• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.51-61
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• 2020

Ever since the Act on the Promotion of Industrial Education and Industry-Academic Cooperation (IAC) was enacted in 2003, domestic universities have been focusing on commercialization research that can be applied to basic research industries by collaborating with industry and government agencies. Despite these efforts, the ratio of technology transfer and commercialization through IAC is low. Most technology transfer and technology commercialization studies have derived core technologies by analyzing the applied patents. First, this study collected expired patents from major domestic universities, compared quality characteristics of the expired and live patents, and finally found key patents among expired patents in order to identify companies and fields of application to which the patents can be utilized. The results of the study focus on expired university patents in terms of methodology and present a framework to identify patents capable of continuous IAC and technology transfer and match them with those in need. The results of this study are expected to contribute to increasing the efficiency of technology commercialization.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.250-256
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• 1984

Eisenmenger syndrome is a condition which systemic arterial blood oxygen unsaturation occurs if obstruction in the pulmonary capillaries raises the pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure to or beyond systemic levels and then a significant right to left shunt develops across a preexisting cardiac septal defect or an aortopulmonary communication-We have experienced 3 cases of similar condition. Case I is 24 year old man who has had cyanosis and dyspnea on exertion since childhood. His pulmonary arterial pressure was 110/80mmHg. He was operated under diagnosis of the mitral stenosis and tetralogy of Fallot, but it was finally discovered that he had patent ductus arteriosus and ventricular defect was closed with perforated prosthetic patch, but the patient expired due to right heart failure low cardiac output. Case II was 16 year old female who had pulmonary hypertension of 110/85mmHg. She was diagnosed as Eisenmenger syndrome combining with atrial septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus. Case III was 20 year old male. His pulmonary arterial pressure was 110/70mmHg and the underlying defect was patent ductus arteriosus.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.67-76
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to set a direction for the development of men's underwear after analyzing current applications for patent regarding men's special-purpose underwear. In terms of a research method, the disclosed patents and utility models were investigated using the patent information database provided by Korea Institute of Patent Information (KIPRIS, http://www.kipris.or.kr). For this, the patents applied from 1990 to October 2015 were targeted. The keywords used for patent search were 'men's underwear' and 'men's special-purpose underwear.' When searched by the keywords above, a total of 1,089 cases were found. Except for expired or cancelled ones, 243 cases were investigated. Then, annual application trends, current registrations on literature records, classification of utility model right holders and contents by topic were analyzed. In terms of data analysis, frequency analysis, crosstabulation analysis and multiple response analysis were conducted, using SPSS 18.0. The results found the followings: In terms of annual application trends, the number of applications for patent started to gradually increase since 2007. Since 2011, it has rapidly increased. In terms of the number of patent registrations, literature registration was far higher than utility model registration. In terms of application rights, 'individually registered (58.8%)' was higher than 'registered by the organization (41.2%).' Among 243 cases, 'underwear (58%)' was the highest, followed by 'men's underwear-related items (29.2%)' and 'thermals (8.2%).' According to analysis on the details of the patent applied for men's underwear, 'penis-scrotum separation' was most focused, followed by 'disposable product' 'airy features,' 'scrotum protection' and 'structure of underwear.'

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.568-578
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• 2021

Patents that are research results from industry-university cooperation (IUC) are a source of innovation, and play an important role in economic growth, such as technology transfer and commercialization. For this reason, there are many efforts to revitalize IUC, but in general, company patents are achievements that can be commercialized, rather than research achievements, so not all patents are used for business, even after their creation as the outcome of IUC. Therefore, this research supports the design of measures in which IUC can ultimately be linked to successful utilization of patents by identifying the purposes of IUC, even after it has been successfully promoted, and patents have been filed as a result. To this end, first, the patents registered for industry-academia cooperation in the United States are collected, and second, a predictive model is designed, with unexpired and expired patents predicted using machine learning techniques. The final identified patents are intended to derive available factors in terms of marketability and technicality. This study is expected to help predict the utilization of unexpired and expired patents, and is expected to contribute to setting goals for research results from technical cooperation between corporate and university officials planning early IUC.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.28-32
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• 2019

Background: The purpose of this study was to collate inventors' improvements of air extraction cupping technology by reviewing patent applications in Korea. The cost of procurement and use of air extraction cupping devices are covered by health insurance. Methods: Patents registered in Korea for air extraction cupping devices from August 1992 to January 2018 (registration, expiration, rejection, abandonment, and disclosure) were analyzed to determine technology trends. The Korean patent search engine used was Kipris (www.kipris.or.kr). Results: Sixty-seven Korean patents for air extraction cupping devices were retrieved. Most patents focused on design of the top valve of the device, the device at the bottom, an internal device, and the disposable cupping glass. In total 17.9% of patents were registered and 64.2% were abolished [either from non-payment of registration fees (93%) or expiration of the patent after 10 years (7%)]. The average registration period was 3.7 years. Conclusion: The patents retrieved for this study focused on the development of the air exhaust valve, disposable cups, and skin adhesion maintenance technology in cupping devices that use air extraction. The average registration period was 3.7 years, meaning the patents that were not commercialized, expired without additional registration renewals. It is important to acquire a New Excellent Technology certificate for a cupping device to promote commercialization.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.481-487
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• 1978

