• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.735-747
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• 2023

The composition of fatty acids determines the flavor and quality of meat. Flavor compounds are generated during the cooking process by the decomposition of volatile fatty acids via lipid oxidation. A number of research on candidate genes related to fatty acid content in livestock species have been published. The majority of these studies focused on pigs and cattle; the association between fatty acid composition and meat quality in chickens has rarely been reported. Therefore, this study investigated candidate genes associated with fatty acid composition in chickens. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed on 767 individuals from an F2 crossbred population of Yeonsan Ogye and White Leghorn chickens. The Illumina chicken 60K significant single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype data and 30 fatty acids (%) in the breast meat of animals slaughtered at 10 weeks of age were analyzed. SNPs were shown to be significant in 15 traits: C10:0, C14:0, C18:0, C18:1n-7, C18:1n-9, C18:2n-6, C20:0, C20:2, C20:3n-6, C20:4n-6, C20:5n-3, C24:0, C24:1n-9, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). These SNPs were mostly located on chromosome 10 and around the following genes: ACSS3, BTG1, MCEE, PPARGC1A, ACSL4, ELOVL4, CYB5R4, ME1, and TRPM1. Both oleic acid and arachidonic acid contained the candidate genes: MCEE and TRPM1. These two fatty acids are antagonistic to each other and have been identified as traits that contribute to the production of volatile fatty acids. The results of this study improve our understanding of the genetic mechanisms through which fatty acids in chicken affect the meat flavor.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.643-649
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• 2010

Evaluation of the primary etiologic agents that cause aseptic meningitis outbreaks may provide valuable information regarding the prevention and management of aseptic meningitis. In Korea, an outbreak of aseptic meningitis caused by echovirus type 30 (E30) occurred from May to October in 2008. In order to determine the etiologic agent, CSF and/or stool specimens from 140 children hospitalized for aseptic meningitis at Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital between June and October of 2008 were tested for virus isolation and identification. E30 accounted for 61.7% (37 cases) and echovirus 6 accounted for 21.7% (13 cases) of all the human enteroviruses (HEVs) isolates (60 cases in total). For the molecular characterization of the isolates, the VP1 gene sequence of 18 Korean E30 isolates was compared pairwise using the MegAlign with 34 reference strains from the GenBank database. The pairwise comparison of the nucleotide sequences of the VP1 genes demonstrated that the sequences of the Korean strains differed from those of lineage groups A, B, C, D, E, F, and G. Reconstruction of the phylogenetic tree based on the complete VP1 nucleotide sequences resulted in a monophyletic tree, with eight clustered lineage groups. All Korean isolates were segregated from other lineage groups, thus suggesting that the Korean strains were a distinct lineage of E30, and a probable cause of this outbreak. This manuscript is the first report, to the best of our knowledge, of the molecular characteristics of E30 strains associated with an aseptic meningitis outbreak in Korea, and their respective phylogenetic relationships.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.207-212
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• 1981

Nutritional evaluation of nitrogen compounds of soybean and soybean sprout in various growth conditions various conditions was conducted by feeding Sprague-Dawley strain of albino rat and was correlated with chemical evaluation. food intake and PER also showed the same trend as weight gain. Average body fyeight gain showed significant positive correlation with essential amino acid index (EAAI) $(r=0.996^{**})$ and requirement index (RI) $(r=0.988^{**})$. According to EAAI and RI, quality of soybean sprout was in order of Soybean-heated, 4 days soybean sprout (S.S.) cotyledon, 4 days S.S heated, 8 days S.S heated and 4 days S.S axis heated. Process of soybean sprout (4 days growing at $25^{\circ}C$) caused quantitative loss of soybean protein by 4.5%, and quantitative loss of 11% (EAAI basis) in chemical evaluation while protein efficiency loss of 7% (PER basis) and overall nutritional loss of 18% (weight gain basis).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.18-28
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• 2013

