• 제목/요약/키워드: F%26B

검색결과 465건 처리시간 0.03초

Inhibition of COX-2 Activity and Proinflammatory Cytokines($TNF-{\alpha}{\;}and{\;}IL-1{\beta}$) Production by Water-Soluble Sub-Fractionated Parts from Bee (Apis mellifera) Venom

  • Nam, Kung-Woo;Je, Kang-Hoon;Lee, Jang-Hurn;Han, Ho-Je;Lee, Hye-Jung;Kang, Sung-Kil;Mar, Woongchon
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • 제26권5호
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    • pp.383-388
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    • 2003
  • Bee venom is used as a traditional medicine for treatment of arthritis. The anti-inflammatory activity of the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous partitions from bee venom (Apis mellifera) was studied using cyclooxygenase (COX) activity and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-$\alpha and IL-1\beta$) production, in vitro. COX-2 is involved in the production of prostaglandins that mediate pain and support the inflammatory process. The aqueous partition of bee venom showed strong dose-dependent inhibitory effects on COX-2 activity ($IC_{50} = 13.1 \mu$ g/mL), but did not inhibit COX-1 activity. The aqueous partition was subfractionated into three parts by molecular weight differences, namely, B-F1 (above 20 KDa), B-F2 (between 10 KDa and 20 KDa) and BF-3 (below 10 KDa). B-F2 and B-F3 strongly inhibited COX-2 activity and COX-2 mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner, without revealing cytotoxic effects. TNF-$\alpha and IL-1\beta$ are potent pro-inflammatory cytokines and are early indicators of the inflammatory process. We also investigated the effects of three subfractions on TNF-$\alpha and IL-1\beta$ production using ELISA method. All three subfractions, B-F1, B-F2 and B-F3, inhibited TNF-$\alpha and IL-1\beta$production. These results suggest the pharmacological activities of bee venom on anti-inflammatory process include the inhibition of COX-2 expression and the blocking of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-$\alpha and IL-1\beta$) production.

Self-esteem, major satisfaction, appearance satisfaction, A Study on the Relationship of Employment Stress

  • Lee, Hwa-Myung;Park, Hyo-Jin;Yoo, Eun-Ju
    • 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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    • 제26권9호
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    • pp.181-188
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    • 2021
  • 본 연구는 대학생의 자아존중감, 전공만족도, 외모만족도, 취업스트레스의 관계를 확인하고, 이에 대한 제언을 제시하고자 한다. 연구의 대상은 B광역시에 소재한 재학생을 대상으로 실시하였으며, 자료분석은 SPSS WIN/22.0 프로그램을 활용하여 분석 하였다. 연구결과 일반적인 특성에 따른 취업스트레스의 차이는 학년(F=4.25, P=0.01), 종교(t=0.70), 학과 및 계열(F=7.50, P=.0001), 성격(F=6.406, P=0.001), 대학 생활만족도(F=8.09, P=0.001), 평균 성적(F=5.37, P=0.005) 에서는 유의하게 나타났다. 대상자의 취업 스트레스는 자아존중감(r=-.439, p<.001), 전공만족도(r=-.377, p<.001), 외모만족도(r=-.273, p<.001)에서 부적 상관관계 있었다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 대학생의 취업 스트레스를 감소시키기 위해서는 자아존중감, 전공만족도, 외모만족도을 높이기 위한 관련된 통합적 프로그램을 개발하는 것이 필요하고, 다양한 변인에 대한 반복적 연구가 요구된다.

N,N'-di-tert-butoxycabonyl-2,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]oct-4-ene의 결정구조 (Crystal Structure of N,N'-di-tert-butoxycabonyl-2, 7-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]oct-4-ene.)

  • 김문집;이재혁
    • 한국결정학회지
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.132-137
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    • 1997
  • N,N'-di-tert-butoxycabonyl-2, 7-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]oct-4-ene의 분자 및 결정구조를 X-선 회절법으로 연구하였다. 이 결정의 분자식은 C16H26N2O4, 결정계는 삼사정계이고 공간군은 P1이다. 단위세포상수 a=11.119(1) Å, b=13.638(1) Å, c=6.214(1) Å이며, α=92.14(1)°, β=103.49(1)°, γ=73.35(1)°, V=877.4(2)Å3, T=293(2)K, Z=2이다. 구조해석에 사용한 X-선은 Cu Kα선(λ=1.5418Å)이다. 구조는 직접법으로 풀었으며, 최소자승법으로 정밀화하였다. 최종 신뢰도 R값은 F0>4σ(F0)인 2389개의 독립회절데이타에 대해 5.38%이였다.

