• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.197-203
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• 2001

Objective: To compare the clinical utility of contrast-enhanced color Doppler US in the differentiation of retinal detachment (RD) from vitreous membrane (VM) with that of various conventional US modalities, and to analyze the enhancement patterns in cases showing an enhancement effect. Materials and Methods: In 32 eyes examined over a recent two-year period, RD (n=14) and VM (n=18) were confirmed by surgery (n=28) or clinical follow-up (n=4). In all cases, gray-scale, color Doppler, and power Doppler US were performed prior to contrast injection, and after the intravenous injection of Levovist (Schering, Berlin) by hand for 30 seconds at a dose of 2.5 g and a concentration of 300 mg/mL via an antecubital vein, contrast-enhanced color Doppler US was performed. At Doppler US, the diagnostic criterion for RD and VM was whether or not color signals were visualized in membranous structures. Results: Diagnostic accuracy was 78% at gray-scale US, 81% at color Doppler US, 59% at power Doppler US, and 97% at contrast-enhanced color Doppler US. The sensitivity of color Doppler US to color signals in RD increased from 57% to 93% after contrast enhancement. The enhancement patterns observed were signal accentuation (n=3), signal extension (n=2), signal addition (n=3), and new signal visualization (n=5). Conclusion: Contrast-enhanced color Doppler US was the most accurate US modality for differentiating RD from VM, showing a significantly increased signal detection rate in RD.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.421-431
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• 2022

The purpose of this research is to determine the point of fixation of the driver during the process of driving. Based on the results of this research, the driving instructor can make a judgement on what the trainee stare on the most. Traffic accidents have become a serious concern in modern society. Especially, the traffic accidents among unskilled and elderly drivers are at issue. A driver should put attention on the vehicles around, traffic signs, passersby, passengers, road situation and its dashboard. An eye-tracking-based application was developed to analyze the driver's gaze behavior. It is a prototype for real-time eye tracking for monitoring the point of interest of drivers in driving practice. In this study, the driver's attention was measured by capturing the movement of the eyes in real road driving conditions using these tools. As a result, dwelling duration time, entry time and the average of fixation of the eye gaze are leading parameters that could help us prove the idea of this study.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.117-125
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• 2018

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the effect of Korean medicine treatment on diplopia and limitation of eye movement in Idiopathic abducens nerve palsy. Methods : Two patients were treated with acupuncture and herbal medicines who has been suffering from diplopia and limitation of eye movement. To evaluate the results of this treatment, we everyday checked distance(cm) from middle of the forehead to occurring diplopia, limitation of abduction(Scott and Kraft grade) and other symptoms(visual analogue sacle). Results : After treatment, the limitation of eye movement and diplopia were improved remarkably even other symptoms. Conclusions : This study shows us that the Korean medicine treatments are effective on diplopia and limitation of eye movement due to idiopathic abducens nerve palsy.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.29-41
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• 2006

Various current events provide evidence that society is undergoing changes in perceptions of social relationships. Specifically, visual media in the form of advertisements can convey images which reflect society's values and concepts about role relationships. The purpose of this research was to examine ads in fashion magazines to determine what types of model roles and role relationships typically appear in fashion advertising which can mirror society's values. A content analysis was conducted of ads obtained from US Vogue and US GQ for the year 2002. Six kinds of roles/relationships were found: (1) Narcissism (representing self absorption), (2) sexually enticing opposite-sex relationships, (3) close/romantic same-sex relationships, (4) friend relationships, (5) family relationships, and (6) independent relationships. Of these, narcissism predominated, however, a small number of sexually provocative ads appeared as well as same-sex romantic relationships. Because sole (single) models were more typical, they also were examined to determine ways in which they relate to the audience. Characteristics examined included body presentation & pose, eye gaze, and facial expression. Direct eye gaze was the typical way to engage the audience. Gender differences were apparent: smiling was more typical of women, indifference for men. The symbolic meaning and values investigated from this research are the blurring of gender identity portrayed in homosexual imagery, family values, and the value of youth. The consistency of models' race in ads does not portray the diversity reflected in the demographic census.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.80-89
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• 2016

The analysis of spatial search direction and its concentration through eye movement can produce some useful data in that it enables to know the features of space elements and their effects on one another. The results by analysing the search features and concentration of spatial sections through the eye-tracking in shops in a department store makes it possible to define the followings. First, the features of 'eye's in & out' could be estimated through the division of sections by the characteristics of those shops and the extraction of central point based on the decision of continuative observation. The decision of continuative observations enabled to analyse the frequency of observation data which can be considered to be 'things watched longtime' and the stared points that is equivalent to 'things seen very often', by which the searching characteristics of spatial sections could be estimated. Second, as with the eye's [in], the right shops had 0.6 times more (3.5%) than those left and as with the eye's [out] the left ones had 0.6 times more (3.5%). It indicates that [in, out] of the right and the left shops had the same difference, which lets us know that with starting point of the middle space, [in] and [out] were paid more attention to the right shops and the left shops respectively. Third, as with the searching directions by section, the searching times [2.9 times] from [B] to [A] were than that [2.6 times] from [A] to [B]. It was also found that the left shops had more searching direction toward [C, D] than the right ones and that those searching activities at the left shops were more active. Fourth, when the searching directions by section are reviewed, the frequency of searching from [B] to [A] was 2.9 and that of the other way 2.6. Also the left shops were found to have more searching direction toward [C, D] than the right ones and those searching activities at the left shops were estimated to be more active.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.679-684
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• 2004

