• 의학교육논단
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to discuss the main principles and concepts of social constructivism, examine the literature on the application of social constructivism in medical education, and explore the meaning and limitations of the utilization of social constructivism with learning theory. A literature search was carried out in two stages, utilizing PubMed, CINAHL and Education Source databases. The first search included both fields (social constructivism AND medical education), while the second search was performed by subject (Vygotsky or ZPD or zone of proximal development or scaffolding AND medical education). A total of 96 papers were found through the first and second searches, and after reviewing the abstracts of all 96 papers, 41 papers were deemed suitable for research purposes. In medical education, social constructivism is applied in areas such as (1) social and cultural behaviors (hidden curriculum), (2) social construct of "meaning" (dialogue and discourse), (3) learner's identity transformation (expert), and (4) instructional intervention (ZPD and scaffolding). Social constructivism has provided many ideas to explore in terms of the composition of knowledge in the sociocultural context of health care, but it has not demonstrated an explicit instructional method or educational effects.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.103-112
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• 1998

In this study, database schema which is capable of maintaining various design-knowledge and applicable to the structural designs has been presented. Futhermore, by utilizing the database system, RECODSS (REinforced COncrete Design Support System) was developed as well. Knowledge-base that were formulated from the document is constructed by applying the concrete standard specifications of Korea from 1989. The basic drawing was prepared by $AutoCAD^TM$. As an inference in the preliminary design, the certainty function and the interpolation function were presented. The certainty function is made by assuming linear relations between each data while referencing $MYCIN^TM$ (expert systems). Nevertheless, the interpolation function was made by utilizing the linear Lagrange interpolation. For the search of the design-knowledge, fast search algorithm and full-text search algorithm were used, however, the design engine was programmed with C language. RECODSS was applied for designing a slab and a beam member. And the results were compared with the existing results. In conclusion, RECODSS was able to efficiently manage various design knowledge and to introduce stable design results.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.103-113
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• 2003

본 연구는 교통 경로 탐색 가운데, 우회 경로 탐색과 선호 경로 탐색을 하였으며, 계층 분석법을 적용한 퍼지비가법 제어기 사용을 제안한다. 이것은 기존의 경로 탐색과는 달리, 인간의 사고과정에 착안한 것으로, 애매한 주관적 판단을 정량적으로 분석, 평가하였다. 그리고 중요도를 운전 전문가로부터 의견 수렴한 것을 기초로 도출하였으며, 실제효용성을 진단하고자 경로 모델의 예를 사용하였다. 모델 평가는 평가 요소에 대한 속성 소속 함수화 및 평가치 규정, 계층 분석법에 의한 중요도 결정, $\lambda$-퍼지 척도에 의한 중요도의 비 가법적 표현, Choquet 퍼지 적분 등으로 수행하였다. 결국, 우회 경로 탐색 결과, 시시각각 변하는 교통환경에 적응할 수 있는 실 시간적인 교통 경로 제어가 가능하였으며, 선호 경로 탐색 결과, 본 연구의 알고리즘이 운전자 개인의 교통 경로 선택 성향을 잘 반영함을 보여 주었다. 논문은 5 가지의 중요한 의미가 있다. (1) 제안된 접근 방법은 운전자의 경로 선택 결정 과정과 유사하다. (2) 제안된 접근 방법은 다 속성의 경로 평가 기준을 제어 할 수 있다. (3) 제안된 접근 방법은 운전자의 주관적 판단을 비가법적으로 객관화 할 수 있다. (4) 제안된 접근 방법은 우회 경로 탐색에서 동적인 경로 탐색을 보여주고 있다 (5) 제안된 접근 방법은 선호 경로 탐색에서 개개 운전자 속성을 고려할 수 있다.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.707-718
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• 2021

Background and objective: Due to the recent crisis of extinction in local areas, the mountain village promotion policy is recognized as an important task. This study examined the priorities of major policy projects in the forest sector that affect mountain village promotion. Methods: For research methods, literature search, expert advisory meetings, and a survey were conducted. The survey was conducted on 42 policy stakeholders from June 1 to August 13, 2021. The literature search was based on policy projects in the forest sector by 8 upper-level local governments including mountain villages. For questionnaire items, 173 forest policy projects were classified into 27 types through expert review, and the importance and performance of each type were rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Paired t-test, IPA, Locus for Focus model, and Borich needs assessment were used as the analysis methods, and the statistical program SPSS 21.0 was used as the analytical tool. Results: The results showed that 'creating forest-related jobs' and 'supporting cultivation of professional forestry workers' both showed high importance and performance, implying that they would show an effect in mountain village promotion. 'Creating forests for environmental improvement', 'discovering forest cultural assets' 'establishing and boosting forest tourism', 'providing forest therapy services', 'creating forest-related jobs', 'supporting community revitalization', and 'urban-rural exchanges' were found to be the types that needed improvement and concentration for mountain village promotion. In particular, 'creating forests for environmental improvement' and 'discovering forest cultural assets' were derived as priority considerations for mountain village promotion policies. Conclusion: In summary, it was found that in order to promote mountain villages, various content projects must be improved and carried out to enhance the physical environment and revitalize mountain villages.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.191-210
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• 2014