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캐비티 필터를 이용한 5-8 GHz DR 듀플렉서의 연구 (Study on 5.8 GHz DR Duplexer using Cavity Filter)

  • 배창호;조평동;조병훈;김영성;장호성
    • 한국통신학회논문지
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    • 제26권12B호
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    • pp.1712-1723
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    • 2001
  • 이 논문은 5.8 GHz 대역 DSRC에 응용되는 듀플렉서의 구현을 위한 설계와 제조방법을 제시하였다. BZT계 유전테 첨가물을 제어하여 Q$\times$f$_{o}$ =30,000 이상인 원통형 유전체 공진기(DR)를 개발하였으며, 송수신 각 4단의 캐비티 필터 구성에 의해 DSRC에서 요구되는 f$_{o}$ $\pm$10 MHz의 대역폭에서 송신 40dB, 수신 50dB의 감쇠특성을 실현하였다. 시제품의 성능은 실측 결과 삽입손실이 다소 높은 것을 제외하고는 이론값에 잘 일치하였다.

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시판 멸치 액젓의 품질과 그 액젓으로 제조한 김치의 품질 연구 (The Study on the Qualities of Commercial Anchovy Sauces and Kimchies Prepared with Different Anchovy Sauces)

  • 문갑순;송영선;류복미;전영수
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.272-277
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    • 1997
  • 시판 멸치액젓의 품질을 평가하기 위하여 수협제품(A, B), 중소기업제품(C, D), 유명제품(E-H)을 선정하여 이화학적 분석과 경제성을 조사하고, 관능검사를 실시하였다. 멸치 액젓의 염도는 19.8~26.0% 범위였으며, F > H > B > E > A > C = G > D순으로 높게 나타났다. 19.8%의 염도를 나타낸 D 제품은 탁도가 높고 부패취가 강하였으며, 암노니아 함량이 매우 높아 일정 이하의 염도는 젓갈의 품질을 유지할 수 없음을 알 수 있었다. 나머지 제품들의 염도는 25% 전후를 나타내었다. 총 단백질 함량은 2.51~2.04% 범위였으며 A > C > B > F > E > D > G > H 순으로 높아 수협의 두 제품(A, B)과 중소업체 C제품의 품질이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 제품의 갈색도는 C, A제품에서 높게 나타났다. 시판되는 멸치액젓의 가격을 1$\ell$로 환산한 결과 A 제품이 가장 비싸며, B 제품이 가장 저렴한 것으로 나타났다. 멸치액젓의 관능검사 결과 색은 B > G > A > F > E > C > H > D 순으로, 냄새는 B > G = C > F > A > E > H > D 순으로 점수가 높게 나타났다. 짠맛은 I > C > F > G > H > D > B > A 순으로 점수가 높게 나타나서 측정한 염도와 일치하지는 않았다. 전체적 인 맛은 B > A > C > H > E = F > G > D 순으로 점수가 높아 B 제품의 맛이 가장 좋고 D 제품이 가장 나쁜 것으로 나타났다. 위의 분석 결과에 근거하여 우수하게 평가된 A, B, C제품과 시장 점유율이 높은 H 제품을 이용하여 김치를 제조하여 숙성에 따른 pH, 산도, 관능검사를 실시한 결과 숙성 전반에 걸쳐 다른 제품들에 비해 C 제품으로 제조한 김치에서 숙성이 빨리 진행되었고, A 제품으로 제조한 김치에서 숙성이 다소 지연되는 것으로 나타났다. 관능검사를 실시한 결과 외관은 2주째 C 김치에서 유의적으로 좋았고, 냄새는 4주째 A, H 김치가 좋은 것으로 평가되었다. 나머지 항목들에서 멸치액젓 제품 사이의 유의차는 나타나지 않았으나 숙성 전반에 걸쳐 A 제품으로 제조한 김치가 다소 좋은 것으로 평가되었다.

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허약노인을 위한 건강증진 프로그램이 허약노인의 건강증진행위와 건강상태에 미치는 효과 (The Effect of Health Promotion Program for Frail Elderly Residents on Health Promoting Behavior and Health Status)

  • 권상민;박정숙
    • 성인간호학회지
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.194-206
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    • 2013
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a health promotion program for frail elderly nursing home residents, and to analyze the effects of the program. Methods: The research was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Data collection was performed from February 26, 2012, to April 26, 2012. The subjects were 28 residents for the experimental group, who were selected at A nursing home, D city, in Korea and 27 residents for the control group, who were selected at B nursing home. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, independent t-test, ANCOVA and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ with SPSS/Win 17.0 program. Results: There was a significant improvement in health promoting behaviors (F=64.26, p<.001), Lt. Grip strength (F=39.76, p<.001), Rt. Grip strength (F=38.06, p<.001), Static balance (F=3.98, p=.050), TUG (F=18.60, p<.001), oral status (F=26.75, p<.001), depression (F=18.79, p<.001), and subjective health status (F=10.75, p<.002) in the treatment group compared to the comparison group. Conclusion: The health promotion program improved the health promoting behavior, physical fitness, oral status, depression, and subjective health status of the frail elderly nursing home residents. Therefore, health promotion programs for frail elderly nursing home residents could be helpful.

