• Architectural research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.29-40
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• 2022

The transition from manufacturing to service-based economies in highly developed societies during the post-industrial period resulted in the decline of the industrial landscape, leaving it abandoned or underutilized. In pursuit of revitalizing the obsolete industrial space, innovative design techniques based on adaptive reuse are applied to retrofit modern functions to create a new cultural space and preserve the historical, symbolic, and cultural importance of the abandoned industrial facilities. Design considerations based on facade redesign have proven to be one of the most adopted techniques that can help in recreating a new function for the vacant industrial buildings and integrating them into the present-day urban fabric. This paper examines the facade renovation elements used for the adaptive reuse of 15 abandoned industrial buildings presently used as multi-purpose facilities in South Korea. Through a questionnaire survey, this study analyzes the respondents' preference for different facade renovation elements in the 15 sites according to age and gender. The study found that both genders showed similar preference patterns between most elements. But on some elements, females were keener and expressed a stronger opinion than males. There were much more females than males who perceived color and material as the most important exterior elements. The findings of this study can be used for the adaptive reuse of industrial buildings according to user preferences for different facade renovation elements.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.15-23
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to suggest a proper plan about the exterior space of elementary school in Korea through analyzing the various factors of the exterior spaces in foreign elementary school case. because the foreign cases have diversified eco-friendly certification standards on the elementary school unlike Korean cases. Method: First, we review the recent eco-friendly research trends of elementary schools and the external space characteristics of elementary schools that are currently being studied through related literary surveys, And we review the korean criteria factor for eco-friendly certification, we draw the types of exterior space thorough analysis framework, using the korean criteria factor. Second, the foreign cases of the elementary school were chosen, and then some planning data such as architecture scheme, design concepts and drawings will be collected. So the data were analysed and then the characteristics of physical setting and eco-friendly certification standards will be drawn. Third, We analyzed the characteristics and factor of physical and eco-friendly of exterior space through the drawn types. Result: The various physical settings are appeared physical environment. when we analyzed certification factors at korean eco-friendly standards, the suggestion and guide about the eco-friendly elements than the numerical goals were treated importantly in Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.293-301
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• 2013

Through 1960 and 1970s, there had been constant endeavor in order to succeed the korean traditional architectural heritages. Among those efforts Ahn Yung Bae's book "Exterior Space in Traditional Korean Architecture"presented unique methodology utilizing abstraction of space and movement of subject. His method doesn't refer traditional form of architecture. He ignores formal elements. Instead, he reads space through subject's movement and this reading act creates meaning of space. So, he constructed knowledge not about the object of traditional architecture but the subject of today. Ahn's book opens new discourse based on traditional korean architecture. His analyses didn't deal with the form of traditional space, but the experiences of observer. However many historical documents related to architecture had not been interpreted until nineties and the succession of heritage became to be broken by modernity through 20th century. In this situation his book showed the unavoidable method, that is, the modernization of tradition.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 2014

This research progressed space evaluation test with 3D simulation for exterior space of detached housing area among the Seoul spaces of child sex offense in 2010. Based on changing analysis on natural surveillance by spatial changes of each physical element, the purpose is to suggest effective construction planning measure for preventing child sex offense. The results of research are as follows. First, natural surveillance of space's height differences and width differences were compared and analyzed. As the result, footpath shows that stairs of slope didn't make lots of effects on visual block, not block of spatial moving, because of the difference of stair height. Also, in case of parking space, visual connection with footpath is expanded when designing pilotis rather than heightening floor height, so activities of exterior people could be seen more easily. Therefore, natural surveillance was higher. Second, natural surveillance of architectural elements by changes of footpath' width was compared and analyzed. As the result, openness of footpath should be secured rather than openness of architectural element. And, planning autonomy of architectural form could be more expanded when securing openness of footpath.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.184-193
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• 2009