To determine if Antarctic krill employ body shrinkage as one of its overwintering mechanisms in the field, Euphauia superba and Euphausia crystallorophias were collected during fall and winter in and around Marguerite Bay through US Southern Ocean GLOBEC field programs during fall and winter 2001 and 2002. The relationships between the body length and weight of both krill species were exponentially correlated with no significant differences between the two species (p>0.05). The ratio between eye diameter and body length of individual krill was examined in an expectation that it could be used as an indicator of the body shrinkage as previously suggested by Shin and Nicol (2002). These ratios were significantly different between the two krill species. Especially, E . crystallorophias had bigger eyes than E. superba. In both krill species, eye diameters were highly correlated with body lengths (regression coefficients ${\geq}0.70$). For E. crystallorophias, no significant differences of the ratio of eye diameter/body length were detected between fall and winter. Even though the ratios for E. superba were seasonally varied, it was not clear whether body shrinkage was an actual and critical overwintering mechanism for the krill population found in this study area. These results suggest that some individuals of E. superba might experience the body shrinkage during a part of their liff, but this morphological index alone (eye diameter/body length) may be insufficient to unambiguously separate the shrunk krill from the non-shrunk ones in the field-collected animals.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.112-119
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• 2019

Purpose: The advantages of ocular proton therapy are that it spares the optic nerve and delivers the minimal dose to normal surrounding tissues. In this study, it developed a solid eye phantom that enabled us to perform quality assurance (QA) to verify the dose and beam range for passive single scattering proton therapy using a single phantom. For this purpose, a new solid eye phantom with a polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) wedge was developed using film dosimetry and an ionization chamber. Methods: The typical beam shape used for eye treatment is approximately 3 cm in diameter and the beam range is below 5 cm. Since proton therapy has a problem with beam range uncertainty due to differences in the stopping power of normal tissue, bone, air, etc, the beam range should be confirmed before treatment. A film can be placed on the slope of the phantom to evaluate the Spread-out Bragg Peak based on the water equivalent thickness value of PMMA on the film. In addition, an ionization chamber (Pin-point, PTW 31014) can be inserted into a hole in the phantom to measure the absolute dose. Results: The eye phantom was used for independent patient-specific QA. The differences in the output and beam range between the measurement and the planned treatment were less than 1.5% and 0.1 cm, respectively. Conclusions: An eye phantom was developed and the performance was successfully validated. The phantom can be employed to verify the output and beam range for ocular proton therapy.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.14B no.6
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• pp.423-430
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• 2007

Optical coherence tomography(OCT) is a high resolution imaging system which can image the cross section of microscopic organs in a living tissue with about $1{\mu}m$ resolution. In this paper, we implement OCT system and acquire 2-D images of rat eye and human molar samples especially in the field of opthalmology and dentistry. In terms of 2-D images, we reconstruct 3-D OCT images which give us another inner structural information of target objects. OPEN-GL reduces the 3-D processing time 10 times less than MATLAB.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.20-28
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• 2022

Artificial intelligence-based health data verification has become an essential element not only to help clinical research, but also to develop new treatments. Since the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the marketing of medical devices that detect mild abnormal diabetic retinopathy in adult diabetic patients using artificial intelligence in the field of medical diagnosis, tests using artificial intelligence have been increasing. In this study, an artificial intelligence model based on image classification was created using a Teachable Machine supported by Google, and a predictive model was completed through learning. This not only facilitates the early detection of cataracts among eye diseases occurring among patients with chronic diseases, but also serves as basic research for developing a digital personal health healthcare app for eye disease prevention as a healthcare program for eye health.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.173-180
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• 2022

In the naked eye observation, the health of livestock can be controlled by the range of activity, temperature, pulse, cough, snot, eye excrement, ears and feces. In order to confirm the health of livestock, this paper uses calf face image data to classify the health status by image shape, color and texture. A series of images that have been processed in advance and can judge the health status of calves were used in the study, including 177 images of normal calves and 130 images of abnormal calves. We used GLCM calculation and Convolutional Neural Networks to extract 6 texture attributes of GLCM from the dataset containing the health status of calves by detecting the image of calves and learning the composite image of Convolutional Neural Networks. In the research, the classification ability of GLCM-CNN shows a classification rate of 91.3%, and the subsequent research will be further applied to the texture attributes of GLCM. It is hoped that this study can help us master the health status of livestock that cannot be observed by the naked eye.