• 한국안전학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.58-63
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• 1993

Recently, a large amount of flammable or explosive materials have been handled or stored in chemical industries. H the equipments fail or the materials release in consequence of operation errors, fire and explosion could occur to them. Thus, risk assessment using quantification of risks is very important when design of processes and modifications of installed processes are performed. The purpose of this study is to develop the program for fire and explosion index in order to quantify the expected damage of fire and explosion incidents in chemical plants, to identify equipment that would be likely to contribute to the creation or escalation of an incident, to comunicate the potential fire and explosion risk to management and to account of damage cost.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2024

본 논문에서는 확률론적 처리기법을 적용하여 플랜트 시설물의 폭발 재현주기에 따른 폭발 위험도를 분석하였다. HSE에서 제공하는 누출 데이터, DNV에서 제시한 플랜트당 연간 누출 빈도, 다양한 연구진이 제시한 점화 확률을 고려하여 누출량에 따른 폭발 재현주기를 산정하였다. 산정된 폭발 재현주기를 통해 폭발 위험도를 증기운의 부피 및 반경, 폭발하중에 대하여 평가하였다. 재현주기에 따른 증기운의 반경과 과거 실제 증기운 폭발 사례, 내폭설계 가이드라인을 비교 분석하여 설계폭발하중 모델을 위한 기준거리를 제시하였다. 멀티에너지법을 통하여 폭발 재현주기에 따른 폭발하중의 범위를 분석하였으며, 설계폭발하중 모델의 기준이 되는 재현주기를 제안하였다. 본 연구의 결과로 플랜트 시설물에 대한 성능기반 내폭설계의 간략한 표준안으로 활용이 가능하다.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2021

Recently, Korea has established a plan for the supply of hydrogen vehicles and is promoting the expansion of the supply. Risk factors for hydrogen vehicles are hydrogen leakage, jet fire, and explosion. Therefore Safety measures are necessary for this hazard. In addition, risks in semi-closed spaces such as tunnels, underground roads, and underground parking lots should be analyzed. In this study, an explosion experiment was conducted on a hydrogen tank used in a hydrogen vehicle to analyze the risk of a hydrogen vehicle explosion accident that may occur in a semi-closed space. As results, the effect on the structure and the human body was analyzed using the overpressure and impulse values for each distance generated during the explosion.

• 대한조선학회 특별논문집
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• 대한조선학회 2015년도 특별논문집
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• pp.69-73
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• 2015

An evaluation of the accidental limit state (ALS) for design of a semi-submersible drilling rig is one of the essential design requirements as well as ultimate limit state (ULS) and fatigue limit state (FLS). This paper describes the ALS evaluation on the explosion accident at shale shaker room of semi-submersible drilling rig. There are three steps for the ALS evaluation such as structural analysis at concept design, risk based safety design and structural analysis at detailed design. For the ALS evaluation at concept design, conceptual explosion overpressure from the Rule guided by the classification society was used in the structural analysis that was carried out using LS-DYNA. To set up the design accidental load (DAL), explosion analysis was carried out using FLACS taking safety barriers into consideration. Then, the structural analysis was carried out applying DAL for the ALS evaluation at detailed design. Through the ALS evaluation on the explosion at shale shaker room, the importance of the risk based safety design was described.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.62-69
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• 2023

화력발전소용 석탄에 대한 연소기술의 발전과 원가절감을 위해 저급탄의 사용량이 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 연소 시 수분에 의한 증발잠열 손실이 크고 탄을 저장하고 미분화하는 과정에서 자연발화와 분진의 폭발위험이 있다. 본 연구는 국내 D 발전사에서 채취한 석탄분진(coal powder)으로 Coal dust-fine, Coal dust-coarse, Wood pallet+organic dust 및 Wood chip 4종에 대한 최소폭발농도와 폭발강도를 비교 평가하였다. 석탄 분진의 최소폭발농도는 JIS Z 8818:2002에 따라 측정하였으며, 폭발강도는 Siwek 20 L Chamber Apparatus를 이용하여 ASTM E1226에 따라 실험을 실시하였다. 최소폭발농도 시험결과 coal dust-fine가 분진폭발 위험이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, wood chip의 분진농도 130 g/m³에서 폭발이 일어나므로 가장 낮은 분진농도에서 폭발의 위험이 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 분진폭발 등급 기준에 따르면 Kst가 200 bar m/s 이하로 모든 시료가 폭발등급 St 1등급에 해당되며, 폭발의 위험성이 약한 분진으로 평가되었다.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2014년도 제49회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.113-113
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• 2014

