• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.159-174
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine whether the entrepreneurship education through team learning positively influences the effectiveness of team learning and the satisfaction of entrepreneurship curriculum. To do this, we analyzed the questionnaire data of 149 students who took the entrepreneurship course that was conducted by the team learning method focused on problem solving task among the entrepreneurship courses opened in the venture autonomous major. First, we examined the effect of team learning effectiveness and entrepreneurial education satisfaction on the effectiveness of the team learning by individual's intention for startup, diversity of team members, and supporting activities of assistants as independent variables. For this, hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to examine whether independent variables influenced the effectiveness of team learning, and whether the effectiveness of team learning mediates between these independent variables and entrepreneurial education satisfaction. The results of this study support the hypothesis that supporting activities of assistants will influence team learning effectiveness. However, the hypothesis that individual's intention for startup or team diversity influences team learning effectiveness was rejected. On the other hand, the results of the regression analysis show that individual's intention for startup has a significant effect on the satisfaction of entrepreneurship education. In addition, the effectiveness of team learning was found to be influential on the educational satisfaction, and it was verified that the effectiveness of team learning was mediating between the supporting activities of assistants and the satisfaction of entrepreneurship education. Especially, as a result of the hierarchical regression analysis, it was found that the significance of the supporting activities of assistants decreased remarkably. This suggests that the mediating path that affects the satisfaction of entrepreneurship education is very meaningful through the effectiveness of the team learning although the supporting activities of assistants are partially mediated. As a result of this study, it was found that the supporting activities of assistants are important in the team learning entrepreneurship education and it is also confirmed that the individual's intention for startup is also important. Especially, supporting activities of assistants were found to be an important factor affecting the satisfaction of entrepreneurship education through the effectiveness of team learning. Therefore, I think that it is essential to designing a practical education course that meets individual's intention for startup in the entrepreneurship education of university students and networking with the participation of internal and external experts or entrepreneurs. In addition, I think that it is necessary to think more thoughtfulness about the composition of team members in the team learning, and to provide more meticulous support to the effectiveness of the team learning.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.298-303
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• 2014

In this study, we examine the trends and types of incidents frequently occur during radiation therapy by using the data from the radiation oncology safety information system (ROSIS), according to discovery method explores the development direction of future research accident cause factor control method. This study was carried out analysis of incident data in ROSIS nearly 1163 cases in last 11 years from 2003 to 2013. We categorized into treatment methods, found the time, discoverer of occupations and finding ways to analyze the data. Then, we calculate the percentage and the classification for each item. About 1163 cases of incident cases including the near miss cases, external radiation therapy, brachytherapy and other were 97%, 2% and 1%. In the case was improperly planned dose delivery was 44% (497 cases) which 429 cases (86%) was found before 3 fractions and 13 cases were found after 11 fractions. The investigation was found to be distributed in various a found times. Approximately 42% of found time was during treatment and 29% of patients were found the problem during inspection chart. Occupation to discover the most radiation accidents was the radiation therapist (53%) who works in treatment room. Among 1163 incidence cases, 24% cases were found the accident before the treatment, therefore most of accident were found after of during the treatment (70%, 813 cases). This trend is acquired through ROSIS analysis, is expected to be not significantly different in the case of Korea, so it is necessary more diverse and systematic research for the prevention and early detection by using the ROSIS data.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.211-219
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• 2004