In recent years, the architectural interest in the apartment design has been getting focused on qualitative improvement and design differentiation. Especially the facade design differentiation is one of the most important elements in this matter. The purpose of this study is to provide the basic informations that can be referenced when architects are dealing with exterior design by analyzed design types and characteristics of apartment entrances. Target apartment of this study was whasung dongtan the 2nd phase new city districts which was planned to solve a housing shortage in the capital region. Having examined eleven pilot districts, four 1st construction areas, and eight 2nd construction areas, - total 23 complexes - 282 apartment entrances in 212 apartment buildings were carefully researched. Apartment entrance design can be divided into 15 different design elements: design types and combination types, direction, shape, height, approach types, exterior wall finishes of entrance, exterior wall finishes of lower parts of apartment, handrail types of slope, floor finishes of slope, distribution ratio of piloti, ceiling height of piloti, floor finishes of piloti, space use of piloti, window establishment between piloti and elevator hall, landscape elements of piloti. Design characteristics of building entrances were also analyzed in 4 groups (I, II, III, IV) divided by construction contractors ranking. In conclusion, first, design types and combination types can be classified into 15 different kinds, and the group I and II tend to show wider variety of entrance combinations. Secondly, the height and volume of extrude entrance type tend to increase in the group I and II. Third, the spatial configuration of pilotis appears to show more of 'pass + store + break' rather than 'access', as we get closer to the group I.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.8 no.2 s.19
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• pp.59-72
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to find the spatial factors, strucure of living and activity in traditional Korean house through the Phiysiological view, Spatial factors of the house are concerned to the interior environment and sanitary condition, The elements of respiratory, nerve, temperature sence. vision, hearing, smelling have good condition and touch, pressure sence, pain, metabolism are poor in the house, Ventilation, Lighting, pleasant condition of interior environment are concerned to the elements that mentioned above and have most important meaning in the relation rate of space as 1st factor. And 2nd factor is for metabolism, housework and rest, 3rd factor ie for temperature sence, privacy and reproduction. The relation rate of factors concering interior environment are high in the upper class house. Anbang has important meaning in the relation of living structure and relation sequence of space is anbang, Konnonbang, kitchen, toilet, water place, auxiliary buildings. The relation rate of activity is high in interior space in winter and exterior space in summer.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.152-160
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• 2011

Contemporary architecture pursues new method of Interpretation of Non-linear space as digital media appears. As various materials and new methods can be used due to developments in science and expansion of thinking, contemporary architectural color developed extensive possibilities. It means not only the change of drawings, method of architectural product and materials but also the change of value system for architectural space. Thus the purpose of this paper is to suggest interpretation of space applied by color structure, and this point of view was based on the three elements of color perception which are light source, reflector, and observer. According to this categorization, architectural color of exterior color, layer color and interaction color are explained via examples of colors recently used on the contemporary architectures. In summary, contemporary architecture can be explained by Non-construction space interpretation for intrinsic complex meanings. Therefore, it can be explained as moving space, collage, by picturesque space, moving blur color and emptiness of color. This pursues various point of views for space interpretation, therefore it can be developed to the identity of strengthening architectures' design concept.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.7 no.1 s.14
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• pp.31-48
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• 1998

Soengyo-jang has some characteristics as the most great house, the special functions, and the non-regional type of house form. And it has constructed continuously for two centuries by many owners in the different generations, It needs a special research method ; which are consist of a) comprehension of background information from documents and oral instructed materials, b) pursuit of design process through the building survey, and c) theoretical interpretation about 'collectivism'. From the results of this research, it is revealed that the architectural purpose of this house was constructing 'a great manor'. At first phase, it had been a single ordinary house, at second, it had expanded to a complex including many housing clusters, and finally became to expand its dwelling territory into whole village. Its expansion was progressed by the four collecting phases of which were building, building cluster, group of clusters, and topological setting. Main design elements operated in each of collecting phases ; they were partial element of , exterior spaces of , a linear building of , and a pavilion of . The last two elements were also powerful datum.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.205-213
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• 2019

In the Pohang Earthquake in 2017, considerable damage to non-structural elements, such as ceiling systems, exterior finishes, and curtain walls, was reported; thus, the seismic designs of non-structural elements are important. In this study, the modal characteristics of a ceiling system were investigated through the impact hammer test. The frequency and damping ratio according to the length of the hanger bolt were identified. In addition, collision experiments were conducted to obtain the impact duration for exactly considering the impact effects of the ceiling against a wall or other adjacent elements. Based on the identified dynamics and impact duration of the ceiling system, the seismic responses of the ceiling system were obtained numerically in case of collision. Numerical simulation results show that the impact load tends to increase with the clearance between the ceiling and adjacent elements, and is not correlated with the length of the hanger bolt.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.9
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• pp.57-66
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• 1996

Sir John Sonae(1753-1837) was the most original English architect of 19c. his extremely personal style is superficially neo-classical but, romantic or ' picturesque' in its complicated and unexpected spatial interplay. The Soane's style was one of the curiosities of European architecture. Sir John Soane, like mackintosh, was best known for his interior spaces. He used his own house as a laboratory of spatial experimentation to develop his spatial ideas. The objective of this study was to examine his architectural style through his various architectural works and analyze . The Soane's Museum (his house, No.12.13.14 Lincoln's Inn Fields. London, UK) in order to find inter design elements which represent the best of Soane's interior design effects. As a result , this study found that Soane held no theories as to proportion . It gives the conditon of the building's freedom. He shows the ' primitivism facade and the simple neoclassical symmetry exterior arrangement. As interior design elements he used the layered structure, the natural skylight, the pendentive dome, the space in space, the pictures que style. These elements create magical interior space of the Sonane's Museum. THe spatial intrigue is further enhanced by various degrees of lighting that additionally emphasize the three-dimensional quality of the object loaded walls and piers. One can always look through to space beyond many individual object, both horizontally and vertically. These interior elements can be used for the modern interior design development in order to create the expansion of space and the territoriality of space.