This study has been conducted for evaluation of qualitative/quantitative risk of HCNG filling station. In case of fire explosion occurred because of hydrogen, CNG, and HCNG leaking on same conditions, maximum overpressure was measured as 30kPa for hydrogen, 3.5kPa for HCNG, and 0.4kPa for CNG. The overpressure of HCNG was measured 7.75 times higher than that of CNG, but it was only 11.7% compared with hydrogen. When the explosion was occurred, in case of hydrogen, the measured influential distance of overpressure was 59m and radiant heat was 75m. In case of CNG, influential distance of overpressure was 89m and radiant heat was 144m would be estimated. In case of 30% HCNG that was blended with hydrogen and CNG, influential distance of overpressure was 81m and radiant heat was 130m were measured. As the explosion occurred with the same sized container that had 350bar for hydrogen and 250bar of CNG and HCNG, the damage distance that explosive overpressure and radiant heat influenced CNG was seen as the highest. HCNG that was placed between CNG and hydrogen tended to be seen as more similar with CNG.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

In the industrial field, various type of fuel have been used for product processing facilities. Recent for 10 years, the usage of natural gas (NG) was gradually increased. Because it has many merits; clean fuel, no transportation, storage facility and so on. There are common safety concept that strict explosion protection approaches are needed for facilities where explosive materials such as flammable liquid, vapor and gases exist. But some has an optimistic point of view that the lighter than air gases such as NG disperse rapidly, hence do not form explosion environment upon release into the atmosphere, many parts has a conventional safety point of view that those gases are also inflammable gases, hence can form explosion environment although the extent is limited and present. In this paper, the heating equipments (Hot Oil Heater) was reviewed and some risk management measures were proposed. These measures include hazardous area classification and explosion-proof provisions of electric apparatus, an early gas leak detection and isolation, ventilation system reliability, emergency response plan and training and so on. This study calculates Hazardous Area Classification using the hypothetical volume in the KS C IEC code.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.267-267
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• 2019

위험물 운반선에 적재된 물질에 화재나 폭발사고와 같은 선박사고가 발생하는 경우, 그 경로가 매우 복잡하기 때문에 사고의 원인을 추정하기가 어렵다. 이는 사고를 일으킨 원인에 대한 증거가 없거나, 선박 안에서 어떤 화학반응이 일어났는지를 시각적으로 파악하기 힘들기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 폭발사고를 야기시키는 화학물질에 화학반응식을 도입한 사건가지분석(Event Tree Analysis, ETA)기법을 적용하여 선박에 적재된 화학물의 화재사고 경로를 추정하는 연구를 하였다. 그 결과 다양한 화학반응식을 나타낼 수 있었으며, 그것을 ETA기법에 적용하여 폭발경로를 보다 시각화 할 수 있었다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.116-121
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• 1998

Various flammable vapors as energy source and raw material have been stored, transported in the industries, and accidental leakage of these vapors occurs occasionally. Without an appropriate protection system, flammable vapors can be ignited and serious damage results from them. To reduce the risk caused by explosion, we should know the explosion limit and explosion characteristics. In this study, the maximum explosion pressure, the maximum explosion pressure rise, the effect of temperature and mixing with other vapor were measured in a cylindrical vessel. Experimental results showed that maximum explosion pressure of flammable vapor was about 3.1~$4.2 kg/cm^2$ and it was reached 3.4 times faster than that at explosion limit. The lower explosion limit was coincided well with Le Chateilier's equation, however, upper explosion limit was not.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2011

화석연료의 고갈과 대기오염 문제의 부담을 덜어줄 수 있는 신에너지 및 재생에너지에 대한 관심이 증가하면서 현재 사용 중인 LPG 및 LNG 가스의 대체 (혼합)연료로, DME (dimethyl ether)와 수소를 혼합 (HCNG)하여 사용하는 방안이 추진되고 있다. 이와 같은 에너지원은 인화성 가스 폭발의 위험을 가지고 있기 때문에, 본 연구에서는 기존의 시설에서 이 혼합연료를 사용할 경우에 대비한 안전관리의 일환으로, 3가지 폭발피해 예측방법 (TNT 당량모델, PHAST 및 CFD기반의 FLACS)을 이용하여 정량적 위험성 평가를 실시하였다. 그리고 각 폭발모델에 의해 산출된 사고결과인 과압의 차이를 비교하였고, 폭발모델의 사용방안을 제시하였다. 그 결과, 기존의 2가지 충전소에서 신에너지 혼합연료를 사용할 경우에는 폭발에 의한 추가 피해는 없을 것으로 예상되었다.