As mobile devices that can be connected to the Internet have spread and networking has become possible whenever/wherever, the Internet has become central in the dissemination and consumption of news. Accordingly, the ways news is gathered, disseminated, and consumed have changed greatly. In the traditional news media such as magazines and newspapers, expert editors determined what events were worthy of deploying their staffs or freelancers to cover and what stories from newswires or other sources would be printed. Furthermore, they determined how these stories would be displayed in their publications in terms of page placement, space allocation, type sizes, photographs, and other graphic elements. In turn, readers-news consumers-judged the importance of news not only by its subject and content, but also through subsidiary information such as its location and how it was displayed. Their judgments reflected their acceptance of an assumption that these expert editors had the knowledge and ability not only to serve as gatekeepers in determining what news was valuable and important but also how to rank its value and importance. As such, news assembled, dispensed, and consumed in this manner can be said to be expert-based recommended news. However, in the era of Internet news, the role of expert editors as gatekeepers has been greatly diminished. Many Internet news sites offer a huge volume of news on diverse topics from many media companies, thereby eliminating in many cases the gatekeeper role of expert editors. One result has been to turn news users from passive receptacles into activists who search for news that reflects their interests or tastes. To solve the problem of an overload of information and enhance the efficiency of news users' searches, Internet news sites have introduced numerous recommendation techniques. Recommendations based on popularity constitute one of the most frequently used of these techniques. This popularity-based approach shows a list of those news items that have been read and shared by many people, based on users' behavior such as clicks, evaluations, and sharing. "most-viewed list," "most-replied list," and "real-time issue" found on news sites belong to this system. Given that collective intelligence serves as the premise of these popularity-based recommendations, popularity-based news recommendations would be considered highly important because stories that have been read and shared by many people are presumably more likely to be better than those preferred by only a few people. However, these recommendations may reflect a popularity bias because stories judged likely to be more popular have been placed where they will be most noticeable. As a result, such stories are more likely to be continuously exposed and included in popularity-based recommended news lists. Popular news stories cannot be said to be necessarily those that are most important to readers. Given that many people use popularity-based recommended news and that the popularity-based recommendation approach greatly affects patterns of news use, a review of whether popularity-based news recommendations actually reflect important news can be said to be an indispensable procedure. Therefore, in this study, popularity-based news recommendations of an Internet news portal was compared with top placements of news in printed newspapers, and news users' judgments of which stories were personally and socially important were analyzed. The study was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, content analyses were used to compare the content of the popularity-based news recommendations of an Internet news site with those of the expert-based news recommendations of printed newspapers. Five days of news stories were collected. "most-viewed list" of the Naver portal site were used as the popularity-based recommendations; the expert-based recommendations were represented by the top pieces of news from five major daily newspapers-the Chosun Ilbo, the JoongAng Ilbo, the Dong-A Daily News, the Hankyoreh Shinmun, and the Kyunghyang Shinmun. In the second stage, along with the news stories collected in the first stage, some Internet news stories and some news stories from printed newspapers that the Internet and the newspapers did not have in common were randomly extracted and used in online questionnaire surveys that asked the importance of these selected news stories. According to our analysis, only 10.81% of the popularity-based news recommendations were similar in content with the expert-based news judgments. Therefore, the content of popularity-based news recommendations appears to be quite different from the content of expert-based recommendations. The differences in importance between these two groups of news stories were analyzed, and the results indicated that whereas the two groups did not differ significantly in their recommendations of stories of personal importance, the expert-based recommendations ranked higher in social importance. This study has importance for theory in its examination of popularity-based news recommendations from the two theoretical viewpoints of collective intelligence and popularity bias and by its use of both qualitative (content analysis) and quantitative methods (questionnaires). It also sheds light on the differences in the role of media channels that fulfill an agenda-setting function and Internet news sites that treat news from the viewpoint of markets.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.212-219
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• 2006