Yew (Taxus cuspidata Sieb.) chose that grow as medicine, food, decorative plant in Korea's Kyong-Gi province surroundings. Extracts of yew extracted leaf of 250g and stems of 300g with 1,3-butylene glycol (l,3-BG), propylene glycol (PG) and water. As results, external appearance of leaf extract of yew was slightly brown clear extract. The pH was 5.3${\pm}$0.5, and specific gravity was 1.012${\pm}$0.05, and refractive index was l.375${\pm}$0.05. Also, appearance of stem's extract was slightly brown clear extract, and the pH was 5.4${\pm}$0.5, and specific gravity was 1.016${\pm}$0.05, and refractive index was 1.358${\pm}$0.05. Oil of yew separated from seeds, and extracted polysaccharide high purity from fruits. As a result, specific gravity of oil was 0.987, and obtained 40.0% of yield. Total polyphenols amount of yew extract is detected 0.563% in leaves, 0.325% in stems, whereas total tannins amount contained 0.054% and 0.037% each in leaves and stems. As effect in cosmetics, the anti-oxidative effect by DPPH method is 75.0% in leaves, and stems was 64.0%. Collagen synthesis rate was shown high activity by 54.16% in stem's extract, 33.18% in leaves' extract. Also, PPE-inhibitory activities were 13.7% and 23.5% each in leaves and stems. Anti-inflammatory effect of yew seed oil displayed superior effect of 41% than control. Polysaccharide's molecular weight that is gotten from fruits was 5${\times}$10$^4$-3${\times}$10$\^$5/ dalton, and got 20.0${\pm}$5% of yield.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.28-48
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• 2001

1. Background and Purpose Since ${\ulcorner}$Dongri Sasang Shinpyun${\lrcorner}$ was published in 1929, it had great effects on the publications related to Sasang Constitutional Medicine. However there had been no practical research or its applications about ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Sasang Shinpyun${\lrcorner}$ at all in spite of its importance. So through the study on the ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Sasang Shinpyun${\lrcorner}$ we highly intend to utilize the book. 2. Methods In this dissertation, you'll find our research of ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Sasang Shinpyun${\lrcorner}$ regarding the author, the people who were involved in the publishing, the formations and the contents, our another research of ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Sasang Shinpyun Chebang${\lrcorner}$(東醫四象新編劑方) to make its medical characteristics and meaning clear. 3. Results and Conclusion 1) Won Chi Sang was Chang Bong Young's granduncle's son-in-law. Nam Dae-hee is suspected of Nam Tae-hee who lived in YeoJu Bam Gol at that time though, it's not certain. 2) ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Sasang Shinpyun${\lrcorner}$ is consisted of two pans. ${\ulcorner}$The Internal part${\lrcorner}$ is the basic explanation and ${\ulcorner}$The External part${\lrcorner}$, is the prescriptions depending on the symptoms. ${\ulcorner}$Sasang Byunron${\lrcorner}$,(四象辯論) is mostly that's for the explanations about analysis of Sasang Constitution. ${\ulcorner}$Sasang Kyunghum${\lrcorner}$(四象經驗) is mainly it's for the prescriptions depends on Sasangin's symptoms. ${\ulcorner}$Sasang Kukyul${\lrcorner}$(四象口訣), ${\ulcorner}$Tong Sasang Changbu Sochaedo${\lrcorner}$(通四象臟腑所在圖), ${\ulcorner}$Tong Sasang Chunche Sosokdo${\lrcorner}$(通四象全體所屬圖) are about the analysis of Sasangin's characteristics from metaphysical concepts to Changbustic concepts. In ${\ulcorner}$Sasangin oyak${\lrcorner}$(四象人要藥), among them, 10 types of medicines were categorized separately by constitutional difference in ${\ulcorner}$Dongui Sasang Shinpyun${\lrcorner}$ and ${\ulcorner}$Dongmu Youg${\lrcorner}$(東武遺槁). The unique style of ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Sasang Yongyak Huebun${\lrcorner}$(東醫四象用藥索分) is originated from ${\ulcorner}$Bangyak Happyun${\lrcorner}$ ${\ulcorner}$Euibang Whaltu${\lrcorner}$(${\ulcorner}$方藥合編${\lrcorner}$${\ulcorner}$醫方活套${\lrcorner}$), ${\ulcorner}$Whaltu Chimsun${\lrcorner}$,(${\ulcorner}$方藥合編${\lrcorner}$ ${\ulcorner}$活套鎭線${\lrcorner}$). 3) There are 293 prescriptions in ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Sasang Shinpyun Chebang${\lrcorner}$. 36 out of 44 prescriptions in ${\ulcorner}$Gapont${\lrcorner}$(甲午本) are quoted in ${\ulcorner}$kyunghumbang${\lrcorner}$. Therefore it could be very possible that those unknown prescriptions in ${\ulcorner}$Kyunghumbang${\lrcorner}$ can be from lee Je Ma. 4) We are assumed that ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Sasang Shinpyun${\lrcorner}$ was made by some other doctors not from one single person, based on Lee Je Ma's prescriptions, after Lee Je Ma died. ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Sasang Shinpyun${\lrcorner}$ is very different from ${\ulcorner}$Dongeyi Suse Bowon${\lrcorner}$, ${\ulcorner}$Dongmu Yougo${\lrcorner}$(東武遺稿). ${\ulcorner}$Chobonkwun${\lrcorner}$(草本卷) by lee Je Ma since it was published for utilizing Sasang Constitutional Medicine and medical practice not for the basic principles of Sasang Constitution by Lee Je Ma. Therefore it could be highly possible to look over the spirit of Sasang Constitution by lee Je-ma.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1977.06a
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• pp.4.4-5
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• 1977

