• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.312-319
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• 2018

Background: Previous studies have shown that both ginseng root and ginseng berry exhibit antiobesity and antidiabetic effects. However, a direct comparison of the efficacy and mechanisms between the root and the berry after oral administration remains to be illuminated. Methods: In this study, we observed the effects of fermented ginseng root (FGR) and fermented ginseng berry (FGB) on obesity and lipid metabolism in high-fat diet induced obese mice. Results: FGR and FGB significantly inhibited the activity of pancreatic lipase in vitro. Both FGR and FGB significantly suppressed weight gain and excess food intake and improved hypercholesterolemia and fatty liver, while only FGR significantly attenuated hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Both FGR and FGB significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of Ldlr and Acsl1 while FGR also significantly inhibited expression of Cebpa and Dgat2 in liver. FGR significantly decreased the epididymal fat weight of mice while FGB significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of genes Cebpa, Fas, Hsl, Il1b, and Il6 in adipose tissue. Conclusion: Saponin from both FGR and FGB had a beneficial effect on high-fat diet-induced obesity. Compared to FGB, FGR exhibited more potent antihyperglycemic and antiobesity effect. However, only FGB significantly inhibited mRNA expression of inflammatory markers such as interleukins $1{\beta}$ and 6 in adipose tissue.

• 생약학회지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.92-98
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• 2021

Gryllus bimaculatus extract (GbE) have reported that anti-inflammatory activity by suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, the effects of fermented Gryllus bimaculatus extract (FGbE) have not yet been investigated. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and anti-wrinkle effect of the fermented Gryllus bimaculatus extracts using Bacillus subtilis (JB PMB-18) in RAW264.7 cells. Both GbE and FGbE exerted no cytotoxic effects until 1000 ㎍/mL concentration. FGbE decreased NO production and decreased iNOS and COX-2 mRNA levels in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the protein production of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 was effectively reduced compared to the GbE. Inhibitory activities of elastase and collagenase associated with skin wrinkle improvement were measured to be 45% and 69%, respectively, at a concentration of 500 ㎍/mL in FGbE. From these results, FGbE can be used as a health functional food and skin functional cosmetic materials for preventing inflammatory diseases because it has excellent anti-inflammatory and anti-wrinkle effects.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.3675-3681
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• 2011

Fusarium oxysporum, an important pathogen that mainly causes vascular or fusarium wilt disease which leads to economic loss. Disruption of gene encoding a heterotrimeric G-protein-${\beta}$-subunit (FGB1), led to decreased intracellular cAMP levels, reduced pathogenicity, colony morphology, and germination. The plant defense protein, Nicotiana alata defensin (NaD1) displays potent antifungal activity against a variety of agronomically important filamentous fungi. In this paper, we performed a molecular modeling and docking studies to find vital amino acids which can interact with various antifungal compounds using Discovery Studio v2.5 and GRAMMX, respectively. The docking results from FGB1-NaD1 and FGB1-antifungal complexes, revealed the vital amino acids such as His64, Trp65, Ser194, Leu195, Gln237, Phe238, Val324 and Asn326, and suggested that the anidulafungin is a the good antifungal compound.The predicted interaction can greatly assist in understanding structural insights for studying the pathogen and host-component interactions.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2009년 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.55-55
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• 2009

