• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.8-12
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• 1987

Fusarium oxysporum, F. moniliforme, F. solani, F. equiseti, F. semitectum, and F. sporotrichioides were detected from seeds, roots and cultivated soil of Phaseolous vidissimus collected from Kyung-gi Provincial Rural Development Administration. The rate of seedling desease incidence was $60\%$ by testing of seed germination using a large petri-dish. According to the blotter method, F. moniliforme showed $7\%$ infection at seed-coat and $2\%$ at cotyledon and embryo. Their pathogenicities of F. moniliforme, F. semitectum, F. equiseti, and F. sporotrichioides isolated from seeds were recognized on seedlings by water-agar test tube methods. F. oxysporum and F. solani isolated from infected-roots had their pathogenicity by water-agar test tube method but were weakly pathogenic by soil treatment method. Their pathogenicities of F. oxysporum. F. solani and F. uiseti isolated from cultivated-soil were recognized by water-agar test tube method. These F. oxysporum and equiseti isolates had their pathogenicities but F. solani was weakly pathogenic by soil treatment method.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.254-260
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• 2022

Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC) contain over 40 members. The primer pair Smibo1FM/Semi1RM on the RPB2 partial gene has been reported to be able to identify Fusarium semitectum. The F. fujikuroi species complex (FFSC) contains more than 50 members. The F. verticillioides as a member of this complex can be identified by using VER1/VER2 primer pair on the CaM partial gene. In this research, the Smibo1FM/Semi1RM can amplify F. sulawesiense, F. hainanense, F. bubalinum, and F. tanahbumbuense, members of FIESC at 424 bp. The VER1/VER2 can amplify F. verticillioides, F. andiyazi, and F. pseudocircinatum, members of FFSC at 578 bp. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism by using the combination of three restriction enzymes EcoRV, MspI, and HpyAV can differentiate each species of FIESC used. The two restriction enzymes HpaII and NspI can distinguish each species of FFSC used. The proper identification process is required for pathogen control in the field in order to reduce crop yield loss.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.121-128
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• 2022

Fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium species is a major problem affecting cultivated cucurbit plants worldwide. Fusarium species are well-known soil-borne pathogenic fungi that cause Fusarium wilt disease in several cucurbit plants. In this study, we aimed to identify and classify pathogenic Fusarium species from cultivated Korean cucurbit plants, specifically watermelon and cucumber. Thirty-six Fusarium isolates from different regions of Korea were obtained from the National Institute of Horticulture and Herbal Science Germplasm collection. Each isolate was morphologically and molecularly identified using an internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA, elongation factor-1α, and the beta-tubulin gene marker sequence. Fusarium species that infect the cucurbit plant family could be divided into three groups: Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum), Fusarium solani (F. solani), and Fusarium equiseti (F. equieti). Among the 36 isolates examined, six were non-pathogenic (F. equiseti: 15-127, F. oxysporum: 14-129, 17-557, 17-559, 18-369, F. solani: 12-155), whereas 30 isolates were pathogenic. Five of the F. solani isolates (11-117, 14-130, 17-554, 17-555, 17-556) were found to be highly pathogenic to both watermelon and cucumber plants, posing a great threat to cucurbit production in Korea. The identification of several isolates of F. equiseti and F. oxysporum, which are both highly pathogenic to bottle gourd, may indicate waning resistance to Fusarium species infection.

• Mycobiology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.158-162
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• 2000

Twenty-three isolates of Fusarium spp. were obtained from decayed citrus fruits in the fields and storages in 1998-1999. Of them, six and five isolates belonged to F. proliferatum and F. moniliforme, respectively, which were the most common. F. solani and F. sambucinum had each two isolates, F. equiseti had one isolate and seven isolates were unidentified. They produced symptoms of two types in pathogenicity test: those with leathery, beige to light or dark brown, and sunken lesions without surface mycelium (type-1) and those with lesions covered with white, beige or pink surface mycelium (type-2). Four of six isolates identified to F. proliferatum and two unidentified isolates produced type-1 lesions, and all isolates identified to F. moniliforme, F. solani, F. sambucinum, F. equiseti and five unidentified isolates produced type-2 lesions.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.293-299
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• 2002

