• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.2197-2204
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• 2005

The combination of Gas chromatography (GC) for separation and Flame Ionization Detection (FID) for detection and identification of the components of a mixture of compounds is a fast and strongly proved method of analytic chemistry. The objective of this research was to design a combined High-speed miniature screening Gas chromatograph along with a Flame Ionization Detector for quick, quantitative and qualitative analysis of gas components. This combined GC-FID system is suitable to detect the volatile and semi-volatile hydrocarbons present in a gas mixture. The construction made it less expensive, easy to use and movable. The complete gas path was developed. On/off valves, temperature and flow sensors and their interface electronics were used for controlling purpose. A Microcontroller was programmed to measure the temperature and gas flow using the sensors and to control and regulate them using the electronics and valves. A pocket PC with its touch screen served as a user interface for the system. Software was developed for the pocket PC, which makes the communication possible with the Microcontroller. The system parameters can be indicated in the Pocket PC as simple text and also the analysis result can be displayed.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.131-138
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• 1986

A specific and sensitive gas chromatographic (GC) procedure with the flame photometric detector (FPD) was developed for determination of barbiturates such as barbital, allobarbital, secobarbital, phenobarbital and thiopental in plasma. In order to evaluate the performance of the FPD, the results were campared with those of the flame ionization detector (FID). After extraction of barbiturates from plasma, the barbiturates were quantitatively N, N-dimethylthiometyl (MTM)-derivatized with methylthiomethyl chloride in 1, 8-diazabicyclo [5, 4, 0] undec-7-ene catalyst. The data indicate that the FPD is about 4 times more sensitive than the FID for barbiturates, although it is less reproducible. The FPD also produced chromatogram with less back ground for extracted plasma sample. The FPD also produced chromatogram with less background for extracted plasma sample. The minimum detectable amount of MTM-thiopental on 3% OV-225 column was 4, 4fmol and that of other MTM-barbiturate was about 10.0fmol.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.704-708
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• 2015

For the analysis of multiple-reaction intermediates for long-chain dicarboxylic acid biotransformation, simple and reproducible methods of extraction and derivatization were developed on the basis of gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) instead of mass spectrometry. In the derivatization step, change of the ratio of pyridine to MSTFA from 1:3 to 9:1 resulted in higher peak intensity (p = 0.021) and reproducibility (0.6%CV) when analyzing 32 g/l ricinoleic acid (RA). Extraction of RA and ω-hydroxyundec-9-enoic acid with water containing 100 mM Tween 80 showed 90.4-99.9% relative extraction efficiency and 2-7%CV compared with those with hydrophobic ethyl acetate. In conclusion, reduction of the pyridine content and change of the extraction solvent to water with Tween 80 provided compatible derivatization and extraction methods to GC-FID-based analysis of longchain carboxylic acids.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.157-162
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• 1978

Total organic carbon(TOC) can be determined by means of combustion and flame ionization detector. The principle of string method is that a sample acidified to pH2 and transferred into combustion tube by string is oxidized with air. Another combustion tube method is that organic compounds are oxidized in the combustion tube charged with CuO and cobalt asbestos after the acidified sample is injected directly by microsyringe. Carbon dioxide evolved was reduced under specially treated nickel catalyst and hydrogen, the methane produced was detected by flame ionization detector. Linear relationship was found between concentration and the peak height by the string method. The peak area in the case of combustion tube method is in the range of 1-200ppm. The coefficient of variation by string method was 2.3% and that by combustion tube method was 1.8%. The lower detectable limit was about 10mol. Advantages of the latter are simplicity, sensitivity and reproducibility. TOC in contineous stream can also be determined automatically by means of the string method.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.265-275
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• 2000

