• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.500-504
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• 2005

Water samples were collected at 7 sites located along the River Nakdong on 30 occasions. Water qualities, size and fractal dimension ($d_F$) of suspended particles were measured. Laser light scattering method was used to obtain the size and $d_F$ of suspended particles. The average size of particles in this river ranged from $89{\mu}m$ and $169{\mu}m$, which appears to be relatively coarse compared with other rivers worldwide. The average $d_F$ of suspended particles in this study ranged from 1.8 to 1.9. The correlation analysis showed that DO, TN, $NO_3$ and chlorophyll-${\alpha}$ had significant positive relationships with particles size, whereas flow rates and TSS had negative relationships. Interestingly, the factors of which had positive relationships with particles size showed negative relationship with the fractal dimension ($d_F$) of suspended particles. Generally, as the size of particles increased, the fractal dimension of particles decreased which was indicating the shape of the larger particles became more irregular.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.4247-4252
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• 2011

The porphyrin-incorporated arylether dendrimers ZnP-D1 and ZnP-D4 were investigated to discover the influence of dendritic environments for the axial ligation of pyridine and photoinduced electron transfer by methyl viologen. Absorption and fluorescence spectra of ZnP, ZnP-D1, and ZnP-D4 were measured in dichloromethane with the addition of pyridine or methyl viologen dichloride. Axial ligation of pyridine was confirmed by red-shifted absorption spectrum. The complex formation constants $K_f$ (Table 1) for axial coordination of pyridine on ZnP, ZnP-D1, and ZnP-D4 were estimated to be $4.4{\times}10^3\;M^{-1}$, $3.3{\times}10^3\;M^{-1}$, and $1.7{\times}10^3\;M^{-1}$, respectively. The photoinduced electron transfer to methyl viologen dichloride was confirmed by fluorescence quenching. Stern-Volmer constants Ksv for ZnP, ZnP-D1, and ZnP-D4 were calculated to be $2.6{\times}10^3$, $2.5{\times}10^3$, and $2.1{\times}10^3$, respectively. ZnP-D4 surrounded by 4 aryl ether dendrons shows the smallest $K_f$ and Ksv values, with comparison to ZnP and ZnP-D1.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 1998년도 제14회 학술발표회 논문개요집
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• pp.77-77
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• 1998

Present silicon dioxide (SiOz) 떠m as intennetal dielectridIMD) layers will result in high parasitic c capacitance and crosstalk interference in 비gh density devices. Low dielectric materials such as f f1uorina뼈 silicon oxide(SiOF) and f1uoropolymer IMD layers have been tried to s이ve this problem. I In the SiOF ftlm, as fluorine concentration increases the dielectric constant of t뼈 film decreases but i it becomes unstable and wa않r absorptivity increases. The dielectric constant above 3.0 is obtain어 i in these ftlms. Fluoropolymers such as polyte$\sigma$따luoroethylene(PTFE) are known as low dielectric c constant (>2.0) materials. However, their $\alpha$)Or thermal stability and low adhesive fa$\pi$e have h hindered 야1리ru뚱 as IMD ma따"ials. 1 The concept of a plasma processing a찌Jaratus with 비gh density plasma at low pressure has r received much attention for deposition because films made in these plasma reactors have many a advantages such as go여 film quality and gap filling profile. High ion flux with low ion energy in m the high density plasma make the low contamination and go어 $\sigma$'Oss피lked ftlm. Especially the h helicon plasma reactor have attractive features for ftlm deposition 야~au똥 of i앙 high density plasma p production compared with other conventional type plasma soun:es. I In this pa야Jr, we present the results on the low dielectric constant fluorocarbonated-SiOF film d밑JOsited on p-Si(loo) 5 inch silicon substrates with 00% of 0dFTES gas mixture and 20% of Ar g gas in a helicon plasma reactor. High density 띠asma is generated in the conventional helicon p plasma soun:e with Nagoya type ill antenna, 5-15 MHz and 1 kW RF power, 700 Gauss of m magnetic field, and 1.5 mTorr of pressure. The electron density and temperature of the 0dFTES d discharge are measUI벼 by Langmuir probe. The relative density of radicals are measured by optic허 e emission spe따'Oscopy(OES). Chemical bonding structure 3I피 atomic concentration 따'C characterized u using fourier transform infrared(FTIR) s야3띠"Oscopy and X -ray photonelectron spl:’따'Oscopy (XPS). D Dielectric constant is measured using a metal insulator semiconductor (MIS;AVO.4 $\mu$ m thick f fIlmlp-SD s$\sigma$ucture. A chemical stoichiome$\sigma$y of 야Ie fluorocarbina$textsc{k}$영-SiOF film 따~si야영 at room temperature, which t the flow rate of Oz and FTES gas is Isccm and 6sccm, res야~tvely, is form려 야Ie SiouFo.36Co.14. A d dielec$\sigma$ic constant of this fIlm is 2.8, but the s$\alpha$'!Cimen at annealed 5OOt: is obtain려 3.24, and the s stepcoverage in the 0.4 $\mu$ m and 0.5 $\mu$ m pattern 킹'C above 92% and 91% without void, res야~tively. res야~tively.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part 1
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• pp.616-617
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• 2006