FGB(Flexible Glasswool Backing) Submerged Arc Welding has been one of the main welding processes for one side butt welding in shipbuilding industries, which can efficiently improve the welding productivity by the addition of a supplementary filler metal into the molten weld pool. As recent ships have become larger in size, the application of high tensile and higher grade of steels has been continuously increased. Single pass FGB SA welding process accompanies such a high heat input when welding thick plates that the mechanical properties of weld metal can be dramatically degraded. This study has been performed in order to obtain high toughness and tensile properties of high heat input FGB SA welds, and to evaluate the effect of alloy elements on their mechanical properties. To complete welding 25mm-thick EH36 grade steel plate by single pass, 1.2mm diameter and 1.0mm long cut wires has been distributed in the groove before welding, and three different test coupons have been made using C-1.5%Mn, C-1.8%Mn-0.5%Mo, and C-1.4%Mn-1.7%Ni cut wires to investigate the influence of nickel(Ni) and molybdenum(Mo) on the mechanical properties of welds. Test results showed that the addition of Ni and Mo effectively promotes the formation of Acicular Ferrite(AF), while significantly reducing the amount of Grain Boundary Ferrite(GBF) in weld metal microstructures, which resulted in a beneficial effect on low temperature impact toughness and strength.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 효율적인 냉방시스템의 성능특성을 연구하기 위하여 2단압축을 이용한 이산화탄소 냉방사이클의 성능에 대하여 해석적 연구를 진행하였다. 2단압축을 이용한 플래쉬 중간냉각(flash intercooler)과 플래쉬 가스 바이패스(flash gas bypass) 사이클에 대한 해석적 모델을 개발하였으며 실내온도, 실외온도, 그리고 1단 및 2단 EEV 개도를 변화시켰다. 그 결과 FI와 FGB 사이클의 성능계수는 실외온도를 변화시켰을 경우 각각 28.5%, 22.1% 정도 감소하였으며, 실내온도 변화에 따른 이단압축 사이클의 성능변화는 단단압축 사이클에 비하여 적은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 저단 및 고단 EEV 개도를 변경하였을 경우 성능은 각각 13.5%, 6.9% 그리고 0.9%, 2.6% 정도 증가하는 것으로 나타나 고단 EEV 개도보다 저단의 EEV 개도의 변화가 시스템의 성능에 미치는 영향이 큰 것으로 확인되었다. FI 사이클은 다양한 운전조건에서 시스템의 성능이 가장 높게 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2012

To investigate the influence of multi-probiotic, fermented ginseng byproduct and fermented sulfone on the performance, intestinal microflora and immunity of broiler, a five weeks trial was conducted with 340, 1-d-old $Ross{\times}Ross$ broiler. All broilers were divided into five different groups having 68 birds in each treatment, and they were assigned as control, antibiotic avilamycin (AB), multi-probiotic (MP), fermented sulfone (FS) and fermented ginseng byproduct (FGB). Each artificial or naturally derived probiotic was inoculated 0.1% level with the basal diet, and all diets were provided to birds for five weeks. Weight gain and feed intake were measured weekly basis, and blood, spleen and feces were collectedand used for the physiological properties of broiler chickens. All performances and cholesterol profiles were not significantly differed but numerically lower level of neutral fat and LDL was found in multi-probiotics and FGB treatments respectively. The salmonella spp and E. coli numbers in the ileum were high in control in relation to those of other treatments and were significantly decreased in antibiotics treatments (p<0.05). In addition, Lactobacillus spp. showed significantly higher proliferation in MP as compared to that of others (p<0.05). Fecal ammonia and $CO_2$ gas emission was significantly decreased in MP, FGB and FS, respectively (p<0.05), but significantly increased proliferation of spleen was determined in MP group in comparison of other treatments (p<0.05). Therefore, the results indicates that multi-probiotics would be valuable feed additives to improve the salmonella, E. coli and Lactobacillus proliferation, and manure gas emission of broiler chickens, but further study related to the production of manure gas emission of MP is necessary.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 CO₂ 고정화 탈황석고(CFBG)의 건조온도에 따른 기초 물성 및 슬래그 시멘트의 자극재로 활용 가능성을 검토하였으며, 콘크리트 배합 시험을 통한 성능평가를 진행하였다. CFBG의 주요 성분은 CaO 및 SO₃로 나타났으며 건조온도가 증가함에 따라 CaO 및 SO₃가 증가하였다. 미건조 CFBG는 함수율이 15.7 %로 나타났으며 건조온도 85 ℃는 1.7 %, 105℃ 는 0.03 %로 나타났다. CFBG를 사용한 모르타르는 건조온도 증가에 따라 플로값이 저하하는 경향이었으며 압축강도는 FGB 사용 배합과 동등 수준을 나타냈다. CFBG SC를 사용 콘크리트 실험 결과 슬럼프 및 공기량은 60분 경과 후 모두 목표 범위를 만족하였으며, 압축강도는 일반 3성분계 배합 대비 전반적으로 증가하는 경향이었다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.406-412
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• 2012