A survey of Fusarium wilt of perilla was conducted in 12 locations in Korea from 1999 to 2001. The disease occurred in 74 out of 187 fields in the 12 locations surveyed, and incidence of the disease reached up to 30% at its maximum in some perilla fields in Seosan and Dangjin. Incidence of the disease in the other locations ranged from 0.2 to 20%. A total of 327 isolates of Fusarium spp. were obtained from stems and roots of the diseased perilla plants. The isolates were identified based on their morphological characteristics. Out of the 327 isolates of Fusarium, 277 isolates from 12 locations were identified as F. oxysporum, 11 isolates from three locations as F. solani,17 isolates from two locations as F. equiseti, 4 isolates from one location as F. avenaceum and 6 isolates from one location as F. subglutinans. The other 12 isolates of Fusarium from four locations were unidentified. Twelve isolates of F. oxysporum and two isolates each of the other Fusarium spp. were tested for their pathogenicity to five cultivars of perilla. Seven isolates of F. oxysporum were strongly pathogenic to some perilla cultivars, but the other five isolates were weakly or not pathogenic. One isolate of F. solani was strongly pathogenic to all the perilla cultivars tested, but another isolate was not pathogenic. All the isolates of F. equiseti, F. avenaceum, and F. Subglutinans tested were not pathogenic to any of the perilla cultivars tested. Symptoms on the perilla plants induced by artificial inoculation with strongly pathogenic isolates of F. oxysporum and F. solani appeared as wilt, stem blight, and root yet, which were similar to those observed in the fields. The isolates which induced symptoms by artificial inoculation were re-isolated from the lesions of the perilla plants inoculated. All the isolates of F. oxysporum tested were not pathogenic to eight other crops inoculated. Results of this study reveal that F. oxysporum is the main pathogen of perilla wilt and that it is host specific to perilla. forma specialis of F. oxysporum causing wilt of perilla is proposed as perillae.

• Mycobiology
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.66-72
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• 2014

Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) family Malvaceae is an important crop used in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutics industries. Roselle is cultivated mainly in Upper Egypt (Qena and Aswan governorates) producing 94% of total production. Root rot disease of roselle is one of the most important diseases that attack both seedlings and adult plants causing serious losses in crop productivity and quality. The main objective of the present study is to identify and characterize pathogens associated with root rot and wilt symptoms of roselle in Qena, Upper Egypt and evaluate their pathogenicity under greenhouse and field condition. Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium solani, Fusarium equiseti and Fusarium semitectum were isolated from the natural root rot diseases in roselle. All isolated fungi were morphologically characterized and varied in their pathogenic potentialities. They could attack roselle plants causing damping-off and root rot/wilt diseases in different pathogenicity tests. The highest pathogenicity was caused by F. oxysporum and M. phaseolina followed by F. solani. The least pathogenic fungi were F. equiseti followed by F. semitectum. It obviously noted that Baladi roselle cultivar was more susceptible to infection with all tested fungi than Sobhia 17 under greenhouse and field conditions. This is the first report of fungal pathogens causing root rot and vascular wilt in roselle in Upper Egypt.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.342-347
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• 1989

by use of HCl-Giemsa technique and light microscope, dividing vegetative nuclei in hyphae of Fusarium species were observed and the results are summerized. The chromosome number of these fungi was ranged 4 to 8. Of the 20 strains, the highest haploid chromosome number is 8 in F. solani S Hongchun K4, F. moniliforme (from banana) and F. raphani (from radish). The lowest is 4 in F. sporotrichioides NRRL 3510 and F. equiseti KFCC 11843 IFO 30198. F. solani 7468 (from Sydney), F. solani 7475 (from Sydney), F. oxysporum(from tomato). F. roseum (from rice), F. sporotrichioides C Jngsun 1, F. equiseti C Kosung 1 and F. avenaceum 46039 are n=7. F. moniliforme (from rice) F. graminearum, F. proliferatum 6787 (from Syndey), F. proliferatum 7459 (from Synder) and F. anguioides ATCC 20351 are n=6. F. moniliforme NRRL 2284, F. poae NRRL 3287 and F. trincinctum NRRL 3299 are n=5. From these results, it may be concluded that the basic haploid chromosome number of the genus Fusarium is 4 and mat have been evolutionary variation of chromosome number through aneuploidy and polyploidy.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 1984