Seventeen patients of the congenital pulmenic stenosis were operated at the department of Thoracic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital. There were thirteen male and four females, and ranging from six to thirty years of age. And it's incidence was 2.7% of congenital heart disease cases that were operated on. (Total 628) Seven case of trilogy of Fallot were excluded. Two cases of bacterial endocarditis were found. Right heart catheterization was done in all patients. Average right ventricular pressure was $121{\pm}35.8$mmHg, pulmonary artery $20{\pm}6.8$mmHg, and RV-PA pressure gradient $98{\pm}34.5$mmHg. The preoperative average time interval of A2-P2 which was checked at phonocardiography was $0.08{\pm}0.016$second, and was reduced to $0.03{\pm}0.009$second postoperatively. One was operated by Varco's procedure, another one was done by Brock's procedure, and fifteen patients were done by open heart surgery with heart-lung machine. Pure valvular stenosis was found in sixteen and infundibular stenosis in one case. And the combining anormalies were two patent ductus arteriosus, two patent foramen ovale, and one tricuspid valve hypoplasia. Two expired postoperatively at the begining stage of cardiac surgery in this Department. The remaining fifteen showed excellent operative results.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.111-122
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• 2014

This paper proposes a new strategy for assisting SMEs in S. Korea to grow by the use of free technologies, which include expired patents, patents that are effective in other countries but not in S. Korea, and technologies that were published without being patented. A key question answered in this paper is how to find valuable technologies developed by large companies that can be utilized by domestic SMEs. A procedure for identifying emerging free technologies was developed and is explained with an example. A quantitative analysis of technology trend was conducted on PCT's published patents that did not include S. Korea as a designated country, and then emerging IPC subclasses were identified. Among those emerging technology areas, the subclass areas where the number of Korean inventors is small were identified as key emerging free technology areas. Our method for identifying emerging free technologies can assist domestic SMEs to advance in the international market and guide the development of a national industrial strategy.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.289-303
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• 2023

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to investigate the types and forms of various marketing activities actually used in pharmaceutical companies and to empirically analyze the impact of these marketing activities on sales. Design/methodology/approach - This study categorize five years' worth of marketing activity data from a foreign pharmaceutical company 'A' which operates in South Korea into five categories. Multiple regression analysis and interaction effects are employed for data analysis. Findings - First, CRM calls, Detail calls, GP, and Web events have a positive impact on sales, but SoV does not show significant differences. Second, in the comparison between HQ1 and HQ2 based on patent ownership, Detail calls and Web events had a stronger impact on sales in HQ2, where the patent period is still in effect, compared to HQ1. However, SoV showed no difference between HQ1 and HQ2. Research implications or Originality - First, Detail Calls are more effective for drugs with active patents, while CRM Calls work better for drugs with expired patents. This emphasizes the need to customize call strategies based on patent status. Second, the significant impact of Web Events on sales in HQ2 compared to HQ1 suggests that online information access is crucial, indicating that customer receptivity varies based on product nature. Third, these insights, derived from data analysis, call for a shift in pharmaceutical marketing analysis methods away from traditional approaches. Finally, this study holds significance as one of the first empirical analyses using actual marketing data from pharmaceutical companies in South Korea.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.507-510
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• 2014

An 8 month-old female Pomeranian dog was presented with major complaints of heart murmur and cardiomegaly. Diagnostic study found the left-to-right patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with moderate heart failure (ISACHC II). The PDA occlusion was successfully accomplished using a $5mm{\times}3loops$ embolic coil through right femoral artery. Two months later, the dog came back to clinic with marked hypotension, severe diarrhea and pleural effusion. Diagnostic study found severe pulmonary hypertension and tricuspid regurgitation. The clinical condition was controlled by the administration of sildenafil (3 mg/kg, PO, TID). However, the dog was expired by dislodged embolic coil and inconsistent medication by the owner. Postmortem study found the pulmonary hypertension was occurred by the abnormally dislodged embolic coil. Although the embolic coil is widely used for PDA occlusion in toy dogs with PDA, the more careful evaluation for the size and shape of PDA is necessary to minimize the risk of dislodgement of pre-placed coil.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.65-72
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• 1969

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome: Dacron and Nylon graft between the left innominate vein and the right atrial appendage. Two cases with typical superior vena cave syndrome treated by by-pass graft between the left innominate vein and the right atrial apepndage were presented. One of them was a 58 year old farmer who suffered from marked swelling of the neck and upper half of body, the other was a 50 years old government employee who had acutely progressive symptoms of superior vena cave obstruction. Both of cases revealed that [1] cubitel venous pressure was markedly increased. [2] tumors were noted in the posterior mediastinum by laminography. [3] preoperative cavogram showed the occlusion of superior vena cava and marked collaterals. Dacron and Nylon graft were inserted between the left innominate vein and the right atrial appendage. Postoperatively, the symptoms were relieved markedly, showing edema free face and decreased cubital venous pressure. Postoperative cavogram showed patent graft. Histologically the first case was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma and the second as undifferentiated carcinoma, originated probably from bronchus. Total doses of 3150 r X-ray irradiation and 5000 mg of 5-FU were administered in each cases. The first case expired 11 months postoperatively without recurrence of superior vena cave obstruction symptom and the second case is living now without obstruction signs, 4 months after by-pass operation.