• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.5-10
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• 2010

This study sought to compare the amounts of posterior anchorage loss during the en masse retraction of the upper anterior teeth between orthodontic mini-implant (OMI) and conventional anchorage reinforcement (CAR) such as headgear and/or transpalatal arch. The subjects were 52 adult female patients treated with sliding mechanics (MBT brackets, .022" slot, .019X.025" stainless steel wire, 3M-Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA). They were allocated into Group 1 (N=24, Class I malocclusion (CI), upper and lower first premolar (UP1LP1) extraction, and CAR), Group 2 (N=15, Cl, UP1LP1 extraction and OMI), and Group 3 (N=13, Class II division 1 malocclusion, upper first and lower second premolar extraction, and OMI). Lateral cephalograms were taken before (T0) and after treatment (T1). A total of 11 anchorage variables were measured. Analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis. There was no significant difference in treatment duration and anchorage variables at T0 among the three groups. Groups 2 and 3 showed significantly larger retraction of the upper incisor edge (U1E-sag, 9.3mm:7.3mm, P<.05) and less posterior anchorage loss (U6M-sag, 0.7~0.9mm:2mm, P<.05; U6A-sag, 0.5mm:2mm, P<.01) than Group 1. The ratio of retraction amount of the upper incisor edge per 1 of anchorage loss in the upper molar made for the significant difference between Groups 1 and 2 (4.6mm:7.0mm, P<.05). Group 3 showed a relatively distal inclination of the upper molar (P<.05) and the intrusion of the upper incisor and first molar (U1E-ver, P<.05; U6F-ver, P<.05) compared to Groups 1 and 2. Although OMI could not shorten the treatment duration, it could provide better maximum posterior anchorage than CAR.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.19-22
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of acetic acid and citric acid treatments on amount and content ratio of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) which were extracted from beef shank bones. The amount of Ca in shank bone extracts significantly increased with increasing citric acid and acetic acid concentration, whereas the amount of P increased with only adding citric acid to extraction media. In the case of combined treatment with 0.2 % acetic acid and 0.1 % citric acid, the amounts of Ca and P increased to 30 and 400 %, respectively and Ca and P ratio were drastically improved from 7.53 to 1.85 compared with treatment of 0.2 % acetic acid. The sensory score of shank bone extract prepared with 0.2 % acetic acid and 0.1 % citric acid treatment showed the highest values in taste and overall acceptability among the tested shank bone extracts.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.495-504
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• 2005

In our study, osteoporosis was induced by ovariectomized in female Sprague-Daweley rats, and the prevention and treatment efficacy of the climacteric disease the postmenopausal Type I pattern was examined by using the experimental substance soybeans and arrowroot. After ovariectomy; the amount of estrogen was found to be reduced by 21.37$\%$ and it showed the tendency to be increased by 4.49$\%$ in T1 (extraction of soybeans group) and 7.62$\%$ in T2 (extraction of ferment soybeans group). The change of bone density, 14 weeks after ovariectomy in the femur, was decreased by 9.33$\%$ in N.C. group, and 5.46$\%$ in T3 (extraction of ferment arrowroot group). As pathological findings, the trabeculae of femur were detected to be abundant as normal and the frequency of the appearance of osteoclasts was very minimal. In the T3, the frequency of the appearance of the trabeculae of femur was increased to the level that could be distinguished. In regard to the accumulation of lipid in the bone marrow, the accumulation of lipid in the bone marrow was low as normal. However, in T3, the decrease to the level that could be distinguished was detected. In addition, in regard to the pathological findings of the uterus, normal uterine tissue findings were detected. In the T3, the minimal atrophy findings were detected. In conclusion, when the T3 was orally administered continuously for 14 weeks, it was thought that a certain proportion of the hormonal balance was maintained that functioned as a substance interfering the accumulation of fat, and it was considered to be of help in the treatment of not only osteoporosis Type I, but also for the prevention and treatment of various endocrinal diseases.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.174-183
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• 2011

Objective: Orthodontically induced root resorption (OIRR) involves partial loss of cementum and dentin of teeth caused by routine orthodontic treatment. It decreases root length and influences the function of affected teeth. In this study, the treatment and patient factors causing apical root resorption in Koreans were determined. The observed factors were extraction, gender, age, displacement of root apex, total treatment period, total teeth length, and shape of the root. Methods: The records of 137 patients treated with full, fixed edgewise appliances were obtained from the Department of Orthodontics, Dankook University Dental Hospital, from November 2007 to December 2008. Periapical radiographs of the maxillary central incisors and cephalometric radiographs of each patient were used to assess apical root resorption and type of tooth movement. Results: The mean amount of resorption was $1.62{\pm}1.58mm$. The amount of resorption in the extraction and non-extraction groups was $2.10{\pm}1.64mm$ and $1.18{\pm}1.39mm$, respectively. The amount of root resorption increased with the total tooth length. Severe root resorption (> 4 mm) was related to abnormal root shape (blunt, pointed, or eroded). Conclusions: The variables significantly related to OIRR were extraction, initial tooth length, and root shape.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 1980