The vibratory energy introduced into the external ear canal is changed by the mechanical factors of eardrum itself, the motility of ossicles, and the air cushion of tympanic cavity and the like. This study was designed to investigate the volume of middle ear cavity and mastoid air cell system as a factor of determining the accoustic impedance of middle ear system. The author studied how the increase in air volume of middle ear cavity effects on the acoustic impedance of middle ear system with dogs' ears and researched the correlation between the degree of pneumatization of temporal bones and the acoustic impedance of middle ear system by comparing the radiological findings of pneumatization (Law's and Towne's projection) with the acoustic impedance measurements with Madsen ZO 70. The result is as follows: 1 The tympanometric findings in control state revealed the curves of type A, and did not change in its configuration by the increase in the air volume of dogs middle ear system. 2. The static compliance of middle ear revealed a distinct and linear increase in proportion to the increase in air volume of middle ear system; the rate of increase was $0.05{\pm}0.02$ cc of static compliance per cc of air volume. 3. Authenticated in the above result and the tendency to increase in static compliance in proportion to the increase in the degree of pneumatization of temporal bones, there was significant regression equation between the degree of pneumatization of temporal bones (x variable) and the static compliance of middle ear system; $y=0.19x{\pm}0.16{\pm}0.05$ It is suggested that the difference in volume of middle ear system plays an important role in the change of the static compliance of middle ear, and the author concludes that the measurement of static compliance of middle ear has clinical value as diagnostic means of evaluating the degree of pneumatization of temporal bones along with some radiological examination.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.459-466
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• 2011

To investigate optimum temperature for storage of fresh ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer), the quality of the ginseng was compared during its storage at $-3^{\circ}C$, $-1.5^{\circ}C$ and $0^{\circ}C$. The deterioration rate of fresh ginseng stored at $-3^{\circ}C$ was the lowest for 8 weeks after storage. The rate was rapidly increased after that time and the rate at $-3^{\circ}C$ was higher than that of fresh ginseng stored at $-1.5^{\circ}C$ or $0^{\circ}C$ after the 12th week of storage. The deterioration severity of the fresh ginseng stored at $0^{\circ}C$ was much higher than that of the ginseng stored at $-1.5^{\circ}C$ and $-3^{\circ}C$. The weight loss of fresh ginseng ranged from 0.7---- to 1.6---- after 16th week; it was the lowest in the ginseng stored at $-1.5^{\circ}C$ and similar in fresh ginseng stored at $0^{\circ}C$ and $-3^{\circ}C$. The number of viable cells and molds in the fresh ginseng stored at $-3^{\circ}C$ was smaller than the fresh ginseng that was stored at other temperatures for 12 weeks, but did not differ with different storage temperatures after the 14th week of storage. The surface color of the fresh ginseng at $0^{\circ}C$ or $-1.5^{\circ}C$ was changed little while the discoloration of fresh ginseng at $-3^{\circ}C$ was relatively great. The electrolytic leakage from the rhizome of the fresh ginseng stored at $-3^{\circ}C$ was higher than that of the rhizome stored at $-1.5^{\circ}C$ and $0^{\circ}C$. The overall sensory quality of the fresh ginseng dropped below 3.0 in the S-point scale after the 10th week of storage at $-3^{\circ}C$ and after the 14th week of storage at $-1.5^{\circ}C$ and $0^{\circ}C$ (p<0.05).