Alternaria tenuis, Arthrobotrytis sp., Aspergillus spp., Cephalosporium sp., Cladosporium sp., Cylindrocarpon sp., Fusarium equiseti, F. moniliforme, F. semitectum, F. solani, Penicillium spp., Rhizopus sp. were saprophytic fungi and Cercospora kikuchii, Colletotrichum truncatum, Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae and Fusarium oxysporum were pathogenic fungi detected from 14 seed samples of soybean. Initial symptoms caused by C. kikuchii, C. truncatum, D. phaseolorum sojae and F. oxysporum on seedlings from naturally infected seed by the test tube agar method have been described and discussed. Soybean seeds infected with C. truncatum, D. phaseolorum sojae and F. oxysporum reduced germination of seeds and have influenced on the growth of soybean seedling caused by C. kikuchii. Surface-sterilized soybean seedlings became diseased in the test tube agar artificially inoculated with C. kikuchii, C. truncatum and D. phaseolorum sojae isolated from naturally infected soybean seeds. F. oxysporum showed very weak pathogenicity. Seed disinfectants of Benlate-T, Homai, Tecto and Sisthane have effective to C. kikuchii, C. truncatum, D. phaseolorum sojae and F. oxysporum. Arasan, Captan, Busan-30 and Mercron were inferior to C. kikuchii but effective against others. Seed disinfectants treated in this experiment have increased seed germination campared with non-treatment.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.260-267
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• 2004

Fusarium spp. were isolated from the postharvest fruit rot of oriental melon fruits at commercial fruit markets in Korea during 2001 to 2003. The decayed fruits were covered with the fungal mycelia and eventually soft rotted. The disease started at the fruit stalk area, the calyx end of the fruit and skin of fruit. As the disease advanced, white to pinkish mycelia covered with the surface of decayed fruit. The cultural and morphological characteristic of Fusarium spp. were compared with descriptions of those reported previously, and identified as Fusarium equiseti, F. graminearum, F. moniliforme, F. proliferatum, F. sambucinum, and F. semitectum. Pathogenicity of the isolates was proved by artificial wound and unwound inoculation onto the healthy fruits. Two days after inoculation, aerial mycelia were noticed on the wound inocultion region of the fruit and developed soft rot symptoms. Although Fusarium spp. causing fruit rot disease in oriental melon have been reported in Korea, identification of the those species was not described. Therefore, this is the first report of Fusarium spp. causing postharvest fruit rot on oriental melon in Korea.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.20 no.4 s.49
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• pp.183-190
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• 1981

Alternaria sesami, A. sesamicola, A. tenuis, A. longissima, Cercospora sesami, Cephalosporium sp., Corynespora cassiicola, Fusarium equiseti, F. moniliforme, F. oxysporum, F. semitectum, Macrophomina phaseolina and Myrothecium roridum were detected from 40 seed samples of sesame. A sesami, A. sesamicola, A. tenuis and C. cassiicola were the predominant fungi. Except C. cassiicola, all fungi were almost completly reduced and wiped out the infection by pretreatment with chlorine. Plating components also indicate that C. cassiicola was well-established infections. Seedborne infection of C. cussiicola caused heavy seed rot and seedling mortality. Detailed description has been given on the habit character of C. cassiicola under stereoscopic microscope and the variation in colony character and spore morphology have been taken into account. In inoculation experiments, C. cassiicola produced severe leaf and stem spots and blights on sesame plants resulted in ultimate death of the plants. A. sesami, A. sesamicola A. longissima and C. sesami also produced mild to severe leaf spotting and leaf blight when suspension of their conidia were sprayed on to plants. In soil inoculation experiments, F. oxysporum and M. phaseolina were the most pathogenic causing seed rot and seedling blight.