It was compared the estimated parameters by the surplus production from three different models, i.e., three types (Schaefer, Gulland, and Schnute) of the traditional surplus production models, a stock production model incorporating covariates (ASPIC) model and a maximum entropy (ME) model. We also evaluated the performance of models in the estimation of their parameters. The maximum sustainable yield (MSY) of small yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena polyactis) in Korean waters ranged from 35,061 metric tons (mt) by Gulland model to 44,844mt by ME model, and fishing effort at MSY ($f_{MSY}$) ranged from 262,188hauls by Schnute model to 355,200hauls by ME model. The lowest root mean square error (RMSE) for small yellow croaker was obtained from the Gulland surplus production model, while the highest RMSE was from Schnute model. However, the highest coefficient of determination ($R^2$) was from the ME model, but the ASPIC model yielded the lowest coefficient. On the other hand, the MSY of Kapenta (Limnothrissa miodon) ranged from 16,880 mt by ASPIC model to 25,373mt by ME model, and $f_{MSY}$, from 94,580hauls by ASPIC model to 225,490hauls by Schnute model. In this case, both the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) and the highest coefficient of determination ($R^2$) were obtained from the ME model, which showed relatively better fits of data to the model, indicating that the ME model is statistically more stable and robust than other models. Moreover, the ME model could provide additional ecologically useful parameters such as, biomass at MSY ($B_{MSY}$), carrying capacity of the population (K), catchability coefficient (q) and the intrinsic rate of population growth (r).

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.231-236
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• 1995

Effects of sodium salts of various monovalent inorganic anions on transdermal permeation of salicylic acid were investigated. In in-vitro experiment using a Franz-type diffusion cell and excisicylic acid were investigated. In-vitro experiment using a Franze-type diffusion cell and excised mouse skin, the permeation-enhancing activities of the sodium salts of inoraganic anions were rougly proportional to lyotropic Hofmeister serlling abilities of the anions l F/sup -/

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2002

We invented the newly developed Fractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy(F.S.R.T) system using combined techniques of couch mounting and pedestal mounting system. Head fixation frame consists of a milled alluminium alloy(duralumin) and is placed to the couch. This frame immobilized patient head using the dental bite, 3.2 mm frontal and occipital thermoplastic mask. To evaluate the coordinate of target isocenter, Brown-Revert-Walls C.T localizer can be attached to this frame. And also, we developed the frame mounting system by developing the modification of pedestal mounting system. This system is fixed to couch floor and can be used to evaluate the isocenteric accuracy of gantry, couch and collimator in Q.A procedure. In order to measure the relocation accuracy, the acrylic phantom and the accurate pointers have been made. The repositioning of the targets in the phantom were estimated by comparing C.T coordinates and E.C.L portal films taken with anterior-posterior and right-left direction. From the results of experiments, the average distance errors between the target isocenter and its mean position were 0.71$\pm$0.19 for lateral, 0.45$\pm$0.15 for inferior-superior, 0.63$\pm$0.18 for anterior-posterior. And the maximum distance error was less than 1.3 mm. The new head fixation frame and frame mounting system were non-invasive, accurately relocatable, easy to use, very light and well tolerable by the results of phantom tests. The major advantage of using this frame mounting system is complete access to any point in the Patients cranium especially posterior direction

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.3185-3194
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• 1994

In this study, an impact model and impact response analysis method was suggested for the impacts between arbitrary shaped bodies. Unlike the impacts between geometrically simple structures, there is no rules to analyze the impacts between general elastic structures First of all, it has been attempted to explain the impoot between arbitrary elastic structures as the elastic deformation of a virtual contact spring in the vicinity of contact points. The contact stiffness and the exponent are determined from the Hertz's contact theory and F. E. analysis. In order to evaluate the validities and limitations of the proposed methods, an impact tester and the miniature of container, missile and isolators have been provided and tested experimentally. All the experiments were performed with various impact conditions. The results obtained by the proposed methods were directly compared with the measured values in terms of maximum contract force, contact duration, the shape of contact force and the structure responses. The computed contact force and responses, using this proposed methods, were very close to the measured results, unless any plastic deformations were presented.

