• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.343-348
• /
• 2003

We have investigated in detail the operating properties of Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors with a double conical and a cylindrical structure in a wide range of external fields and GEM voltages. With the double conical GEM, the gain gradually increased with time by 10%; whereas this surface charging was eliminated with the cylindrical GEM. Effective gains above 1000 were easily observed over a wide range of collection field strengths in a gas mixture of $Ar/CO_2(70/30)$. The transparency and electron collection efficiency were found to depend on the ratio of external field and the applied GEM voltage; the mutual influence of both drift and collection fields was found to be trivial.

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국의학물리학회 2003년도 제27회 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.71-71
• /
• 2003

The study on magnetic field combined radiation therapy, as a new technique to modify the dose distributions using external magnetic field, has been investigated. The goal of the study is to develop the techniques for dose localization, as a particle beam, from the strong magnetic fields. In this study, in order to study the principle of dose deposition in external fields, as a basic approach, we have calculated approximately the paths of traveling electrons in water under external magnetic fields with numerical methods. The calculations are performed for a primary particle by cumulating the steps which are defined as small path lengths which energy loss can be ignored. In this calculation, the energy loss and direction change for a step was calculated by using total stopping power and Lorentz force equation respectively. We have examined the deflected paths of the electron through water as a function of external magnetic field and incident electron s energy. Since we did not take account of the multiple scattering effects for electrons through water, there are errors in this calculation. However, from the results we can explain the principle of dose variation and dose focusing for electron beams under strong magnetic fields in water.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.261-261
• /
• 2007

Wearable and ubiquitous micro systems will be greatly growing and their related devices should be self-powered in order to avoid the replacement of finite power sources, for example, by scavenging energy from the environment. With ever reducing power requirements of both analog and digital circuits, power scavenging approaches are becoming increasingly realistic. One approach is to drive an electromechanical converter from ambient motion or vibration. Vibration-driven generators based on electromagnetic, electrostatic and piezoelectric technologies have been demonstrated. Among various generator types proposed so far, piezoelectric generator possesses considerable potential in micro system. To overcome low mechanical-to- electric energy conversion, the piezoelectric device should activate in resonance mode in response to external vibration. Normally, the external vibration excretes at low frequency ranging 0.1 to 200 Hz, whereas the resonant frequencies of the devices are fixed as constant. Therefore, keeping their resonant mode in varying external vibration can be one of important points in enhancing the conversion efficiency. We investigated the possibility of use of multi-bender type piezoelectric devices. To match the external vibration frequency with the device resonant frequency, the various devices with different resonant frequency were chosen. Under an external vibration acceleration of 0.1G at 120 Hz, the device exhibited a peak-to-peak voltage of 2.8 V and a power of 0.5 mw in resonance mode.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.87-92
• /
• 2016

Van der Pol 발진기는 비선형 제동 현상을 가진 비보존 발진기로서 높은 진폭에서의 에너지는 소산적이며 (dissipative)이고 낮은 진폭들에서는 생성되는 구조를 가진다. 본 논문에서는 Van Der Pol 발진기 모델에서 다른 거동을 확인하기 위하여 주기적 외력을 인가하고 여기에서 파라미터 변화에 따라 어떻게 리미트 사이클이 변화하는지에 대한 패턴을 확인하고자 한다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
• /
• 제13권9호
• /
• pp.786-790
• /
• 2000

This paper is concerned on the theoretical and experimental approaches of direct piezoelectric effect in the PVDF film. When a cantilever structure of PVDF film is bended by the external force, electric charges are concentrated on the electrode surface of the film due to the direct piezoelectric effect, and output voltage is induced from the terminals of the film. In this paper, a symbolic equation between the external force and the output voltage was introduced. Moreover, the theoretical output voltages were compared with the experimental results by falling balls, which were agreed well each other. This results can be useful in a warning system of abnormal pulse rate and breathing, and in detecting impact force and/or mechanical energy using bending of PVDF film.

• 한국기계가공학회지
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.38-45
• /
• 2009

Recently, LCD Backlight Unit is being replaced from cold cathode fluorescent lamp(CCFL) to external electrode fluorescent lamp(EEFL) because the EEFL has high energy efficiency and long life. Also, it can reduce energy consumption and weight. So far, external electrode ring for EEFL is produced by sheet metal press forming process. Therefore it had low precision and much material loss. To solve these problems, Multi-Forming process that has five step forming process was invented. However, low productivity is another barrier. Product speed that is controlled by the rotational speed cannot be increased due to the unsatisfied design specification. The reason is that the gap between rolled two edge parts of the sheet plate is tightly inspected. Regarding this factor, the understanding of forming behavior to each process is inevitable. This paper describes the CAE analysis of the multi-forming process by PAM-STAMP.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제47권6호
• /
• pp.719-728
• /
• 2015

Following the Fukushima accident, a special safety inspection was conducted in Korea. The inspection results show that Korean nuclear power plants have no imminent risk for expected maximum potential earthquake or coastal flooding. However long- and short-term safety improvements do need to be implemented. One of the measures to increase the mitigation capability during a prolonged station blackout (SBO) accident is installing injection flow paths to provide emergency cooling water of external sources using fire engines to the steam generators or reactor cooling systems. This paper illustrates an evaluation of the effectiveness of external cooling water injection strategies using fire trucks during a potential extended SBO accident in a 1,000 MWe pressurized water reactor. With regard to the effectiveness of external cooling water injection strategies using fire engines, the strategies are judged to be very feasible for a long-term SBO, but are not likely to be effective for a short-term SBO.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.37-52
• /
• 2019

Despite its success and wide application, base isolation system has been challenged for its passive nature, i.e., incapable of working with versatile external loadings. This is particularly exaggerated during near-source earthquakes and earthquakes with dominate low-frequency components. To address this issue, many efforts have been explored, including active base isolation system and hybrid base isolation system (with added controllable damping). Active base isolation system requires extra energy input which is not economical and the power supply may not be available during earthquakes. Although with tunable energy dissipation ability, hybrid base isolation systems are not able to alter its fundamental natural frequency to cope with varying external loadings. This paper reports an overview of new adventure with aim to develop adaptive base isolation system with controllable stiffness (thus adaptive natural frequency). With assistance of the feedback control system and the use of smart material technology, the proposed smart base isolation system is able to realize real-time decoupling of external loading and hence provides effective seismic protection against different types of earthquakes.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2019년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.133-134
• /
• 2019

As part of recent low-energy policies, thermal insulation standards for buildings are being tightened every year. The importance of external insulation methods is increasing due to the strengthening of insulation standards. Among the main materials used in the external insulation method, dry bit material is a finishing material composed of an organic binder and aggregate. When the fire occurs, the ignition of the surface part causes a direct fire on the thermal insulation material at the rear side when heat energy is concentrated. Therefore, it is important that the finishing material in dry insulation using a dry bit has a low fire spreading property in case of a fire and does not have a sustained combustion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fire spreadability by changing the internal fillers while using alkoxide-based acrylic emulsions, hybrid acrylic emulsions, and general acrylic emulsions in order to suppress the fire spreading properties of exterior finish materials.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국원자력학회 2004년도 추계학술발표회 발표논문집
• /
• pp.321-322
• /
• 2004