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.44 no.9
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• pp.25-33
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• 2007

In this paper, the high isolation and wideband 94 GHz MIMIC(Millimeter-wave Monolithic Integrated Circuit) single balanced cascode mixer was designed and fabricated. Also, we designed and fabricated a 3 dB tandem coupler which has a high isolation and wideband characteristic. The single balanced resistive mixer which does not require an external IF balun was designed using the 0.1 ${\mu}m$ InGaAs/InAlAs/GaAs metamorphic HEMT(High Electron Mobility Transistor). The DC characteristics of MHEMT's are 665 mA/mm of drain current density, 691 mS/mm of maximum transconductance. The current gain cut-off frequency($f_T$) is 189 GHz and the maximum oscillation frequency($f_{max}$) is 334 GHz. A 94 GHz single balanced cascode mixer was fabricated using our 0.1 ${\mu}m$ MHEMT MIMIC process. From the measurements, the fabricated couplers showed wideband characteristics. The conversion loss of single balanced cascode mixer was 9.8 dB at an LO power of 10.9 dBm. The LO to RF isolation of single balanced cascode mixer was 29.5 dB at 94 GHz. We obtained in this study a higher LO-RF isolation compared to some other single balanced mixers.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.132-159
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• 1994

The taxonomic revision of the family Congridae was made based on the specimens collected from the south-western coasts of the Korea from June 1988 to Oct. 1993. The family Congridae was classified into 8 species belonging to 6 genera. based on the external and internal morphological characters : Anago anago, Ariosoma anagodies, Ariosoma shiroanago shiroanago, Conger myriaster, Conger japonicus, Gnathophis nystromi nystromi, Rhechias retrotincta and Uroconger lepturus. Among the species reported as the congrid eels from Korea until now, four species were transferred into different generic or specific name Conger flavirostris into Ariosoma anagoides ; Astroconger myriaster into Conger myriaster ; Congrina retrotincta into Rhechias retrotincta and Rhynchocymba nystromi into Gnathophis nystromi nystromi. A Korean congrid eel, Ariosoma shiroanago shiroanago, was reported for first time in Korea. Intergeneric characters of the family Congridae were the form of the lateralline scales, the state of the tip of tail, the segmented state of the dorsal and anal fin rays, the existance of the supraoccipital bone and of lateral ethmoid process of the skull, the origin of dorsal fin and the forms of upper labial flange. The interspecific classification was made according to the characters such as the numbers of sensory pores of head part and in front of vent, teeth rows and numbers of upper and lower jaw, the numbers of vertebrae, the body color, the shapes of the head part, the color of intestine, the size of eye, the structure of air bladder and the number of branchiostegal rays. A new key on the taxonomical characteristics to the genera and species of the family Congridae has been estabilished and their distribution in Korea is described.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 1995

All agricultural crops and products should be cultured, harvested, handled and processed by the proper mechanical methods in the mechanized farming systems. Agricultural crops might be injured or deformed through various working stages due to static or dynamic forces of machines. Mechanical forces had to be applied with proper degrees to the agricultural crops in incoincidence with properties of crops without any damage of crops so as to increase the work efficiency qualitatively. Knowledges of mechanical properties of agricultural materials are essential to prevent of agricultural crops in relation with mechanical farming system. This study was carried out to examine and analyze the creep behavior of the rice stalk on growing and harvesting periods by mechanical model with computer measurement system in radial directional compressive force and bending force. The creep behavior of the rice stalk could be predicted precisely and its results approached closely to the measured values. The creep behaviors were increased greatly with increase of compressive force, namely, the steady state creep behavior occurred at the force less then 25N and the logarithmic creep behavior at the force bigger than 30N. The instantaneous elastic modulus $E_o$ and the retardation time ${\tau}_K$ were increased together with increase of applied forces, meanwhile the retarded elastic modulus $E_r$ and viscosity ${\eta}_v$ were decreased with increase of applied forces in mechanical model being expected the creep behavior in relation with the level of applied forces, which was well explained that the rice stalk might be visvo-elastic material. In the creep test along the stalk portion with compressive force and bending force, the intermediate portion showed greatest values and also the lower portion showed the least values, which implied that the intermediate portions of rice stalk were very weak. The steady state creep behavior occured at the intermediate portion and the upper portion in the rice stalk at the compressive force larger than 25.0N, which showed the possibility of injury due to external forces.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.22
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• pp.137-165
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• 2007