COMMON COUPLED FIXED POINT RESULTS FOR HYBRID PAIR OF MAPPING UNDER GENERALIZED (𝜓, 𝜃, 𝜑)-CONTRACTION WITH APPLICATION

  • Handa, Amrish
    • 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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    • 제26권3호
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    • pp.111-131
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    • 2019
  • We introduce (CLRg) property for hybrid pair $F:X{\times}X{\rightarrow}2^X$ and $g:X{\rightarrow}X$. We also introduce joint common limit range (JCLR) property for two hybrid pairs $F,G:X{\times}X{\rightarrow}2^X$ and $f,g:X{\rightarrow}X$. We also establish some common coupled fixed point theorems for hybrid pair of mappings under generalized (${\psi},{\theta},{\varphi}$)-contraction on a noncomplete metric space, which is not partially ordered. It is to be noted that to find coupled coincidence point, we do not employ the condition of continuity of any mapping involved therein. As an application, we study the existence and uniqueness of the solution to an integral equation. We also give an example to demonstrate the degree of validity of our hypothesis. The results we obtain generalize, extend and improve several recent results in the existing literature.

Lysophosphatidylcholine induces azurophil granule translocation via Rho/Rho kinase/F-actin polymerization in human neutrophils

  • Ham, Hwa-Yong;Kang, Shin-Hae;Song, Dong-Keun
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • 제26권3호
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    • pp.175-182
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    • 2022
  • Translocation of azurophil granules is pivotal for bactericidal activity of neutrophils, the first-line defense cells against pathogens. Previously, we reported that lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), an endogenous lipid, enhances bactericidal activity of human neutrophils via increasing translocation of azurophil granules. However, the precise mechanism of LPC-induced azurophil granule translocation was not fully understood. Treatment of neutrophil with LPC significantly increased CD63 (an azurophil granule marker) surface expression. Interestingly, cytochalasin B, an inhibitor of action polymerization, blocked LPC-induced CD63 surface expression. LPC increased F-actin polymerization. LPC-induced CD63 surface expression was inhibited by both a Rho specific inhibitor, Tat-C3 exoenzyme, and a Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, Y27632 which also inhibited LPC-induced F-actin polymerization. LPC induced Rho-GTP activation. NSC23766, a Rac inhibitor, however, did not affect LPC-induced CD63 surface expression. Theses results suggest a novel regulatory mechanism for azurophil granule translocation where LPC induces translocation of azurophil granules via Rho/ROCK/F-actin polymerization pathway.

공간구문론을 이용한 단독주택 공간배치 변화 - 1980년 이후 단독주택 중 유명건축가의 작품과 수상작품을 중심으로 - (The Change of Space Arrangement of Korea Detached House by Space Syntax - A Focusing on the Detached Houses which were Designed by Famous Architects after 1980s' -)

  • 황용운
    • 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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    • 제26권3호
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    • pp.63-70
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    • 2017
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze the inner space of detached houses from 1980 to 2016. It was used 'space syntax program' for analysis and analyzed with intervals of 10 years as 1980~1990, 1990~2000 and so on. The research results will be summarized as follows: 1) Overall, all inner space that was examined shows a trend that integration space tends to increase while segregating space tends to decrease. 2) In the case of the master bedrooms(M B) in 1980s, these were composed of 2 rooms as a front room(F R) and a master bedroom type, but as time went by, the F R which was attached room to the M B disappeared. While inside space of M B attached powder-room and wardrobe instead of the F R of the M B. And F R was an integrated space at first in 1980s, but it began to change to a segregating space to protect personal privacy. 3) The dining(D) and kitchen(K) spaces were strictly separated in the 1980s but began to change to D+K and L+D+K types after 1990. 4) In the 2000s, the most typical living space in every house is continuing to change from an separate space in the other space to an integrated space where it is clearly seen from the kitchen and the dining room in the types as L+D and L+D+K.

CONVERGENCE THEOREMS FOR THE HENSTOCK DELTA INTEGRAL ON TIME SCALES

  • Park, Jae Myung;Kim, Young Kuk;Lee, Deok Ho;Yoon, Ju Han;Lim, Jong Tae
    • 충청수학회지
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    • 제26권4호
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    • pp.879-885
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    • 2013
  • In this paper, we de ne an extension $f^*:[a,b]{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}$ of function $f^*:[a,b]_{\mathbb{T}}{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}$ for a time scale ${\mathbb{T}}$ and prove the convergence theorems for the Henstock delta integral on time scales.