• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.291-305
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• 2009

As you known well, Ulsan port is very famous for handling chemical products which occupies about 80% of quantities of all Korean ports. Many ship's operators prefer to handle liquid cargo es at proper anchorages instead of the berth for saving port expenses. Ulsan M-10 anchorage was assigned for handling liquid cargoes, however this anchorage's space is restricted by the oil pipeline which lays under seabed about 400m off from the center of M-10 anchorage, for which we have to consider of the external force and counter force for keeping the safety of anchoring. Where, external force is induced by wind, tidal currents and wave while counter force is induced by holding power of anchor/chain. In this study, author evaluated a method to analyze theoretically the limit of external force condition up to which an anchoring ship can keep her position without dragging, and for which applied to many kinds of combined Ships as mother ship of 50,000 DWT Tanker and 4 sizes of Tanker as alongsided ship.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제28호
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• pp.33-43
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• 2001

Mario Botta is one of the modern architects who established his own architectural world on the basis of the architectural spirit of Modernism. His works have been a good theme not only for those who study architecture but also for those who study the relationship between architecture and the surrounding environment and there have been many published papers and reports on his works. However, most of them stressed on the importance of the external appearance of architecture or on the relationship between architecture and the surrounding environment. There have been relatively few studies that have dealt intensively with interior space. The aim of this study is to find the characteristics of interior space in public buildings that were designed by Botta and to analyze them from the view design principles and design elements. For this purpose, the five most important public buildings were selected and the public space of the building like the central hall, the lobby, and the foyer were analyzed. Through this study, the followings are realized. A) Spatial features: $\circled1$ Refined and graceful interiors where the principle of symmetry was applied, $\circled2$ Centripetal interiors surrounded by thick walls, $\circled3$ Interior design lit by skylights above the central area, B) Formative features: $\circled1$ The shapes of the external and internal spaces are identical, $\circled2$ Simple geometrical shapes were applied in defining the shapes of internal spaces, $\circled3$ Skylights and light wells were combined and were utilized as form elements, $\circled4$ Architectural vocabularies of Corbusier such as stairs, round pillars, and bridges were developed and utilized, $\circled5$ Utilized the geometry that resembled his architecture as a form element to the furniture, C) material pattern features: $\circled1$ Plainly expressed the patterns of bricks that appear in the course of construction, $\circled2$ Made and used horizontal stripe patterns using stones of different colors.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.275-285
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• 2012

In this study, we present preliminary results of precise orbit determination (POD) using satellite laser ranging (SLR) observations for International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS) Associate Analysis Center (AAC). Using SLR normal point observations of LAGEOS-1, LAGEOS-2, ETALON-1, and ETALON-2, the NASA/GSFC GEODYN II software are utilized for POD. Weekly-based orbit determination strategy is applied to process SLR observations and the post-fit residuals check, and external orbit comparison are performed for orbit accuracy assessment. The root mean square (RMS) value of differences between observations and computations after final iteration of estimation process is used for post-fit residuals check. The result of ILRS consolidated prediction format (CPF) is used for external orbit comparison. Additionally, we performed the precision analysis of each ILRS station by post-fit residuals. The post-fit residuals results show that the precisions of the orbits of LAGEOS-1 and LAGEOS-2 are 0.9 and 1.3 cm, and those of ETALON-1 and ETALON-2 are 2.5 and 1.9 cm, respectively. The orbit assessment results by ILRS CPF show that the radial accuracies of LAGEOS-1 and LAGEOS-2 are 4.0 cm and 5.3 cm, and the radial accuracies of ETALON-1 and ETALON-2 are 30.7 cm and 7.2 cm. These results of station precision analysis confirm that the result of this study is reasonable to have implications as preliminary results for administrating ILRS AAC.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2015

This study is conducted to understand the social value of Nakwon building, which has been instilled in the architecture of the building, through an analysis of formative elements unique to the center. The architectural characteristics of Nakwon building have been formed over a long period of time in relation with its surroundings and social change. Before looking into the formation of the center, this study investigates the street network planning of downtown. The street network was planned to expand in a north-south direction in order to accommodate a future increase of traffic volume as a result of industrialization and a population increase in downtown. This was manifested in expanding Samilro Street which passes through the lower part of Nakwon building, as well as in forming the architecture of the center. That is, the center has formed a symbiotic relationship with its surrounding areas, sharing space with them. The interior of the center seems to have an independent form while keeping a relationship with its external format, but it is seeking change internally in response to external change. Interior space has been departmentalized over time since its initial establishment, and the internal traffic has also been subdivided accordingly. This is attributable to the fact that social change in the neighboring areas affected the formation of Nakwon building, and that in turn contributed to forming the unique characteristics of the building. Nakwon building is one of the deteriorated buildings in downtown Seoul. However, it was built out of social need to share space within the city, and it has been changed according to social need for the 'distribution of space within the building.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.169-183
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• 2005