It seems high time to increase productivity by adopting e-business to overcome challenges posed by both external factors including the appreciation of Korean won, oil hikes and fierce global competition and domestic issues represented by disparities between large corporations and small and medium enterprises (SMEs), Seoul metropolitan and local cities, and export and domestic demand all of which weaken future growth engines in the Korean economy. The demands of the globalization era are for innovative changes in businessprocess and industrial structure aiming for creating new values. To this end, e-business is expected to play a core role in the sophistication of the Korean economy through new values and innovation. In order to examine business performance in e-business-adopting industries, this study analyzed the home shopping industry by closely looking into the financial ratios including the ratio of net profit to sales, the ratio of operation income to sales, the ratio of gross cost to sales cost, the ratio of gross cost to selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expense, and return of investment (ROI). This study, for best outcome, referred to corporate financial statements as a main resource to calculate financial ratios by utilizing Data Analysis, Retrieval and Transfer System (DART) of the Financial Supervisory Service, one of the Korea's financial supervisory authorities. First of all, the result of the trend analysis on the ratio of net profit to sales is as following. CJ Home Shopping has registered a remarkable increase in its ratio of net profit rate to sales since 2002 while its competitors find it hard to catch up with CJ's stunning performances. This is partly due to the efficient management compared to CJ's value of capital. Such significance, if the current trend continues, will make the front-runner assume the largest market share. On the other hand, GS Home Shopping, despite its best organized system and largest value of capital among others, lacks efficiency in management. Second of all, the result of the trend analysis on the ratio of operation income to sales is as following. Both CJ Home Shopping and GS Home Shopping have, until 2004, recorded similar growth trend. However, while CJ Home Shopping's operating income continued to increase in 2005, GS Home Shopping observed its operating income declining which resulted in the increasing income gap with CJ Home Shopping. While CJ Home Shopping with the largest market share in home shopping industryis engaged in aggressive marketing, GS Home Shopping due to its stability-driven management strategies falls behind CJ again in the ratio of operation income to sales in spite of its favorable management environment including its large capital. Companies in the Group B were established in the same year of 2001. NS Home Shopping was the first in the Group B to shift its loss to profit. Woori Home Shopping has continued to post operating loss for three consecutive years and finally was sold to Lotte Group in 2007, but since then, has registered a continuing increase in net income on sales. Third of all, the result of the trend analysis on the ratio of gross cost to sales cost is as following. Since home shopping falls into sales business, its cost of sales is much lower than that of other types of business such as manufacturing industry. Since 2002 in gross costs including cost of sales, SG&A expense, and non-operating expense, cost of sales turned out to have remarkably decreased. Group B has also posted a notable decline in the same sector since 2002. Fourth of all, the result of the trend analysis on the ratio of gross cost to SG&A expense is as following. Due to its unique characteristics, the home shopping industry usually posts ahigh ratio of SG&A expense. However, more than 80% of SG&A expense means the result of lax management and at the same time, a sharp lower net income on sales than other industries. Last but not least, the result of the trend analysis on ROI is as following. As for CJ Home Shopping, the curve of ROI looks similar to that of its investment on fixed assets. As it turned out, the company's ratio of fixed assets to operating income skyrocketed in 2004 and 2005. As far as GS Home Shopping is concerned, its fixed assets are not as much as that of CJ Home Shopping. Consequently, competition in the home shopping industry, at the moment, is among CJ, GS, Hyundai, NS and Woori Home Shoppings, and all of them need to more thoroughly manage their costs. In order for the late-comers of Group B and other home shopping companies to advance further, the current lax management should be reformed particularly on their SG&A expense sector. Provided that the total sales volume in the Internet shopping sector is projected to grow over 20 trillion won by the year 2010, it is concluded that all the participants in the home shopping industry should put strategies on efficient management on costs and expenses as their top priority rather than increase revenues, if they hope to grow even further after 2007.