• Journal of the Korean Physical Society
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• v.73 no.9
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• pp.1370-1376
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• 2018

The electronic structures, magnetic properties and half-metallicity in $Zr_2RuZ$ (Z = Ga, In, Tl, Ge, Sn, and Pb) alloys with $AlCu_2Mn-$ and $CuHg_2Ti$-type structures were investigated using first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The calculations showed that $Zr_2RuIn$, $Zr_2RuTl$, $Zr_2RuSn$, and $Zr_2RuPb$ compounds with $CuHg_2Ti$-type structures were half-metallic ferromagnets with half-metallic band gaps of 0.18, 0.24, 0.22, and 0.27 eV, respectively. The half-metallicity originated from d-d and covalent hybridizations between the transition metals Zr and Ru. The total magnetic moments of the $Zr_2RuZ$ (Z = In, Tl, Sn, and Pb) compounds with $CuHg_2Ti$-type structures were integer values of $1{\mu}B$ and $2{\mu}B$, which is in agreement with Slater-Pauling rule ($M_{tot}=Z_{tot}-18$). Among these compounds, $Zr_2RuIn$ and $Zr_2RuTl$ were half-metals over relatively wide regions of the lattice constants, indicating that these two new Heusler alloys are ideal candidates for use in spintronic devices.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.337-345
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• 2014

The present study examined the effects of soybean-derived phosphatidylserine (SB-PS) on the learning and memory function and the neural activity in rats with trimethyltin (TMT)-induced memory deficits. The cognitive improving efficacy of SB-PS on the amnesic rats, which was induced by TMT, was investigated by assessing the Morris water maze test and by performing cholineacetyl transferase (ChAT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) immunohistochemistry. A positron emission tomography (PET) scanning the rat brain was by performed administer 18F-Fluorodeoxy-glucose (18F-FDG). The rats with TMT injection showed impaired learning and memory of the tasks and treatment with SB-PS produced a significant improvement of the escape latency to find the platform in the Morris water maze at the 2nd day compared to that of the MCT group. In the retention test, the SB-PS group showed increased time spent around the platform compared to that of the MCT group. Consistent with the behavioral data, SB-PS 50 group significantly alleviated the loss of acetyl cholinergic neurons in the hippocampus compared to that of the MCT group. Treatment with SB-PS significantly increased the CREB positive neurons in the hippocampus as compared to that of the MCT group. In addition, SB-PS groups increased the glucose uptake in the hippocampus and SB-PS 50 group increased the glucose uptake in the frontal lobe, as compared to that of the MCT group. These results suggest that SB-PS may be useful for improving the cognitive function via regulation of cholinergic marker enzyme activity and neural activity.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to provide the baseline data for conservation and management of Korean forest ecosystem by surveying and analyzing the vascular plants distributed from Gitdaebaegibong to Cheonghwasan in Baekdudaegan Mountains. The results are as follows. The numbers of vascular plants in the whole survey section were summarized as 771 taxa including 103 families, 379 genera, 623 species, 4 subspecies, 121 varieties and 23 forms. There were 377 taxa in A-section, 395 taxa in B-section, 278 taxa in C-section, 325 taxa in D-section, 534 taxa in E-section, and 406 taxa in F-section. The rare plants were 32 taxa including Megaleranthis saniculifolia, Rodgersia podophylla, Iris ensata var. spontanea, and Gastrodia elata. In IUCN Red List categories, there were 1 taxon of CR, EN, and DD each, 11 taxa of the VU, and 18 taxa of the LC. The Korean endemic plants were 26 taxa including Asarum versicolor, Clematis fusca var. coreana, Vicia chosenensis, Stewartia pseudocamellia, Carex okamotoi, and Luzula sudetica var. nipponica. The specific plants by floristic region were 143 taxa including 3 taxa of grade V, 12 taxa of grade IV, 41 taxa of grade III, 42 taxa of grade II, and 45 taxa of grade I. The naturalized plants were 41 taxa including Rumex crispus, Ailanthus altissima, Erechtites hieracifolia, Erigeron annuus, and Poa pratensis. The invasive alien plants were 4 taxa including Rumex acetocella, Sicyos angulatus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, and Aster pilosus. The plants adaptable to climate change were 43 taxa including 14 taxa of endemic plants, 2 taxa of southern plants, and 27 taxa of northern plants.