기능성이 우수한 마늘을 이용하여 건강 기능성 식품을 개발할 목적으로, 통마늘을 설탕과 시럽에 절인 후 36개월간 실온에서 발효 숙성시킨 마늘 발효액의 발효기간에 따른 항균, 항산화 및 혈전용해능과 폴리페놀 함량 변화를 조사하였다. 마늘 발효액의 총 폴리페놀함량은 발효기간이 경과할수록 증가하여 12~36개월간 발효했을때 870~885 mg/100 mL로서 1~6개월간 발효한 경우에 비하여 유의적으로 높은 함량을 나타내었다(p<0.001). 발효기간에 따른 마늘 발효액의 전자공여능과 SOD 유사활성능은 발효기간이 길수록 증가하여 24~36개월에 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 마늘발효액의 식중독세균에 대한 항균활성은 발효 1개월부터 시험한 4종류의 식중독 세균에 대하여 항균활성을 나타내었으며 특히 S. aureus에 대하여 가장 활성이 컸다. 발효기간에 따른 마늘 발효액의 혈전용해능은 24개월 이상 발효시킨 발효액에서 plasmin보다 2배 이상 높은 혈전용해능을 나타내었다. 마늘발효액은 높은 총 폴리페놀 함량과 더불어 우수한 항균, 항산화 및 혈전용해능을 보였으며 발효기간이 길수록 기능성이 증가하는 경향이었다. 마늘 발효액은 항균작용, 항산화작용 및 혈전용해능 등의 우수한 기능성으로 인하여 세포의 산화적 손상을 방지하는 항산화제로서 이용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.261-263
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• 2009

Methylprednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid which is usually taken intravenously for many neurosurgical diseases which cause edema including brain tumor, and trauma including spinal cord injury. Methylprednisolone reduces swelling and decreases the body's immune response. It is also used to treat many immune and allergic disorders, such as arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, asthma, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. To identify genes expressed during methylprednisolone treatment against neurons of rats (PC12 cells), DNA microarray method was used. We have isolated 2 gene groups (up- or down-regulated genes) which are methylprednisolone differentially expressed in neurons. Lipocalin 3 is the gene most significantly increased among 772 up-regulated genes (more than 2 fold over-expression) and Aristaless 3 is the gene most dramatically decreased among 959 down-regulated genes (more than 2 fold down-expression). The gene increased expression of Fgb, Thbd, Cfi, F3, Kngl, Serpinel, C3, Tnfrsf4 and Il8rb are involved stress-response gene, and Nfkbia, Casp7, Pik3rl, I11b, Unc5a, Tgfb2, Kitl and Fgf15 are strongly associated with development. Cell cycle associated genes (Mcm6, Ccnb2, Plk1, Ccnd1, E2f1, Cdc2a, Tgfa, Dusp6, Id3) and cell proliferation associated genes (Ccl2, Tnfsf13, Csf2, Kit, Pim1, Nr3c1, Chrm4, Fosl1, Spp1) are down-regulated more than 2 times by methylprednisolone treatment. Among the genes described above, 4 up-regulated genes are confirmed those expression by RT-PCR. We found that methylprednisolone is related to expression of many genes associated with stress response, development, cell cycle, and cell proliferation by DNA microarray analysis. However, We think further experimental molecular studies will be needed to figure out the exact biological function of various genes described above and the physiological change of neuronal cells by methylprednisolone. The resulting data will give the one of the good clues for understanding of methylprednisolone under molecular level in the neurons.