route as Gongju 83m, Seosan 66m, Nonsan 27m and Dangjin 19m, respectively. Second, RMSE by point-correspondence was 11m~14.7m, buffering analysis appeared difference of 18~24m. Finally, index of shape was the similar completion and real route through 6.5~7.4 and data information of forest road corresponds to be perfect. For such reasons, the existing completion drawings have a problem that it cannot use graphic information for drawing digital map according to the regulation, and there is an urgent need for improvement to solve this problem in the process of design and construction.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of road on bird community by line transect census method from May 2000 to January 2001 in Mt. Geumsan, Namhae-Gun, Kyeongsangnam-do. Canopy layer was more developed in forest area than road area. Understory vegetation of road area was more developed than forest area. Twenty six and twenty three bird species were observed in road and forest area, respectively, White's thrush and ashy minivet were observed just only in forest area, and Siberian blue robin, blue-and-white flycatcher and gold crest were in road area. The birds being to bush nesting and foraging guilds in road area were more than forest area. It is known that the road construction was negatively affected on bird community. However, road construction would be not so negative on bird community according to the results of thie study. It would be needed the maintenance of upper canopy layer and understory vegetation to reduce negative effect of road on bird communities in forest area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.85 no.2
• /
• pp.280-287
• /
• 1996

This study was carried out to investigate the export rate of suspended sediment by different precipitation intensity after forest road construction for torrential streams on three different watersheds with various forest road density(Watershed A : 6.67m/ha, Watershed B : 5.52m/ha, and Watershed C : control) in the Experimental Forest of Kangwon National University. The results were as follows. 1. Closely related to the the amount of rainfall in both 1994 and 1995, the average streanfkiw rate was less than $0.25{\times}10^4m^3/day$ during May and June and $5.0{\times}10^4m^3/day$ during July and August. More than $25{\times}10^4m^3/day$ of streanflow rate was occurred twice in 1994 and seven times in 1995. 2. The amount of suspended sediment in three watersheds was less than standard of drinking water(25mg/l) before road construction with daily rainfall of 74mm, 92mm, and 120mm in 1994, also after road construction with daily rainfall of 21mm and 47mm in 1995. But, under the 192mm of daily rainfall, Watershed C did not show the difference in the amount of suspended sediment, however, Watershed A and B produced 1,525mg/l and 775mg/l, respectively, which is 61 and 31 fold of stabdard of drinking water, and construction to export for 35 hours after rainfall. 3. The maximum amount of suspended sediment was less than the standard of drinking water with light rainfall before and after road construction. Under the 192mm of daily rainfall, the maximum amounts of suspended sediment in Watershed A and B were 13,150mg/l and 2,690mg/l, of 526 and 108 fold of standard of drinking water, respectively, showing obvious water pollution by sedimentation. Results of the study indicated that the forest road construction had great influence on the sedimentation, and getting increased by higher road density and heavier rainfall. Therefore such practices as vegetation covering and soil erosion control facility should be established accompanying with forest road construction to prevent from sedimentation.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.49-56
• /
• 1994

This study was carried out to estimate forest road elongation coefficients for providing the basic information of forest road construction. As the results, road elongation coefficients were calculated 0.33 less than 5% of road gradient, 0.39 between the gradient of 6% and 10%, 0.50 between the gradient of 11% and 15%, 0.58 between the gradient of 16% and 20%, and 0.60 greater than the gradient of 20%.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.108 no.1
• /
• pp.59-66
• /
• 2019

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the synthetic forest road network by calculating the optimal road density and layout of the forest road network in order to construct the systematic road network in the forested area. For this, five comparative routes were additionally planed and compared through evaluation indicators. As a result, the optimum road density of the study site was estimated to be 18.4 m/ha, and the synthetic forest road network was the best in the four indicators such as average skidding distance, standard deviation of skidding distance, development index, and circuity factor. In addition, the synthetic forest road network was comparable to the main road network by about 4 %p in the timber volume available and potential area size for logging, but the construction cost of the road was about 20 %p lower. It showed a synthetic forest road network was better in terms of economy.