• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.325-334
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• 2003

Pinosylvin, a stilbenoid phytoalexin, is a health ingredient to be extracted from pine leaves. In this study, ultrasonication-assisted extraction process for manufacturing extracts with high content of pinosylvin from pine leaves was investigated. As process and system variables, ultrasonic power, sonication time and solvent ratio were selected. According to the experimental results, the effective yield of pinosylvin increased with the increase of ultrasonic power and sonication time and the decrease of solvent ratio. When the ultrasonic power of 2400 W/L was added to the solution of pulverized pine leaves of 8 g per 1 L of a solvent for 10 minutes, yield of extracts and purity, effective yield and concentration ratio of pinosylvin were 0.3166 g/g, 0.7247 mg/g, 0.2294 mg/g and 23.0, respectively.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.89-94
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• 2012

In fact, smoking is prohibited in elevators. It is morally wrong to smoke in elevators. In addition, smoking can be very fatal for our children and for women. In this paper, forensic evidence is submitted to court by people who smoke in elevators. Shots around the face of the person in the elevator extracted partially by scene change detection. Smokers is extracted that the white bar is at the mouth biter. People spouting smoke extraction will proceed in the future. It is extracted by using technology of color histogram, one of the scene change detection method. The extract is a much more accurate extraction ratio than the methods that do not use scene change detection.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.511-519
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• 1997

This paper presents the automatic recognition algorithm of the license number in on vehicle image. The proposed algorithm uses the correlation coefficient and Hough transform to detect license plate. The m/n ratio reduction is performed to save time and memory. By the correlation coefficient between the standard pattern and the target pattern, licence plate area is roughly extracted. On the extracted local area, preprocessing and binarization is performed. The Hough transform is applied to find the extract outline of the plate. If the detection fails, a smaller or a larger standard pattern is used to compute the correlation coefficient. Through this process, the license plate of different size can be extracted. Two algorithms to each separate number are proposed. One segments each number with projection-histogram, and the other segments each number with the label. After each character is separated, it is recognized by the neural network. This research overlomes the problems in conventional methods, such as the time requirement or failure in extraction of outlines which are due to the processing of the entire image, and by processing in real time, the practical application is possible.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.37-53
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• 1983

The contents of amino acids were examined in the 3, 4, 5, and 6 year-old roots of fresh ginseng and the 1979, 1980, 1981, and 1982 years' products of white and red ginsengs. Samples extracted with 75% ethanol for free amino acids and hydrolyzed with 6N-HCL for total amino acids were analyzed by Amino Acid Analyzer (Hitachi model KLA-5). The results were summarized as follows: 1. Amino acids from extracted samples were 18 kinds of Tryptophan, Lysine, Histidine, Arginine, Aspartic acid, Threonine, Serine, Glutamic acid, Proline, Glycine, Alanine, Cystine, Valine, Methionine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Tyrosine, and Phenylalanine. 2. Amino acids detected in hydrolyzed samples were 17 kinds execpt Tryptophan of extracted ones. 3. Arginine was the highest quantity of amino acids in ginseng. 4. The content of Tryptophan was 0.5690 mg/g in the 6 year-old fresh ginseng and trace quantities in other samples. 5. The contents of amino acids were increased in fresh ginseng according to cultivation year. 6. The contents of amino acids in white ginseng were slightly decreased but those in red ginseng were not changed during the storage time. 7. The content ratio of free amino acids to total amino acids were 1:3.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.35S no.7
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• pp.53-61
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• 1998

In this paper, we propose an efficient multi-view images coding algorithm to find the optimal depth and texture from the set of multi-view images. The proposed algorithm consists of two consecutive steps, i) the depth estraction step, and ii) the texture extraction step, comparedwith the traditional algorithem which finds the depth and texture concurrently. The X-Y plane of the normalized object space is divided into traingular paatches and the Z value of the node is determined in the first step and then the texture of the each patch is extracted in the second step. In the depth extraction step, the depth of the node is determined by applying the block based disparity compensation method to the windowed area centered at the node. In the second step, the texture of the traingular patches is extracted from the multi-view images by applying the affine transformation based disparity compensation method to the traingular pateches with the depth extracted from the first step. Experimental results show that the SNR(Singnal-to- Noise Ratio) of images enconded by our algorithm is better than that of images encoded by the traditional algorithm by the amount about 4dB for for the test sets of multi-view images called dragon, kid, city and santa.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.1017-1023
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to improve the accuracy of effective atomic number (EAN) and relative electron density (RED) using a polynomial-based calibration method using dual-energy CT images. A phantom composed of 11 tissue-equivalent materials was acquired with dual-energy CT to obtain low- and high-energy images. Using the acquired dual-energy images, the ratio of attenuation of low- and high-energy images for EAN was calibrated based on Stoichiometric, Quadratic, Cubic, Quartic polynomials. EAN and RED were extracted using each calibration method. As a result of the experiment, the average error of EAN using Cubic polynomial-based calibration was minimum. Even in the RED image extracted using EAN, the error of the Cubic polynomial-based RED was minimum. Cubic polynomial-based calibration contributes to improving the accuracy of EAN and RED, and would like to contribute to accurate diagnosis of lesions in CT examinations or quantification of various materials in the human body.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.102-110
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• 2015