퍼지 논리 제어기(FLC : Fuzzy Logic Controller)를 사용할 때, 가장 중요한 것은 소속 함수의 범위를 정하는 것과 규칙의 형태를 결정하는 것이다. 소속 함수의 범위나 규칙의 형태는 자금까지 전문가가 임의로 정하는 방법을 사용하였다. 그러나 기존의 방법을 사용하면, 전문가의 주관적인 규칙과 소속 함수가 생성될 수 있고, 소속함수의 경우 최적의 범위를 정확히 예측하기 어려운 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 이런 단점을 보완하기 위해, 유전자 알고리즘을 사용함으로써 최적의 소속 함수와 규칙의 형태를 구하려 하였다. 제시하는 방법의 타당성을 검증하기 위해 자동차 주행 제어 문제에 적용시켜 보았다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.48-62
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• 2015

The purpose of the study was to investigate how the Classification of the Joseon Dynasty's Beauty characteristics were expressed in a TV documentary focusing ona Re-mediation theory. The methods of study comprised of library research, Internet search, and using TV documentary program case studies. The work this Researcher makeup in the manufacture from the documentary in which the methods the Joseon. Dynasty expressed were selected. The literature, and preceding research, were referred to as a way to help organize the Joseon Dynasty's 'gi-saeng Hwang Jin-Hee', 'woman of royal family', and way of make-up of 'sadae-bu lady'. The TV documentary programs selected were 'MBC special' and '2 parts of channel A documentary special'. First, the improvisation of nature and simultaneity expressed in the Joseon Dynasty's usage of make-up is shown through the interview form reflecting the make-up tools and age direction of the scenes or expert. Second, the interactivity and reality are well seen through the row equivalent in which the model seems to directly use the dressing demonstration of the expert and cosmetics material. Third, the cultural expandability and unexpectedness show through the production of situations which are viewed from the explanation of the narration and letter subtitles and drama.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.169-176
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• 2014

For designing the model of the web program, the demand survey for the technology and information has been performed for the students of the related departments, industrialists and researchers. And, the survey, such as advantages and disadvantages, for the current situations has been examined through comparison and analysis by the establishment type and operational process for the present operating web programs having the similar functions in Korea. The contents and web program for the technology and information system have been also developed by the question investigation and the expert opinions. This system for RI-Biomics has been developed by focusing the convenience for the information provision and the information search as the first constructing direction. Information has been collected by the operator in our institute and making contract with Global Trend Briefing of KISTI in Korea. The information collection in the web program has been designed as the direction regularly provided with RSS. Information has been then analyzed by constructing the expert pool provided from the advisory committee for the technology and information, and using them. The publicity for this web program has been performed by webzines and then it is noted that the publicity programs such as some events should be regularly developed when expanded and advanced to a community in future.

• 정보관리연구
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.173-186
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 다양한 Open API를 이용한 매쉬업 검색서비스를 통해 한의 분야의 약재 정보를 검색하는 약재 검색 매쉬업 시스템을 구축하였다. 특히 본 논문에서는 일반적인 Open API외에도 현재 서비스되고 있는 한의 분야의 논문과 연구개발과제 서비스에 대한 2개의 Open API를 개발하고 공개하여 전문적인 지식을 쉽게 공유하고 검색할 수 있도록 하였다. 한의 분야의 약재 정보는 다른 분야와는 다르게 정보의 출전이 어디냐에 따라 다양한 이름과 설명들을 가지기 때문에 일반적인 검색 방법과 같이 한 두 개의 검색어를 이용해서는 원하는 검색 결과를 얻기 힘들다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 기존에 한의 약재 100건의 정보를 온톨로지로 구축한 약재 온톨로지를 이용해서 검색어를 확장하고 이를 여러 Open API를 통해 검색하는 시스템을 구축함으로써 정확하고 포괄적인 검색이 이루어질 수 있도록 하였다.

• 과학기술학연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.3-43
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• 2015

이 글은 <과학기술에 대한 시민의식조사>의 결과를 분석하여 한국사회에서 과학기술 시티즌십, 전문지식권력, 거버넌스의 전반적 경향성과 특징을 파악하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 또한, 이를 바탕으로 과학기술 시티즌십의 현주소를 진단하고, 그 미래를 전망하고자 한다. 이를 위해 먼저, 설문조사 대상으로 선정된 13개의 이슈 중 11개를 생식기술, 원자력, 기후변화와 에너지, 식품위험, 정보통신 등 5개 세부 분야로 묶고, 각 분야의 경향성과 특징을 분석한 후, 해석과 함께 그 함의를 도출하고 있다. 그런 다음, 각 분야에서 이루어진 분석결과를 토대로 전반적 경향성을 모두 여섯 가지로 종합하고 있다. 결론에서는 앞선 분석과 해석을 바탕으로 과학기술 시티즌십의 미래를 전망하고 있다.