• 소음진동
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.443-449
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• 1994

In the analysis of circular cylindrical shell's vibration and sound radiation, there are numerical and analytical methods. Numerical methods such as F.E.M and B.E.M, have the limit of frequency range. Analytical method can be applied to the circular cylindrical shell from low frequency to high frequency. In this paper, we use the analytical method for shell, and numerical method, F.D.M, for fluid. We also use the method using transfer matrix and eigenanalysis of transfer matrix which can therefore calculate the rotational d.o.f that is very imkportant in synthesis with inner structure. Inner structure has much effect on the submerged circular cylindrical shell vibration and sound rediation. Results for the immersed circular cylindrical shell vibration and sound radiation are compared with the analytic solutions.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제37권8호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2000

0.35m CMOS공정을 이용하여 MOSFET의 RF특성을 평가하였다. 채널길이(L-0.25~0.8m)와 채널폭(W=50~600m) 및 바이어스 전압의 변화에 따른 RF특성을 분석하였으며, 차단주파수$f_T$는 최대 22GHz, 최대공진주파수($f_{max}$)는 최대 28GHz의 값을 얻었다. 채널폭의 변화에 대해서 차단주파수는 영향을 받지 않았으며, 최대공진주파수는 감소하는 경향을 보였고, 채널길이 증가에 대해서는 차단주파수 및 최대공진주파수 모두 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 최소잡음지수는 채널폭이 증가할수록 감소하고 채널길이가 증가할수록 증가하는 경향을 얻었는데, 2GHz에서 최소 0.45dB의 값을 얻었다. 평가결과로부터 0.35m CMOS공정이 2GHz대역의 상업용 RFIC 구현에 충분한 RF특성을 보유하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었으며, 바이어스 및 채널폭과 길이변화에 대한 CMOS 트랜지스터의 RF 특성분석을 통하여 RF 회로설계에 대한 지침을 제시하였다.

• 전자공학회논문지D
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• 제36D2호
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• pp.55-61
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• 1999

DRAM에서 알파 입자의 입사에 의한 소프트 에러율을 예측하는 시뮬레이터를 개발하였다. 새로운 시뮬레이터는 수집 전하량에 대한 해석적 모델을 사용함으로서 소자 시뮬레이터나 몬테칼로 시뮬레이터를 사용하는 기존의 예측 시뮬레이터에 비하여 계산시간을 크게 감소하였다. DRAM에서 발생하는 소프트 웨어의 모드를 분석한 결과, bit-bar 모드에 의한 소프트 에러율이 가장 큰 것을 알 수 있었으며 256M DRAM의 셀 구조에 대한 소프트 에러율을 시뮬레이션하여 storage 캐패시턴스가 약 5fF의 margin을 갖고있음을 밝혔다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(2)
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• pp.249-252
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• 2002