By using thermal desorption/gas chromatograph/flame ionization detector(TD/GC/FID), this study was carried out to evalute an accuracy and a precision on Benzene(B), Toluene(T), o-Xylene(X) analysis in an industrial hygiene laboratory. Limits of detection of TD/GC/FID on B, T, X were showed 13.75ng/sample or less. For the accuracy of the method by concentration levels, overall bias was showed 7.7% as an absolute value, and the pooled coefficient of variation showed 3.51%. For the precision on repeatability of peak area and retention time between within-run and between-run of analytical system, it is showed the results of within-run gave better than those of between-run. Also the accuracy by sorbents(Tenax TA and Chromosorb 106)was evaluated, and the precision on reproducibility between MDHS72 and this study was compared. It is showed it is possible for TD/GC/FID to evaluate accurately B, T, X concentration levels of less than 1ppm at indoor or outdoor of workplaces in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.319-321
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• 2010

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.180-184
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• 1986

Such carboxyl drugs as mefenamic acid, alclofenac, ketoprofen, cicloxilic acid and tolfenainic acid in rat plasma were determined by the gas chromatography flame photometric detector (GC-FPD). After methylthiomethyl (MTM) esterification with MTM-chloride in 1, 8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene (DBU) catalyst, determination of these drugs by this method was tried and compared with that by the GC-flame ionization detector (FID) method in respect to sensitivity and effect of inteferences. The results showed it was possible to analyze with accuracy by this method because of specificity of the FPD, although these drugs were not separated from interferences in plasma on GC column. The GC-FPD method was more sensitive than GC-FID method and the minimum detectable amount of monocarboxylic drugs on 3%, QF-1 column was about 15fmol/injection.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.249-253
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is the development of the simple and precise sampling and analysis method of methyl isocyanate(MIC) in the work place as their secondary aliphatic amine derivatives by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector. The urea derivatives are quantitatively and simultaneously derived from MIC with secondary aliphatic amines such as dipropylamine(DPA), dibutylamine(DBA), and dipentylamine (DAA) in methylene chloride. The method is based on sampling glass tube in XAD-2 resin which is coated with secondary aliphatic amines. The samples are desorbed by $2m{\ell}$ methylene chloride and analysed using gas chromatography with flame ionization detector(GC/FID). In the results, the detection limit of the overall procedure and reliable quantity are $0.020-0.027{\mu}g$($1.347-1.740{\mu}g/m^3$(0.529-0.684 ppb) based on a 15 L air volume) MIC per sample. The average desorption efficiencies are 97.96 - 101.23 %. The results of versus storage time are high and stable recovery rates.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.80-89
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• 1998

The residual gas in an spark-ignition engine is one of important factors on emissions and performance such as combustion stability. With high residual gas fractions, flame speed and maximum combustion temperature are decreased and these are deeply related with combustion stability especially at idle and NOx emission at relatively high engine load. Therefore, there is a need to characterize the residual gas fraction as a function of the engine operating load. Therefore, there is a need to characterize the residual gas fraction as a function of the engine operating parameters. In the present study, the quantitative measurement technique of residual gas fraction was studied by using Fast Response Flame Ionization Detector(FRFID). The measuring technique and model for estimation of residual gas fraction were reported in this paper. By the assuming that the raw signal from FRFID saturates with the same slope for firing and misfiring cycle, in-cylinder hydrocarbon(HC) concentration can be estimated. Residual gas fraction can be obtained from the in-cylinder HC concentration measured at firing and motoring condition. The developed measurement and calibration procedure were applied to the limited engine operating and design condition such as intake manifold pressure and valve overlap. The results show relevant trends by comparing those from previous studies.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.103-108
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• 1983

Such sulfur-containing drugs as chlorpromazine, sulfonamides and thiazides were determined by gas chromatography with flame photometric detector (FPD) and flame ionization detector (FID). 0.6% QF-1 or 3% SE-30 on Chromosorb WAWDMCS were found suitable for drugs listed above. In the experimental conditions given maximum response the FPD response and the response ratio of FPD increased with the number of sulfur atom per molecule. It was possible to obtain a linear calibration curve from $10^{-9}$ / mole to $2{\times}10^{-8}$ / mole and to analyze variety of sulfur drugs by the calibration curve of one sulfur standard.