In this study, two species of algae, Ecklonia stolonifera, Sargassum thunbergii and one species of marine plant, Zostera marina(rhizoid and stem) were collected and extamined to determine the extractability of water soluble protein and the influences of various factors including extraction time, temperature, ratio of sample vs solvent and pH upon the extractability were tested. The effects of precipitation treatments for isolation of algal protein from the extracts(TCA treatment, methanol treatment and pH control) were also tested. Amino nitrogen and total nitrogen of purified samples made by obtained optimum conditions were estimated. The effect of the ratio of sample vs solvent on extractability differed from species to species which was enhances at 1:100(w/v) in Sargassum thunbergii and Zostera marina while 1:150(w/v) for Ecklonia stolonifera. The effect of extraction time and temperature was revealed differently in all species which might be considered to be caused by differences in the constitution of algal tissues. But in case of TCA insoluble nitrogen, it was showed the maximum extractability at $40-50^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour extraction. The optimum pH for the ext action of total nitrogen was 9-12 while the optimum pH was 6-7 for TCA insoluble nitrogen. And the pH control appeared to be most effective in the influence of precipitation treatment for isolation of algal protein.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.157-161
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• 1982

The possibility of extraction of alumina from domestic Ha-dong kaolin was studied by sulfuric acid treatment. Raw kaolin was calcined at various temperature (500-110$0^{\circ}C$) and calcined kaolin were treated with sulfuric acid. The tendency of extraction yield of alpha alumina have been investigated by relating reaction time, temperature, and acid concentration. After reaction, precipitates were analyzed by DTA, TGA, and identified alpha alumina by X-ray diffractometer with calcined sample at 120$0^{\circ}C$. The results were as follows; 1. The optimum calcination temperature was 800-86$0^{\circ}C$. 2. The most suitable extracting conditions of alpha alumina were 40 wt%-$H_2SO_4$, 2-3 hours acid-treating time and 8$0^{\circ}C$ acid-treating temperature. 3. Precipitates were composed of $(NH_4)_2SO_4$, $Al_2SO_4(OH)_4$ 5-7 $H_2O$ and $Al(OH)_3$.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.1136-1142
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• 2019

The root of Paeonia lactiflora has been used in Chinese medicine. We conducted to check the comparative qualities of ethanol solvent extraction (PLE) and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (PLS) of P. lactiflora root. PLE had higher antioxidant and polyphenol contents than PLS. But, PLS were significantly increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α. In addition, PLS inhibited the adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. When treated with the extract at a concentration of 100 ㎍/mL, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway reporter luciferase activity of HEK 293-TOP cells increased approximately by 3-folds compared to that of the untreated control group. These results indicate that P. lactiflora supercritical carbon dioxide extract may serve as a cosmeceutical for improving skin barrier function and the treatment of obesity.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2001

For the earlier diagnosis and treatment of delayed wound healing in extraction socket, we investigated the clinical, radiographic and histopathologic features of 106 patients with delayed wound healing diagnosed by biopsy. The patients were enrolled at the Department of Oral Pathology, Chosun University Dental Hospital. Among 106 delayed wound healing diagnosed by biopsy, cysts showed most significant 25 cases (23%), osteomyelitis showed 13 cases (12%), chronic maxillary sinusitis and squamous cell carcinoma showed 12 (11%) and 11 (10%) cases, respectively. We have analyzed these lesions through relevant literatures.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.205-208
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• 2016

Actinomycosis is an infection caused by the actinomyces genus and is associated with trauma or previous infection. A 58-year-old male patient was referred from a private dental clinic for root extraction of the lower right molar. The x-ray showed fractured root-like material distal to the distal root of the lower right second molar. A biopsy during extraction of the root-like material was performed, which revealed a sequestrum with actinomycosis by a pathological examination. In this case, the radiopacity of the suspicious lesion was higher than that of the surrounding alveolar bone, which confused it with the root tip. The diagnosis of actinomycosis required long-term antimicrobial therapy, which is very different from simple extraction or removal of sequestrum.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.341-347
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• 2019

Luffa cylindrica (LC) is a very fast-growing climber and its fruit have been considered as agricultural wastes. We conducted to check the comparative qualities of ethanol solvent extraction (LCE) and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (LCS) of L. cylindrica fruit and seed. LCS had higher antioxidant and polyphenol contents than LCE. LCS were significantly increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-a and involucrin expression as epidermal differentiation marker in 3D skin equivalent model. LCS also showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, a causative bacteria in atopic dermatitis. In addition, LCS inhibited the adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. When treated with the extract at a concentration of 100 ㎍/mL, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway reporter luciferase activity of HEK 293-TOP cells was increased approximately by 2-folds compared to that of the untreated control group. These results indicate that L. cylindrica supercritical carbon dioxide extract may serve as a cosmeceutical for improving skin barrier function and the treatment of obesity.