we have studied the characteristics of PHEMT's with gate recess etching method. The DC characterization of PHTMT fabricated with the wide single recess methods is a maximum drain current density of 319.4 ㎃/mm and a peak transconductance of 336.7 ㎳/mm. The RF measurements were obtained in the frequency range of 1~50GHz. At 50GHz, 3.69dB of 521 gain were obtained and a current gain cut-off frequency(f$_{T}$) of 113 CH and a maximum frequency of oscillation(f$_{max}$) of 172 Ghz were achieved from this device. On the other hand, a maximum drain current of 367 mA/mm, a peak transconduclancc of 504.6 mS/mm, S$_{21}$ gain of 2.94 dB, a current gain cut-off frequency(f$_{T}$) of 101 CH and a maximum frequency of oscillation(f$_{max}$) of 113 fa were achieved from the PHEMT's fabricated by the .narrow single recess methods.methods.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 밀리미터파 대역에서 고이득과 광대역 특성을 갖는 MHEMT(Metamorphic High Electron Mobility Transistor) cascode 증폭기를 설계 및 제작하였다. Cascode 증폭기 제작을 위해 0.1 ㎛ InGaAs/InAlAs/GaAs MHEMT를 설계ㆍ제작하였다. 제작된 MHEMT는 드레인 전류 밀도 640 mA/mm, 최대 전달컨덕턴스(gm)는 653 mS/mm를 얻었으며, 주파수 특성으로 f/sub T/는 173 GHz, f/sub max/는 271 GHz의 우수한 특성을 나타내었다. Cascode 증폭기는 CPW 전송선로를 이용하여 광대역 특성을 얻을 수 있도록 정합회로를 설계하였으며, 1단과 2단 증폭기의 2가지 종류로 회로를 설계하였다. 설계된 증폭기는 본 연구에서 개발된 MHEMT MIMIC 공정을 이용해 제작되었다. 제작된 cascode 증폭기의 측정결과, 1단 증폭기는 3 dB 대역폭이 31.3∼68.3 GHz로 37 GHz의 넓은 대역 특성을 얻었으며, 대역내에서 평균 9.7 dB 및 40 GHz에서 최대 11.3 dB의 S21 이득 특성을 나타내었다. Cascode 2단 증폭기는, 3 dB 대역폭이 32.5∼62.0 GHz로 29.5 GHz의 대역폭과 대역내에서 평균 20.4 dB 및 36.5 GHz에서 최대 22.3 dB의 높은 이득 특성을 얻었다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.29-44
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• 1995

A model experiment on the pair midwater trawl net applicable to 800 PS class Korean pair bottom trawlers was carried out in the special-prepared experimental thank. the tank was prepared as a reverse trapezoid shape in its vertical section by digging out flat soil. The dimension of the tank showed the 9.6 W$\times$43.0 L(m) of the upper fringe and the 4.8 W$\times$38.0 L(m) of the bottom with 3.0m in depth. The depth of water was maintained 2.7m during experiment. The model net was prepared based on the Tauti's similarity law of fishing gear in 1/30 scale considering the dimension of the experimental tank. Mouth performance of the model net during towing were determined by the photographs taken in front of the net mouth with the combinations of towing velocity, warp length and distance between paired boats. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: 1. Vertical opening of the model nets A and B was varied in the range of 0.18~0.88 m and 0.21~0.78 m (which can be converted into 5.4~26.4m and 6.3~23.4 m in the full-scale net) respectively, and was varied predominantly by towing speed. Vertical opening (H which is appendixed m for the model net. f for the full-scale net. A and B for the types of the model net) can be expressed as the function of towing velocity$V_t$as in the model net $V_t$ : m/ sec)$H_{mA}$=1.67$e^{-1.65V_t}$ $H_{mB}$=1.15$e^{-1.13V_t}$, in the full-scale net ($V_t$ : k't) $H_{fA}$=50.27$e^-0.37V_t$ $H_{fB}$=34.46$e^{-0.26Vt}$. 2. Horizontal opening of the model nets An and b was varied in the range of 1.03~1.54m and 1.04~1.55 m (which can be converted into 30.9~46.2 m and 31.2~46.5m in the full-scale net) respectively, and was varied predominantly by distance between paired boats. Horizontal opening (W, appendixes are as same as the former) an be expressed as the function of distance between paired boats $D_b$as in the model net $W_{mA}$=0.69+0.09$D_b$ $W{mB}$=0.73+0.09$D_b$, in the full-scale net $W_{fA}$=20.81+0.09$D_b$ $W_{fB}$=22.11+0.09$D_b$ 3. Net opening area of the model net A and B was varied in the range of 0.28~1.04 $m^2$ and 0.33~0.94$m^2$(which can be converted into 252~936$m^2$ and 297~846$m^2$ in the full-scale net) respectively, and was varied predominantly by towing velocity. Net opening area ($S$, appendixes are as same as the former) van be expressed as the function of towing velocity$V_t$ as in the model net $v_t$ : m/sec) $S_{Ma}$=2.01$e^{-1.54V_T}$ $S_{mA}$=1.40$e^{-1.65V_t}$, in the full-scale net ($V_t$ : k't) $S_{fA}$=1.807$e^-0.35V_t$ $S_{fA}$=1.265$e^{-0.24V_t}$. 4. Filtering volume of the model nets A and B was varied in the range of 0.32~0.55 $m^3$ and 0.37~0.55$m^3$(which can be converted into 8.640~14.850 $m^3$ and 9.990~14.850$m3$in the full~scale net) respectively, and was predominantly varied by towing speed. filtering volume of the model net-A showed the maximum at the towing speed 0.69 m/sec(3 k't in the full-scale net), compared with that of the model net B showed at 0.92 m/sec(4 k't in the full-scale net).