The present study purposed to identify differences and similarities in traditional residential space among Korea. China and Japan, which share similar social structure, and to make a comparative analysis on differences in traditional residential space according to family relation in the three countries. For these Purpose, this study selected residences, which are similar to one another in terns of time, class and economy and analyzed them using their floor plans and photographs. The results of this research are as follows. Knrea, China and Japan, all of which have family-centered social structure, separate their residential space from the external society and particularly women's space is placed inside men's space or in a secluded area. The most remarkable characteristic of residential space in Korea is the division of living spare between men and women. Space is allocated according to the hierarchical order of families. In this way, the position or order of family members is reflected in the use of space. Characteristically in China based on the large-family system each family is given a space for independent life. Particularly as the relation among brothers is emphasized, space is allocated equally to all brothers but the status of a space is determined by the order of the residents. Residential space in Japan is organized to emphasize the absolute authority and status of the head of the family. As the space is planned focused on the family head's daily life and guest reception, the relation among other family members is ignored. That is, Japanese residence is a social space for the family head's guest reception, Chinese residence is a family-centered space rather than a social space, and Korean residence accommodates both space for family life and social space.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.90-99
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to study how F.L. Wright reflected the climatic properties and materials of the region into creative ways of designing his architecture. The research method examined the design methods and use of materials by Wright in existing research literature and compares the space plans of housing works in Arizona. The research results will be summarized as follows : 1) For two-story houses, pilotis was used to avoid the hot air and the walls on the ground floor were often planned as thick wall. 2) In the fifties, F.L. Wright's design method changed in a circle from the vertical and horizontal lines. 3) F.L.Wright's Architectural form concepts and design concepts were extracted from local symbolic forms and natural forms. 4) F.L.Wright avoided Arizona's direct light but Indirect sunlight enters into the interior space. 5)External space was expressed as a closed space, while internal space was expressed as an open space. It's like an organic space. 6) Most of the housing materials used are stone and cement from rough deserts, and wood with low heat conductivity and thick concrete blocks to prevent the sunlight from rising above.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2020

It is a trend to pursue the reinforcement of child-centered, play-oriented ecological education programs that support children's development. Most of these nature friendly and eco education is done in the outdoor space. So outdoor activities in child care facilities are essential. The purpose of this study was to analyze the actual condition of the outdoor space for ecological child education in the child care center. Therefore, in order to provide the basic data for the direction of the improvement and to grasp the current situation and problems, the survey and analysis of the external space composition and utilization status in the child care facilities for nature-friendly ecological child care education has been done. As a result, the half of the cases did not reserve even the minimum size of outdoor space and fall short of the standards of outdoor space quality as accessibility, complexity, articulation and nature friendliness for ecological education. Therefore, in order to establish an ecological education environment, it is necessary to build facilities in natural green or suburban areas. In addition, they need to use the natural environment such as parks, open spaces, and forests.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2006년도 하계종합학술대회
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• pp.371-372
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose a method that measures quality of digital correlator. Quality of digital correlator in field of image composition of radio astronomy have as important position for acquisition of radio wave image with high precision. Digital correlator should have wide bandwidth and high precision to study on deep space. Digital correlator, therefore, should be designed to have high speed processing and high precision. But, real time measurement of quality of digital correlator using acquisition data is difficult to compare accuracy of result because digital correlator should process a large quantity of data with high speed. Measurement method of quality, also, has intricate implementation of experiment equipment. this paper present methods that compose experiment equipment without external installation easily and verify quality of digital correlator perfectly.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to suggest a proper plan about the exterior space of elementary school in Korea through analyzing the various factors of the exterior spaces in foreign elementary school case. because the foreign cases have diversified eco-friendly certification standards on the elementary school unlike Korean cases. Method: First, we review the recent eco-friendly research trends of elementary schools and the external space characteristics of elementary schools that are currently being studied through related literary surveys, And we review the korean criteria factor for eco-friendly certification, we draw the types of exterior space thorough analysis framework, using the korean criteria factor. Second, the foreign cases of the elementary school were chosen, and then some planning data such as architecture scheme, design concepts and drawings will be collected. So the data were analysed and then the characteristics of physical setting and eco-friendly certification standards will be drawn. Third, We analyzed the characteristics and factor of physical and eco-friendly of exterior space through the drawn types. Result: The various physical settings are appeared physical environment. when we analyzed certification factors at korean eco-friendly standards, the suggestion and guide about the eco-friendly elements than the numerical goals were treated importantly in Korea.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.38-47
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• 2020

본 연구는 학교 외부공간 관리를 위한 방향설정을 위하여 교사들의 인식을 분석하였다. 학교 외부공간의 나무와 꽃의 식재 만족도와 옥외 휴게공간의 만족도가 전체 만족도에 영향을 미치게 된다. 근무년수가 길수록 외부공간의 중요성과 필요성에 대한 인식도 높은 것으로 파악된다. 반면에 학교 외부공간 관리의 문제점으로 인력, 예산, 관심의 부족을 언급하였다. 학교 외부공간은 안전한 놀이공간 확보, 식물교육공간 확보, 수업실습공간 확보, 휴식공간 제공을 위해 관리되어야 한다. 학습 지원하는 장소이자 놀이공간 및 휴식 공간으로서의 역할을 담당해야 하며 이를 위해 벤치, 퍼골라, 야외교실, 생태연못, 텃밭, 화단 등의 시설이 포함되어야 한다. 교과서에 등장하는 식물과 계절감을 느낄 수 있으며, 그늘을 제공하는 식물유형을 식재하며 식물 표찰을 설치하여 식물 정보를 제공하여 학습 효과를 도모할 수 있다. 교사는 외부공간의 관리가 학생들에게 교육적, 정서적 효과가 있을 것으로 기대하고 있다. 학교 공간 혁신에 대응하여 실내 공간과 유기적으로 연계하여 교육적, 정서적 효과를 달성할 수 있도록 외부공간에 대한 지속적 관리가 이루어져야 한다. 이를 위해 예산과 인력의 확보 및 이를 지원할 정책의 뒷받침이 마련되어야 할 것이다.