The purpose of this experiment was to determine and compare the digestibility of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) in full-oil (no oil extracted) and de-oiled (oil extracted) corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) with different condensed distillers solubles (CDS) ratios. Six barrows ($29.6{\pm}2.3kg$) fitted with ileal T-cannula were allotted into a $6{\times}6$ Latin square design. Each period was comprised of a 5-d adaption period followed by a 2-d collection of ileal digesta. The five test diets contained 62% DDGS as the sole source of AA. A nitrogen-free diet was used to measure the basal endogenous losses of CP and AA. Chromic oxide (0.3%) was used as an index in each diet. The results showed that CP and AA were very similar in 5 DDGS, but the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of lysine (from 56.16% to 71.15%) and tryptophan (from 54.90% to 68.38%) had the lowest values and largest variation within the essential AA, which suggests reduced availability of AA and different levels of Maillard reactions in the five DDGS. The apparent ileal digestibility and SID of CP and most of AA in full-oil DDGS (sources 1 and 2) were greater (p<0.05) than de-oiled DDGS (sources 3, 4, and 5). Comparing the AA SID in the 5 DDGS, full-oil with low CDS ratio DDGS (source 1) had non-significantly higher values (p>0.05) than full-oil with high CDS ratio DDGS (source 2); however, the SID of most AA of de-oiled with low CDS ratios DDGS (source 3) were non-significantly lower (p>0.05) than de-oiled with high CDS ratio DDGS (source 4); and the de-oiled DDGS with middle CDS ratio (source 5) but with different drying processing had the lowest SID AA values. In conclusion, de-oiled DDGS had lower SID of CP and AA than full-oil DDGS; a higher CDS ratio tended to decrease the SID of AA in full-oil DDGS but not in de-oiled DDGS; and compared with CDS ratio, processing, especially drying, may have more of an effect on AA digestibility of DDGS.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.121-130
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• 2016

Objectives : Recently, people who have normal brachial blood pressure(BP) are being threatened by high-risk disease such as stroke. The aim of this study is to suggest that new method to assess systemic circulation. It can be performed by analyzing optimal blood pulse wave on 3 sites belonging to subjects that have normal BP. Methods : We respectively extracted main peaks(h1) of optimal blood pulse wave on left/right temporal artery(LR1=h1), radial artery(LR2=h1) and dorsalis pedis artery(LR3=h1). We obtained h1 from 30 subjects who are discreetly chosen and have normal BP. Main peak(h1) can be extracted by using 3D pulse imaging analyser(DMP-1000+, DAEYOMEDI Co., Korea) that has 5-level pressure method. We analyzed the ratio of [LR1/LR2] and [LR3/LR2]. Results : In the case of male group, the results are [LR1/LR2=0.7100.177] and [LR3/LR2=0.9290.317]. In the case of female group, the results are [LR1/LR2=0.6680.121] and [LR3/LR2=0.7050.195]. Especially, it is statistically verified that the result of ratio [LR3/LR2] is much higher in male group than in female group(p<0.05). Conclusions : We suggested the standard ratio of [LR1/LR2] and [LR3/LR2] for normal subjects, respectively. It can be adopted as a new method to evaluate the systemic circulation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.445-454
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of the financial structure of pharmaceutical companies on R&D investment. 358 pharmaceutical firms listed in the KOSDAQ market from 2000 to 2012. Financial statements and comments in general and internal transactions were extracted from TS-2000 of the Korea Listed Company Association (KLCA), and data related to stock price was extracted from KISVALUE-III of NICE Information Service Co., Ltd. STATA 12.0 was used as the statistical package for panel analysis. The summary of the findings and the interpretation of the significance of this are as follows: First, the shareholding ratio of major shareholders and foreigners had a positive influence on R&D investment. Second, the ratio of outside directors had a negative influence on R&D investment. Third, the shareholding ratio of institutional investors did not have a significant influence on R&D investment.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• no.36
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• pp.81-101
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to analyze characteristics of welfare level for the persons with disabilities in Korean local governments. The study adopted multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis. Based on prior studies and comparative importance research, three indicators were extracted from the welfare circumstance index for the disabled. They are the ratio of the registered disabled population, the ratio of the disabled household in poor households, the ratio of dependence on public finance. Also, nine dimensions and twenty seven indicators were extracted from the welfare level index. The dimensions are as follows : Education, income & economic activities support, welfare services infra-structure, health & welfare service support, movement convenience & safety, rights protection, culture, leisure & information accessibility, welfare administration & budget for the disabled. The findings from the welfare circumstance index show that local governments are divided into three groups and all indicators are statistically significant. On the other hand, the findings from the welfare level index, show that local governments are divided into four groups and five indicators are statistically significant. Based on these findings, the study proposes improvement in the disabled welfare level, and balanced development of local governments.